Manasara Series (I. A Dictionary of Hindu Architecture; II. Indian Architecture according to Manasara-Shilpashastra; III. Manasara on Architecture and Sculpture: Sanskrit Text; IV. Architecture of Manasara: Translation; V. Architecture of Manasara: Illustrations; VI. Hindu Architecture in India and Abroad; VII. An Encyclopaedia of Hindu Architecture) v2.c14.s59: The Aṁsumad-Bheda of Kāśyapa
Mānasāra Series (I. A Dictionary of Hindu Architecture; II. Indian Architecture according to Mānasāra-Śilpaśāstra; III. Mānasāra on Architecture and Sculpture: Sanskrit Text; IV. Architecture of Mānasāra: Translation; V. Architecture of Mānasāra: Illustrations; VI. Hindu Architecture in India and Abroad; VII. An Encyclopaedia of Hindu Architecture) v2.c14.s59
- Language
- English
The Aṁsumad-Bheda of Kāśyapa
v2.c14.s59.1
This is another well known treatise on architecture and about the next largest in size to the *Mānasāra*. There is also a striking similarity between the *Aṁśumadbheda* and the *Mānasāra* as will be shewn by the following lists of chapters of these treatises:
v2.c14.s59.2
(1) Karshaṇa—ploughing of the selected site, *Mānasāra*, chapter V.
v2.c14.s59.3
(2) Prāsāda-vāstu—classification of buildings, *Mānasāra*, chapter III.
v2.c14.s59.4
(3) Vāstu-homa—sacrificial offerings to the presiding deity of the site, *Mānasāra*, chapter VIII.
v2.c14.s59.5
(4) Prathameshṭaka-vidhi—laying the foundations; in the *Mānasāra* this subject is dealt with in several places and not in a separate chapter.
v2.c14.s59.6
(5) Upapīṭha-vidhāna—pedestals, *Mānasāra*, chapter XIII.
v2.c14.s59.7
(6) Adhishṭhāna-vidhi—bases, M. XIV.
v2.c14.s59.8
(7) Nāla-lakshaṇa,—canals; in the *Mānasāra* this subject is referred to in several places and not in a separate chapter.
v2.c14.s59.9
(8) Stambha-lakshaṇa—columns, M. XV.
v2.c14.s59.10
(9) Phalaka-lakshaṇa—planks, M. LXVII.
v2.c14.s59.11
(10) Vedikā-lakshaṇa—platforms, railings; in the *Mānasāra* this is described in many places.
v2.c14.s59.12
(11) Jālaka-lakshaṇa—perforated windows, M. XXXIII (concluding portion).
v2.c14.s59.13
(12) Toraṇa-lakshaṇa—arches, M. XLVI.
v2.c14.s59.14
(13) Vṛitta-sphuṭita-lakshaṇa—in the *Mānasāra* this is not described in a separate chapter.
v2.c14.s59.15
(14) Stambha-toraṇa-vidhi—arches upon columns, M XII.
v2.c14.s59.16
(15) Kumbha-tala-lakshaṇa—capitals of columns; this also is not described in any one chapter in the *Mānasāra*, but is referred to in many places.
v2.c14.s59.17
(16) Vṛitta-sphuṭita-lakshaṇa—same as chapter 13.
v2.c14.s59.18
(17) Dvāra-lakshaṇa—doors, M. XXXVIII, XXXIX.
v2.c14.s59.19
(18) Kampa-dvāra-lakshaṇa—a special door, M. XXXVIII, XXXIX.
v2.c14.s59.20
(19) Prastara-lakshaṇa - entablatures, M. XVI.
v2.c14.s59.21
(20) Gala-vidhāna—necks; this is also not described in any one chapter in the *Mānasāra*
v2.c14.s59.22
(21) Śikhara-lakshaṇa—tops, finials; in the *Mānasāra*, this also is referred to in many places.
v2.c14.s59.23
(22) Nāsikā—noses, wings; in the *Mānasāra* this is described in several places.
v2.c14.s59.24
(23) Mānopakaraṇa—system of measurement, same title in M. II.
v2.c14.s59.25
(24) Māna-sūtrādi-lakshaṇa—measuring strings, M. II.
v2.c14.s59.26
(25) Nagarādi-vidhi—towns, etc., M. X.
v2.c14.s59.27
(26) Garbha-nyāsa-vidhi—foundations, etc., M. XII.
v2.c14.s59.28
(27) Eka-tala-vidhāna—one-storeyed buildings, M. XIX.
v2.c14.s59.29
(28--30) Dvi-chaturtha-tala-vidhāna—two to four-storeyed buildings, M. XX—XXII.
v2.c14.s59.30
(31) Kūṭādi-lakshaṇa—finials, in the *Mānasāra* referred to in many places.
v2.c14.s59.31
(32—39) Pañcha-bhānu-bhūmi-vidhāna—five to twelve-storeyed buildings, M. XXIII--XXX.
v2.c14.s59.32
(40) Trayodaśa-tala-vidhāna—thirteen-storeyed buildings, and
v2.c14.s59.33
(41) Shoḍaśa-bhūmi-vidhāna—sixteen-storeyed buildings, subjects of these two chapters (40, 41) are dealt with in M. XXXIII.
v2.c14.s59.34
(42) Mūrdheshṭaka-vidhi—the brick at the top; in the *Mānasāra* referred to in many places.
v2.c14.s59.35
(43) Prākāra-lakshaṇa—courts, M. XXXI.
v2.c14.s59.36
(44) Maṇṭa(ḍa)pa-lakshaṇa—pavilions, M. XXXIV.
v2.c14.s59.37
(45) Gopura-lakshaṇa—gate-houses, M. XXXIII.
v2.c14.s59.38
The remaining portion of this treatise, except the last two chapters on villages, deals with sculpture more elaborately than in the *Mānasāra*.
v2.c14.s59.39
It will be noticed that the purely architectural topics are more exhaustively described in the *Mānasāra*.
v2.c14.s59.40
(46) Sapta-mātrikā-lakshaṇa—the seven mothers (female images), M. LXIV.
v2.c14.s59.41
(47) Vināyaka-lakshaṇa—image of Vināyaka or Gaṇeśa, not specified in the *Mānasāra*, but see chap. LVII, XLI.
v2.c14.s59.42
(48) Parivāra-vidhi—images of attendant deities, M. XXXII
v2.c14.s59.43
(49) Liṅga-lakshaṇoddhāra—unearthing the phallus, cf. M. LII.
v2.c14.s59.44
(50) Uttama-daśa-tāla-purusha-māna--the largest type of ten-tāla measure as applied to male deities, M. LXV.
v2.c14.s59.45
(51) Madhyama-daśa-tāla purusha-māna--the intermediate type of the ten tāla measure as applied to male deities, M. LXVI, LXI.
v2.c14.s59.46
(52) Uttama-nava-tāla—the largest type of the nine-tāla measure, M. LVII, XLI.
v2.c14.s59.47
(53) Madhyama-nava-tāla—intermediate type of the nine-tāla measure, M. LVII, XLI.
v2.c14.s59.48
(54) Adhama-nava-tāla—the smallest type of the nine-tāla measure, M. ibid.
v2.c14.s59.49
(55) Ashṭa-tāla—the eight-tāla measure, M. LVII.
v2.c14.s59.50
(56) Sapta-tāla—the seven-tāla measure, M. LVII.
v2.c14.s59.51
(57) Pīṭha-lakshaṇoddhāra—the pedestal of the phallus, M. LIII.
v2.c14.s59.52
(58) Sakala-sthāpana-vidi—the installation of the images of Iśvara and three other deities, M. LI.
v2.c14.s59.53
(59) Sukhāsana
(60) Sukhāsana }—posture of an image, M. LXVII.
v2.c14.s59.54
(61) Chandra-śekhara-mūrti-lakshaṇa-–the image of Chandraśekhara (Śiva), M. LI.
v2.c14.s59.55
(62) Vṛisha-vāhana-mūrti-lakshaṇa—the image of the bull, the riding animal of Śiva, M. LXII.
v2.c14.s59.56
(63) Nṛitta-mūrti-lakshaṇa—the image of dancing (Śiva), M. LI.
v2.c14.s59.57
(64) Gaṅgādhara-mūrti-lakshaṇa-–the image of the Ganges-bearing Śiva, M. LI.
v2.c14.s59.58
(65) Tripura-mūrti-lakshaṇa-–the image of Śiva in the pose of killing Tripura (demon), M. LI.
v2.c14.s59.59
(66) Kalyāṇa-sundara-lakshaṇa—the image of Kalyāṇa-sundara, M. LI.
v2.c14.s59.60
(67) Ardha-nārīśvara-lakshaṇa-–the image of Śiva combined with his consort Pārvatī, M. LI.
v2.c14.s59.61
(68) Gajaha-mūrti-lakshaṇa—the image of Gajaha (?Gaṇeśa).
v2.c14.s59.62
(69) Pāśupata-mūrti-lakshaṇa—the image of Pāśupata (Śiva), M. LI.
v2.c14.s59.63
(70) Kaṅkāla-mūrti-lakshaṇa—the image of a skeleton, M. not specified.
v2.c14.s59.64
(71) Haryardha-Hara-lakshaṇa—the combined image of Vishṇu and Śiva—M. LI.
v2.c14.s59.65
(72) Bhikshāṭana-mūrti-lakshaṇa—the image of Śiva in the pose of a beggar.
v2.c14.s59.66
(73) Chaṇḍeshānugraha, M. not specified.
v2.c14.s59.67
(74) Dakshiṇā-mūrti-lakshaṇa—the image of Dakshiṇā, M. not specified.
v2.c14.s59.68
(75) Kālaha-mūrti-lakshaṇa—the image of Kālaha, M. not specified.
v2.c14.s59.69
(76) Liṅgodbhava-lakshaṇa–revelation of the phallus, M. LII.
v2.c14.s59.70
(77) Vṛiksha-saṁgrahaṇa—collection of wood, M. XV.
v2.c14.s59.71
(78) Śūla-lakshaṇa—the pike, M. not specified.
v2.c14.s59.72
(79) Śūla-pāṇi-lakshaṇa—the image of Śūlapāṇi (Śiva), M. LI.
v2.c14.s59.73
(80) Rajju-bandha-lakshaṇa—binding of rope.
v2.c14.s59.74
(81) Mṛit-saṁskāra-lakshaṇa—the process of casting images in earth, referred to in many places in the *Mānasāra*.
v2.c14.s59.75
(82) Kalka-saṁskāra-lakshaṇa—preparation of mixtures.
v2.c14.s59.76
(83) Varṇa-saṁskāra-lakshaṇa—preparation of colours.
v2.c14.s59.77
(84) Varṇa-lepana-medhya-lakshaṇa. The contents of chapters 78-84 are referred to in several places in the *Mānasāra*.
v2.c14.s59.78
. (85) Grāmādi-lakshaṇa / (86) Grāma-lakshaṇa villages, M. IX.
v2.c14.s59.79
In this treatise architecture proper is treated in the first forty-five and the last two chapters. These forty-seven chapters are similar in many respects to the first fifty chapters of the *Mānasāra*. The *Aṁśumad-bheda* deals much more elaborately with sculptural objects in thirty-nine chapters in place of some twenty chapters of the *Mānasāra*. But purely architectural topics are more exhaustively described in the *Mānasāra* which seems in any case to have largely influenced the other work in these matters.
Linked texts (2)
- Mānasāra — Sanskrit
- Kāśyapaśilpa — Sanskrit