[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [Architecture and art](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art) › [Manasara Series (I. A Dictionary of Hindu Architecture; II. Indian Architecture according to Manasara-Shilpashastra; III. Manasara on Architecture and Sculpture: Sanskrit Text; IV. Architecture of Manasara: Translation; V. Architecture of Manasara: Illustrations; VI. Hindu Architecture in India and Abroad; VII. An Encyclopaedia of Hindu Architecture)](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927) › v2.c18 # Manasara Series (I. A Dictionary of Hindu Architecture; II. Indian Architecture according to Manasara-Shilpashastra; III. Manasara on Architecture and Sculpture: Sanskrit Text; IV. Architecture of Manasara: Translation; V. Architecture of Manasara: Illustrations; VI. Hindu Architecture in India and Abroad; VII. An Encyclopaedia of Hindu Architecture) v2.c18: General Index Mānasāra Series (I. A Dictionary of Hindu Architecture; II. Indian Architecture according to Mānasāra-Śilpaśāstra; III. Mānasāra on Architecture and Sculpture: Sanskrit Text; IV. Architecture of Mānasāra: Translation; V. Architecture of Mānasāra: Illustrations; VI. Hindu Architecture in India and Abroad; VII. An Encyclopaedia of Hindu Architecture) v2.c18 - **Language:** English ### General Index ### [v2.c18.1](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.1) Ābhaṅga, slight flexion, a pose, 86. ### [v2.c18.2](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.2) Ābhāsa, a class of buildings, 41, 48, 110, 118, etc.; a type of door, 155; a kind of phallus, 72, etc ; a building material, a sort of marble, three kinds—\*chitra\* \*ardha-chitra\* and \*ābhāsa\* proper, 70. ### [v2.c18.3](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.3) Abja, ambuja, padma or saroruha, names of a kind of moulding, partly corresponding to cyma, cymarecta or cymatium, 127. ### [v2.c18.4](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.4) Abja-kānta, a class of ten-storeyed buildings, 50, 112, etc. ### [v2.c18.5](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.5) Abu, marble temples at Mount of, 178; further details, 179. ### [v2.c18.6](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.6) Āchāra-sāra, an illustration of the names of books ending in \*sāra\* meaning 'essence,' 2. ### [v2.c18.7](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.7) Actium, the battle of, referring to the age in which Vitruvius, the famous Roman architect, might have lived, 160. ### [v2.c18.8](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.8) Adam, the father of human race corresponding to Manu, 160. ### [v2.c18.9](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.9) Adbhuta, one of the five divisions of height of an architectural or sculptural object, determined in comparison with the width, the others being called \*śāntika\*, \*paushṭika\*, \*pārshṇika\* or \*jayada\*, and \*sarvakāmika\*, 41, 55, 124, etc.; name of a class of two-storeyed buildings also called \*Prabhutaka\*, 60, 111, 118, etc. ### [v2.c18.10](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.10) Ādhāra, a kind of support for a chariot, also called \*Upādhāra\*, 60; name of a moulding, 127, etc. ### [v2.c18.11](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.11) Adhirāja, one of the nine classes of kings, 59; for whose use different kinds of storeyed buildings, thrones, crowns, chariots, and ornaments, etc., are prescribed, 42, 60, 61, 67-68, etc. ### [v2.c18.12](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.12) Adhishṭhāna, the base, its sixty-four varieties divided under nineteen different types bearing technical names, 44; illustrations of its being dealt with in all purely architectural treatises, 89, 92, 106; comparison with Vitruvius's, 149 fol. ### [v2.c18.13](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.13) Adhivāsana, ceremony connected with the coronation of a king, 65. ### [v2.c18.14](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.14) Ādika, a kind of conveyance, first or fast conveyance, 36. ### [v2.c18.15](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.15) Ādimāna, primary measurement, 77; its nine varieties, 121, etc. ### [v2.c18.16](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.16) Ādisāra, an architectural treatise or author like \*Mānasāra\*, one of the thirty-two authorities on architecture, 165. ### [v2.c18.17](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.17) Ādi-Vishṇu, one of the epithets of Vishṇu, an illustration of the popularity of the Vishṇu cult at the time of the \*Mānasāra\*, 189. ### [v2.c18.18](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.18) Ādyeshṭaka-vidhi, laying the foundation stone, 28, etc. ### [v2.c18.19](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.19) Āgama, a traditional doctrine, a special class of works, belonging especially to Southern India like the Purāṇas of Northern India, and numbering twenty-eight, 23 ; deals extensively with architectural and sculptural matters, 24—28, (109), 118-119, 125, 126, 128, 130, 131, 132, 151. 160, 175. ### [v2.c18.20](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.20) Agastya, an authority on architecture, 97, 100, 101, 107. ### [v2.c18.21](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.21) Agastya-sakalādhikāra, a treatise on architecture, 100. ### [v2.c18.22](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.22) Aghana, hollow parts, 53 ; an architectural measurement taken by the interior of a structure, 124. ### [v2.c18.23](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.23) Agni-purāṇa, seems to be aware of \*Mānasāra\*, 4, 169 ; dilates on the subject of architecture at great length, 20 ; compared with various other treatises on architectural matters, 110, 160, 170 ; describes forty-five types of buildings under five classes which are identical with those given in \*Garuḍa-purāṇa\*, 113, 119 ; age of , 194. ### [v2.c18.24](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.24) Ahi-chhatra, the capital of north Pāñchāla which is the name of a type of twelve-storeyed buildings, 174. ### [v2.c18.25](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.25) Ahura-Mazda, possible identity with Maya-Asura, 166, 172. ### [v2.c18.26](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.26) Āirāvata, name of a class of five-storeyed buildings, 50, 112. ### [v2.c18.27](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.27) Āitareya-Brāhmaṇa, reference to the aṅgula measure from, 122. ### [v2.c18.28](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.28) Ājanta, rock-cut cave temples of, 10 ; richly carved and ornamented pierced widows at, 178. ### [v2.c18.29](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.29) Akrakānta, a class of eleven-storeyed buildings, 50, 112. ### [v2.c18.30](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.30) Aksha, axle of cars and chariots, 60. ### [v2.c18.31](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.31) Akshi-mokshaṇa, chiselling the eyes of an image, 101, 107. ### [v2.c18.32](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.32) Alaka-(chūḍā), a kind of head-dress used by the queens of Prāhāraka and Astragrāha classes of kings, 65. ### [v2.c18.33](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.33) Ālambana-bāhu, balustrades, references from Buddhist literature to, 13. ### [v2.c18.34](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.34) Alaṅkāra-śāstra, illustrates the inductive method of treatment of the subject matter as in the \*Śilpa-śāstras\*, 133. ### [v2.c18.35](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.35) Alberuni, on the age of \*Purāṇas\*, 194. ### [v2.c18.36](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.36) Alexander, his expedition accounts for the Grecian influence on the Gāndhāra sculpture, 159. ### [v2.c18.37](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.37) Alinda, verandah, references from Buddhist literature to, 12. ### [v2.c18.38](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.38) Āliṅga, name of a moulding, 127. ### [v2.c18.39](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.39) Alpa, one of the twenty types of buildings mentioned in the \*Kāmikāgama\*, 118. ### [v2.c18.40](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.40) Amalaka, a large fluted circular block, being a characteristic feature over the summit of the earlier Indo-Aryan style of architecture, 179. ### [v2.c18.41](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.41) Āmalaka-vaṇṭika-pīṭham, chair with many legs, references from Buddhist literature to, 16. ### [v2.c18.42](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.42) Amara-kosha, the famous Sanskrit lexicon, refers to several architectural terms and illustrates the popularity of architecture in the dictionary class of literature, 33. ### [v2.c18.43](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.43) Ambaranāth, Indo-Aryan style of architecture of the mediaeval age at, 179. ### [v2.c18.44](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.44) Aṁśu, name of a moulding, 127. ### [v2.c18.45](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.45) Aṁśumad-bheda (of Kāśyapa), an architectural treatise of much reputation summarized, (91), 92; 99. ### [v2.c18.46](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.46) Aṁśumad-bhedāgama, references to architecture from, 28; reference to \*Tāla\* measure from, 123. ### [v2.c18.47](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.47) Andhra, one of the two branches of the Vesara style of architecture, 130, 131, 176; Aryanization of the country of, 184; patronage to popular literary dialects of the Andhra Kings, 193; empire of, 185. ### [v2.c18.48](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.48) Aṅghri, dwarf pillar, 63; name of a moulding, 127. ### [v2.c18.49](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.49) Āṅgīrasa, a treatise on architecture on which the Sanat-kumāra-vāstu-śāstra was based, 102. ### [v2.c18.50](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.50) Aṅgula, a finger, finger-breadth used as the standard measure, the smaller units of which it is made and its multiples, 35; the four kinds of, 77; similarly treated in all branches of Sanskrit literature, (121), 122. ### [v2.c18.51](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.51) Aṅgulīyaka, an ornament finger-ring, 67. ### [v2.c18.52](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.52) Anila-bhadraka, one of the seven types of cars, 61. ### [v2.c18.53](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.53) Animals, for riding of gods, 81, 82, 83. ### [v2.c18.54](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.54) Aniruddha, one of the eighteen architectural authorities mentioned in the \*Matsya-purāṇa\*, 164. ### [v2.c18.55](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.55) Anta-nihāra, one of the five courts into which the compound of an edifice is divided, 51, 154. ### [v2.c18.56](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.56) Antarāla, anteroom, 49; a moulding, 127. ### [v2.c18.57](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.57) Antariksha-kānta, class of ten-storeyed buildings, 50, 112. ### [v2.c18.58](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.58) Antarita, otherwise called antara, antarāla and antarika, fillet, a moulding, 127. ### [v2.c18.59](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.59) Antar-maṇḍala, one of the five courts into which the compound of an edifice is divided, 51, 154. ### [v2.c18.60](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.60) Antika, a type of two-storeyed buildings, 111, also called Kāntika, 51. ### [v2.c18.61](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.61) Anukarma-vidhāna, minor works on sculpture, 90. ### [v2.c18.62](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.62) Apasaṁchita, a type of building, 24, 49, 111, 118. ### [v2.c18.63](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.63) Āpa-tattva, one of the several architectural treatises ascribed to Maṇḍana, 103. ### [v2.c18.64](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.64) Āpa-vatsya, name of a quarter, 189; compare ground-plan, 37-38. ### [v2.c18.65](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.65) Apelles, an eminent painter, 141. ### [v2.c18.66](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.66) Apollo, a deity, the temple of, 146. ### [v2.c18.67](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.67) Ārāma, rest-house, a garden house, elaborately described in Buddhist literature, 11. ### [v2.c18.68](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.68) Araṅga, probably for Raṅga, a class of buildings, 36. ### [v2.c18.69](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.69) Architecture, objects implied by, 1; one of the duties of the Buddhist order, 10; professors of, (86), 165. ### [v2.c18.70](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.70) Ardha-hāra, string of pearls worn round the neck, a chain of sixty-four strings, 68. ### [v2.c18.71](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.71) Ardha-nārīśvara, image of Śiva combined with his consort Pārvatī, 94, 100, 107. ### [v2.c18.72](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.72) Ardha-yoga, a type of Buddhist buildings, partly religious and partly residential, 10. ### [v2.c18.73](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.73) Argala, name of a moulding, 127. ### [v2.c18.74](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.74) Aristarchus, a grammarian, 141. ### [v2.c18.75](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.75) Aristoxenus, a famous musician, 141. ### [v2.c18.76](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.76) Arjuna, the temple of, 177. ### [v2.c18.77](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.77) Aræostylos, one of the five species of Vitruvius's temples, 147. ### [v2.c18.78](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.78) Ārsha, a class of phalli, 73. ### [v2.c18.79](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.79) Artha-śāstra, of Kauṭilīya, the architectural matters described in, 29; an example of Political works, 132; reference to party-walls, sewage system and windows, etc., from, 140; connection with \*Purāṇas\* and other works, 169-170. ### [v2.c18.80](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.80) Asaṁchita, a class of buildings, 24, 49, 111. ### [v2.c18.81](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.81) Āsana, a type of buildings in which the deity is carved in the sitting posture, 24, 49, 110; a class of three-storeyed buildings, 50, 111; one of the three postures, 86; seat, 97; name of a moulding, 127. ### [v2.c18.82](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.82) Āsandī, chairs, 16, 30. ### [v2.c18.83](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.83) Āsandako, rectangular chair, 16. ### [v2.c18.84](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.84) Ashṭāśra, a class of octagonal buildings, 116 (its description); 117, 118. ### [v2.c18.85](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.85) Ashṭa-tāla, a kind of measurement, 75, see Tāla (121, 123). ### [v2.c18.86](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.86) Aśoka, 183, 184, 185, 190. ### [v2.c18.87](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.87) Āśramāgāra, a class of seven-storeyed buildings, 50, 112. ### [v2.c18.88](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.88) Assembly-halls, of Indra, Yama, Varuṇa and Kubera, as mentioned in \*Mahābhārata\*, 17. ### [v2.c18.89](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.89) Āsthāna-maṇḍapa, hall of public audience, 58. ### [v2.c18.90](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.90) Astragal, name of a moulding, 127, 152. ### [v2.c18.91](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.91) Astragrāhin, a class of kings, 59, 181, 182. ### [v2.c18.92](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.92) Asura, a deity, name of a plot in the ground-plan (\*Pada-vinyāsa\*) 38. ### [v2.c18.93](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.93) Aśva-māna-vidhi, name of a chapter in the \*Viśvasāra\* dealing with the measurement of horse's image, 108. ### [v2.c18.94](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.94) Atharva-veda, references to architectural matters from, 6. ### [v2.c18.95](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.95) Aśvatha tree, characteristic of Buddha, 78-79. ### [v2.c18.96](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.96) Atibhaṅga, excessive flexion, one of the poses in which an image is carved, 86. ### [v2.c18.97](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.97) Ātmārtha, (for one's own purpose), a class of phalli for personal worship as opposed to public worship, 73. ### [v2.c18.98](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.98) Atri, a sage, 6; one of the eighteen Professors of architecture mentioned in the \*Matsya-purāṇa\*, 164. ### [v2.c18.99](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.99) Aṭṭālikā, edifice, one of several architectural objects mentioned in Pāṇini's grammar, 33. ### [v2.c18.100](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.100) Attic, one of the three species of doors mentioned by Vitruvius, 155. ### [v2.c18.101](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.101) Augustus, a Roman king, 160. ### [v2.c18.102](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.102) Auttami, one of the fourteen Manus, 166. ### [v2.c18.103](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.103) Avachchhāya, light shadow, calculation of, in connection with the cardinal points for the orientation of buildings, 37. ### [v2.c18.104](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.104) Āvarya, one of the thirty-two architectural authorities mentioned in \*Mānasāra\*, 165. ### [v2.c18.105](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.105) Āyādi-shaḍ-varga, āya and other architectural formulas of measurement, 83, 24, 73, 74, 78, 103. ### [v2.c18.106](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.106) Ayodhyā, its town-plan, 17; builder of, 166; mentioned (as Ajoyyā) in Buddhist literature, 9. ### [v2.c18.107](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.107) Āyudhālaya, arsenal, 58. ### [v2.c18.108](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.108) B ### [v2.c18.109](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.109) Babhru-(mushṭika), a type of building mentioned in the \*Agni-purāṇa\*, 114. ### [v2.c18.110](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.110) Bacchus, temple of, 146, 148. ### [v2.c18.111](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.111) Bādāmi, Chalukyas of, 191. ### [v2.c18.112](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.112) Bahir-bhūshaṇa, external ornaments, certain articles of furniture, 68. ### [v2.c18.113](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.113) Bahu-bhūmi-vidhāna, building of more than three storeys, the name of a chapter in the \*Mayamata-Śilpa-Śāstra\*, 90. ### [v2.c18.114](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.114) Bahu-liṅga, phalli in group, a class of phalli, 73. ### [v2.c18.115](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.115) Bāhulya, name of a moulding, 27, 152. ### [v2.c18.116](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.116) Bairat, town of, representing ancient Virāṭa, 174. ### [v2.c18.117](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.117) Ba(va)labhi, a rectangular type of building mentioned in the \*Agni-purāṇa\*, 113. ### [v2.c18.118](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.118) Bālāditya, a Gupta prince, 192. ### [v2.c18.119](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.119) Balance, architectural details of, 69. ### [v2.c18.120](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.120) Bāla-paryaṅka, small couch, 36. ### [v2.c18.121](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.121) Balaya (valaya), a round type of building mentioned in the \*Agni-purāṇa\*, 113. ### [v2.c18.122](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.122) Bali, an island, 170. ### [v2.c18.123](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.123) Bali-karma, offerings to gods in connection with constructing a building, 89. ### [v2.c18.124](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.124) Bāṇa, the author of the \*Harsha-charita\*, 194. ### [v2.c18.125](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.125) Bāṇa-śālā, castles, 30. ### [v2.c18.126](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.126) Bārāṇasi, the builder of, 9. ### [v2.c18.127](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.127) Baroli, type of temple at, 178. ### [v2.c18.128](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.128) Base, (adhishṭhāna), different varieties of, 44, 128. ### [v2.c18.129](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.129) Bauddhas, temples of 52; images of the deities of, 78. ### [v2.c18.130](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.130) Bedsteads, architectural details of, 61-62; references from the \*Āgamas\* to, 27. ### [v2.c18.131](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.131) Belur, type of temple at, 178. ### [v2.c18.132](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.132) Benares, type of temples at, 179. ### [v2.c18.133](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.133) Berāṅgula, a kind of measurement, 77, 84. ### [v2.c18.134](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.134) Bhadra, a type of pavilion used as a water-reservoir, store-house, etc., 154; balconies, 60; a type of square building mentioned in the \*Agni-purāṇa\*, 113; also in the \*Kāmikāgama\*, 118; a moulding, 127. ### [v2.c18.135](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.135) Bhadra-pīṭha, one of the four classes of pedestals, 74. ### [v2.c18.136](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.136) Bhadra-pīṭham, state chair, 16. ### [v2.c18.137](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.137) Bhadrāsana, a type of throne for the Paṭṭabhāj class of kings, 63. ### [v2.c18.138](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.138) Bhāgavata-purāṇa, references to a class of devotees from, 80. ### [v2.c18.139](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.139) Bhairava, a class of phalli, 72. ### [v2.c18.140](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.140) Bhairavī, one of the seven mothers, image of, 75. ### [v2.c18.141](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.141) Bhānu, one of the thirty-two architectural authorities mentioned in \*Mānasāra\*, 165. ### [v2.c18.142](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.142) Bhāra (hāra), name of a moulding, 127. ### [v2.c18.143](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.143) Bharata, an architectural authority, 162 ### [v2.c18.144](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.144) Bhārgava, one of several architectural authorities on which the Sanatkumāra's \*Vāstu-śāstra\* is stated to have been based, 102. ### [v2.c18.145](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.145) Bhāravi, contemporary and date of, 197. ### [v2.c18.146](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.146) Bhāskara, one of several authorities on which the architectural portion of the \*Bṛihat-saṁhitā\* appears to have been based, 163, 165. ### [v2.c18.147](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.147) Bhāskarāchārya, astronomical works of, 172. ### [v2.c18.148](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.148) Bhaṭṭotpala, a commentator of the \*Bṛihat-saṁhitā\*, 162. ### [v2.c18.149](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.149) Bhavabhūti, the great Sanskrit poet, architectural references from, 32. ### [v2.c18.150](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.150) Bhavana (bhuvana), a rectangular type of building mentioned in the \*Agni-purāṇa\* 113, and the \*Garuḍa-purāṇa\* 114. ### [v2.c18.151](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.151) Bhavana-kānta, a class of ten-storeyed buildings, 50, 112. ### [v2.c18.152](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.152) Bhavishya-purāṇa, architectural references from, 21; comparative study of, 23, 110, 119, 131, 160; twenty types of buildings from, 116-117; references to selection of site and examination of soil from, 140; identical with the \*Matsya-purāṇa\* and the \*Bṛihat-saṁhitā\*, 163; age of, 194. ### [v2.c18.153](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.153) Bhikshāṭana-(mūrti-lakshaṇa), image of Śiva in the pose of a beggar, 94, 100. ### [v2.c18.154](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.154) Bhoga, a type of single storeyed building, 49; with round ears (wings), 111. ### [v2.c18.155](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.155) Bhojana-maṇḍapa, dining hall, a type of pavilion, 58. ### [v2.c18.156](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.156) Bhṛigu, one of the authorities on which Sanat-kumāra's \*Vāstu-śāstra\* is stated to have been based, 102; architectural references from, 107; further references from, 140; one of the eighteen professors of architecture mentioned in the \*Matsya-purāṇa\*, 164. ### [v2.c18.157](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.157) Bhṛiṅga-rāja, a deity, 38. ### [v2.c18.158](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.158) Bhū-devī, earth-goddess, image of, 71; see also Mahī, 74-75. ### [v2.c18.159](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.159) Bhūdhara, a round type of building mentioned in the \*Agni-purāṇa\*, 113. ### [v2.c18.160](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.160) Bhū-kānta, types of eight-and ten-storeyed buildings, 50, 112. ### [v2.c18.161](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.161) Bhū-lamba, dimensions of storeys, name of a chapter in the \*Maya-mata\*, 89; see Bhūmi-lamba. ### [v2.c18.162](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.162) Bhūmi-(lakshaṇa), soil, name of a chapter in the \*Viśvakarma-Śilpa\*, 96. ### [v2.c18.163](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.163) Bhūmi-lamba-vidhāna, dimensions of buildings of various storeys, 41, 25; definition and contents of the chapter so named 147. ### [v2.c18.164](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.164) Bhūmi-phalam, fruit of soil. effect of soil upon the building, a chapter of the \*Vıśvakarma-Śilpa\*, 96. ### [v2.c18.165](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.165) Bhūmi-saṁgraha, selection of site, details of, 36; comparative study of, 142. ### [v2.c18.166](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.166) Bhū-mukha, an oval type of building mentioned in the \*Garuḍa-purāṇa\*, 114. ### [v2.c18.167](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.167) Bhūpa-kānta, a class of eight-storeyed buildings, 50, 112. ### [v2.c18.168](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.168) Bhū-parigraha, selection of site, name of a chapter in the \*Mayamata-Śilpa-śāstra\*, 89. ### [v2.c18.169](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.169) Bhū-parīkshā, examination of soil, details of, 36, 89, 102; comparative study of, 142. ### [v2.c18.170](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.170) Bhūpati-Vallabha, perhaps identical with the \*Śilpa-śāstra\* of Maṇḍana, 103. ### [v2.c18.171](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.171) Bhūshaṇa, a class of nine-storeyed buildings, 50, 112; an oval type of building mentioned in the \*Agni-purāṇa\*, 113. ### [v2.c18.172](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.172) Bhūshaṇālaya, house for keeping ornaments in, a store-room for jewellery, 58. ### [v2.c18.173](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.173) Bhūtas, goblins, images of, 61; compare Yaksha, etc., 80. ### [v2.c18.174](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.174) Bhūta-kānta, a class of five-storeyed buildings, 50, 112. ### [v2.c18.175](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.175) Bhuvanesvara, type of temples at, 179; division of the style of architecture at, 180. ### [v2.c18.176](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.176) Bihar, country of Janakas, types of twelve-storeyed buildings at, 173. ### [v2.c18.177](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.177) Bimbamāna, references to sculptural matters from, 121, 122, 123. ### [v2.c18.178](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.178) Bimbisāra, a king, builder of Rājagṛiha, 9. ### [v2.c18.179](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.179) Bodhika, name of a moulding, 126, 127, 151. ### [v2.c18.180](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.180) Boutique, a Buddhist building, 11. ### [v2.c18.181](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.181) Brahmā, image of, 71; name of a type of columns, 126, 151; according to Varāhamihira the science of architecture originated from, 162; in architectural matters the comparative treatment of, 187; the foundations of the temples of, 188; worship of, 190. ### [v2.c18.182](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.182) Brahma-bhāga, the name of the square stand of the phallus, 73. ### [v2.c18.183](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.183) Brahma-kānta, square pillar, 45, 125, 150; a pillar with four minor pillars, 45, 46; a class of three-storeyed buildings, 50, 111; a class of five-storeyed buildings, 50, 112; a class of \*gopuras\* (gate-house), 52. ### [v2.c18.184](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.184) Brahma-mandira, a rectangular type of building mentioned in the \*Agni-purāṇa\* and the \*Garuḍa-purāṇa\*, 113, 114. ### [v2.c18.185](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.185) Brahman, one of the authorities on which Sanat-kumāra's \*Vāstu-Śāstra\* (science of architecture) is stated to have been based, 102; one of the eighteen professors of architecture mentioned in the \*Matsya-purāṇa\*, 164. ### [v2.c18.186](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.186) Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa, references to temples and residential buildings from, 21; aṅgula-measures from, 122; tāla-measures from, 123; account of future kings ending with the Guptas in, 194 ### [v2.c18.187](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.187) Brahmāṇī, one of the seven mothers image of, 75. ### [v2.c18.188](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.188) Brahma-pīṭha, the royal chapel, 58. ### [v2.c18.189](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.189) Brahma-sāvarṇi, one of the fourteen Manus, 166. ### [v2.c18.190](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.190) Brahma-sthāna, the central plot in a village or town, where some public building is generally built, 56; the central place in a palace where the royal chapel is situated, 58. ### [v2.c18.191](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.191) Brahma-yāmala, an architectural treatise, 108. ### [v2.c18.192](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.192) Brāhmī, goddess, image of, 98. ### [v2.c18.193](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.193) Brahmor, in Chamba State, bronze Nandin from, 82. ### [v2.c18.194](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.194) Bṛihat-saṁhitā, by Varāhamihira, short description of, 22; method of treatment of architectural matters in, 28; definition of \*hāra\* from, 68; other works compared with, 109, 110, 116; twenty types of buildings from, 117, 118, 119; \*aṅgula\* and \*tāla\* measures from, 122, 123; the five orders from, 125, 150; eight kinds of mouldings from, 127, 151, 152; styles of architecture from, 130, 131; probably based on \*Mānasāra\*, 132; references to selection of sites and examination of soil from, 140; relation with other works, 160, 167, 168, 194, 198; detailed comparison with \*Mānasāra\*, 161, 164; mention of architectural authorities in, 165; as a polytechnical work, 175. ### [v2.c18.195](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.195) Bṛisha, a type of pavilion where Nandin is housed, 119. ### [v2.c18.196](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.196) Bṛihaspati, one of mythical authorities on which \*Mānasāra\* is stated to have been based, 34. ### [v2.c18.197](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.197) Buddha, his image described, 78-79; Hindu settlement at the time of, 183; effigies of, 185; as one of the ten incarnations of Vishṇu, 186, 190; temples and monasteries of the followers of, 191. ### [v2.c18.198](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.198) Buddha-charita, reference to monumental lamp pillars from, 68. ### [v2.c18.199](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.199) Buddha-ghosa, his explanations of the five kinds of Buddhist buildings, 10; his explanations of inner chambers, 12; of other architectural objects, 13, 14, 15, 16. ### [v2.c18.200](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.acharya-1927.v2.c18.200) Buddhism, treatment of, 185; monasteries associated with, 187; included in Vaishṇavism and tolerated, 190; declining state during the early Chalukya dynasty of, 191; rise of Hinduism during the early Guptas at the expense of, 192, 193. _First 200 of 1,381 passages. 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