[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [Architecture and art](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art) › [A Comparative Study of Some of the Leading Music Systems of the 15th, 16th, 17th & 18th Centuries](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.bhatkhande-comparative) › c12.18 # A Comparative Study of Some of the Leading Music Systems of the 15th, 16th, 17th & 18th Centuries c12.18 A Comparative Study of Some of the Leading Music Systems of the 15th, 16th, 17th & 18th Centuries c12.18 - **Language:** English ### [c12.18](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.bhatkhande-comparative.c12.18) Translation.—Having described the seven shuddha swaras in this way, I shall now mention the seven vikrita swaras in this way by their names. When shuddha gandhara takes the first sruti of 'ma' it becomes sadharana 'ga', and when it takes the second sruti of 'ma', it becomes antara 'ga'. - [Previous: c12.17](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.bhatkhande-comparative.c12.17) - [Next: c12.19](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.bhatkhande-comparative.c12.19) - [Up: c12](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.bhatkhande-comparative.c12) --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.bhatkhande-comparative.c12.18](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.bhatkhande-comparative.c12.18) · Pramāṇa