Early Indian Architecture: I. Cities and City-Gates, etc.; II. Bodhi-gharas c4: List of Figures
Early Indian Architecture: I. Cities and City-Gates, etc.; II. Bodhi-gharas c4
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- English
List of Figures
c4.1
*Full credits are provided in the separate lists and figure captions for each essay*
c4.2
| FIGURE | PAGE |
| **Introduction** | |
| *Frontispiece.* Rājīm, Rājīvalocana temple. Axonometric drawing (© Meister). | ii |
| Fig. 1. Coomaraswamy's drawing of the lotus-pedestal. | xxi |
| Fig. 2. Robert DeJager, Watercolor, "The Temple Stripped Bare" (© Meister). | xxii |
| Fig. 3. Rājīm, Rājīvalocana temple, separation of *kūṭas* (© Meister). | xxiv |
| Fig. 4. Rājīm, Rājīvalocana temple. Palatial structuring of the façade (© Meister). | xxv |
| Fig. 5. Ālampur, Viśva Brahmā temple. Kūṭinā implications of a Nāgara temple's façade (© Meister). | xxvi |
| Fig. 6. Robert DeJager, watercolor of a Nāgara *śikhara* (© Meister). | xxvii |
| **Early Indian Architecture, 1. Cities and City-Gates** | |
| Fig. A. Sketch of a gate-house, moat, and bridge, from a Sāñcī relief of Kapilavatthu. | 11 |
| Fig. B. Sketch of a gate-house, and buildings within the city-wall from an Amarāvatī relief. | 11 |
| Fig. C. Sketch of a city gate, from a Sāñcī relief of Kusinārā. | 13 |
| PLATE/FIG. | |
| 122. 1-3. Plans of a city gate, based on Kauṭilya's *Arthaśāstra* and early reliefs. | 2 |
| 123. 4-6. City gates, from Sāñcī reliefs: Kapilavatthu, Jetuttara, and Kusinārā. | 4 |
| 124. 7-11. City gates, from Mathurā and Sāñcī: Kusinārā, Jetuttara, Kosala, and Rājagaha. | 6 |
| 125. 12-17. City gates, from Sāñcī and Amarāvatī, including Rājagaha, Kusinārā, and Vārānasī. | 8 |
| 126. 18-19. Later city and fortress gates, Jaipur and Bījāpur. | 10 |
| 127. 20-21. Later city and fortress gates, Dabhoi and Gwalior. | 12 |
| **Early Indian Architecture, 2. Bodhi-gharas** | |
| 128. 22. Circular bodhi-ghara, from a Bharhut relief. | 14 |
| 129. 23-25. Bodhi-gharas, from Mathurā and Bharhut reliefs. | 18 |
| 130. 26-28. Bodhi-gharas, from Sāñcī reliefs: visits of Aśoka, deities, and the assault of Māra. | 20 |
| 131. 29-32. Bodhi-gharas, from Sāñcī, Mathurā, and Amarāvatī reliefs. | 22 |
| 132. 33-36. Bodhi-gharas, drawings based on the reliefs shown in figs. 24, 28, 30, and 32. | 24 |
| 133. 37-42. Bodhi-gharas, plans. | 26 |
c4.3
Early Indian Architecture, 3. Palaces
c4.4
| 92. 1-6. | Palaces, from Bharhut and Sāñcī reliefs. | 32 |
| 93. 7-10. | Palaces, from Sāñcī reliefs. | 34 |
| 94. 11-13. | Palaces, drawings based on Sāñcī, Mathurā, and Amarāvatī reliefs. | 36 |
| 95. 16. | Kondāne *caitya* hall, detail of the palatial façade. | 39 |
| 96. 17. | Kārli *caitya* hall, detail of the palatial façade. | 40 |
| 97. 18-20. | Bhājā *caitya* hall, façade; and pillars from a *caitya* hall at Beḍsā and a monastery at Junnār. | 42 |
| 98. 21-22. | The six Kāmāvacakra Devalokas and a pleasure palace, from Sāñcī reliefs. | 44 |
| 99. 23-26. | Drawings of palatial structures, from Mathurā, Amarāvatī, and Kāṭhiāwāṛ reliefs. | 46 |
| 100. 27-30. | Gaṇeśa, Arjuna, and Bhīma Rathas, and the Shore Temple, from Māmallapuram. | 49 |
| 101. 31-33. | Palace balconies, from an Amarāvatī relief; *kūṭāgāra*, from the vault-end of the Bhīma Ratha, Māmallapuram; and the Sat-Mahal-Pāsāda, Poḷonnāruva. | 50 |
| 102. 34-36. | Modern palace, Govardhana; detail of the Paraśurāmeśvara temple's *śikhara*, Bhuvaneśvara; and the Môt-Côt, Hanoi. | 52 |
| 103. 37-40. | Palace and house façades, from Jodhpur, Jaipur, and Gwalior. | 53 |
| 104. 41-43. | Palace scenes, from Amarāvatī, Bodhgayā, and Mathurā reliefs. | 54 |
| 105. 44-50. | Upper storeys of palaces, from Amarāvatī and Mathurā reliefs. | 56 |
| 106. 51-56. | Drawings of window-screens, from Bhājā and Naḍsūr, and palace-structures, from Bharhut and Bodhgayā reliefs. | 58 |
| 107. 57-60. | Cornices and architraves representing roof-elements, from Ajaṇṭā, Kāṭhiāwāṛ, and Sārnāth. | 60 |
| 108. 61-67. | Windows and *gavākṣa* motifs, drawings based on reliefs from Bharhut, Sāñcī, Bhitargaon, Sirpur, Deogaṛh, Mathurā, and Patna. | 62 |
| 109. 68-71. | Drawings of *gavākṣas*, from Amarāvatī, Bādāmī, and Ajaṇṭa; and the dome of the Coleśvara shrine of the Agastyeśvara temple, Mālappaluvār. | 64 |
| 110. 72-78. | *Gavākṣa*, *udgama*, and *jāla* motifs from Nagarī, Bodhgayā, Khilcipura, Kurari, Deogaṛh, Paṭṭadkal, and Bhuvaneśvara. | 66 |
| 111. 79-84. | Arches from Poḷonnāruva, Burdwān, Borobuḍūr, Pagān, Khodlā, and Gauṛ. | 68 |
c4.5
Indian Architectural Terms
c4.6
| Fig. 1. | Beḍsā, entrance to *caitya* hall, with "*hasti-nakha*" columns. | 81 |
| Fig. 2. | Ratha of Nakula and Sahadeva, Māmallapuram. | 82 |
c4.7
Early Indian Architecture, 4. Huts and Related Temple Types
c4.8
| Fig. A. | Portrait bust of Ananda K. Coomaraswamy by Arnold Ronnebeck (© Denver Art Museum). | 103 |
| Fig. B. | Drawing of a Buddhist temple of the Kuṣāṇa period, based on a terra-cotta plaque from Kumrahar (© AIIS, Varanasi). | 105 |
c4.10
| 1-2. | Drawings of Sudāma cave, Barābar, and a reed hut, from a Mathurā relief (Percy Brown). | 106 |
| 3-4. | Drawing of a circular fire temple, from an Amarāvatī relief (Fergusson); and a circular fire temple, hermit's hut, and Brahmanical *stūpa*, from a Sāñcī relief (© AIIS, Varanasi). | 107 |
| 5-6. | Domed structure, tree-shrine, and altar, from a Sāñcī relief; and a drawing of the "Sudhamma-devasabhā," from a Bharhut relief (© AIIS, Varanasi). | 108 |
| 7. | Relief showing the city of Kapilavastu, from a Sāñcī relief (© Meister). | 109 |
| 8-9. | Vihāras in the Jetavana garden, from Bhārhut (Cunningham) and Sāñcī reliefs (© AIIS, Varanasi). | 110 |
| 10-11. | Drawing of a terra-cotta roof-pinnacle, from Vaiśālī (© ASI), and a shrine model with finial, from the doorjamb of the Gupta temple at Deogarh (© Meister). | 111 |
| 12-13. | Paraśurāmeśvara temple, Bhuvaneśvara (© AIIS, Varanasi), and the Kandarīya-Mahādeva temple, Khajuraho (© Meister). | 112 |
| 14. | Modern desert hut, Juna (© Meister). | 113 |
| 15. | Kumrahar, terra-cotta plaque depicting a Kuṣāṇa-period temple (Coomaraswamy). | 114 |
| 16-17. | Drawings of domed shrines, from Gandhāra (Brown) and Amarāvatī reliefs (© AIIS, Varanasi). | 115 |
| 18-19. | Drawing of multistoreyed shrine, from a Ghaṇṭaśālā relief; and a pillared *sabhākhāra* pavilion, from a Sāñcī relief (© AIIS, Varanasi). | 116 |
| 20-21. | Drawing of a three-storeyed *sabhākhāra* shrine, from a Jaggayapeṭa relief; and a three-storeyed *gandhakuṭī*, from a Mathurā relief (© AIIS, Varanasi). | 117 |
| 22-24. | Drawings of a dome-shaped knob from Amarāvatī (© AIIS, Varanasi); domed structures from Uṇḍavallī (Longhurst); and a single-storeyed domed temple from the Gaṅgāvataraṇa relief at Māmallapuram (© AIIS, Varanasi). | 118 |
| 25. | Māmallapuram, Dharmarāja Ratha (© AIIS, Varanasi). | 119 |