[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [Architecture and art](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art) › [Town Planning in Ancient India](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.dutt-1925) › c12.s2.49 # Town Planning in Ancient India c12.s2.49 Town Planning in Ancient India c12.s2.49 - **Language:** English ### [c12.s2.49](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.dutt-1925.c12.s2.49) (7) Kārmuka :—It literally means a bow. Its shape is semi-circular or semi-elliptical like a bow and hence its name. The towns of the varieties of Paṭṭana, Kheṭa or Kharvaṭa are planned after this. The Paṭṭana has a preponderance of Vaiśyas; the Kheṭa is generally inhabited by traders and labourers; while the Kharvaṭa is inhabited by lower classes of people. The - [Previous: c12.s2.48](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.dutt-1925.c12.s2.48) - [Next: c12.s3.1](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.dutt-1925.c12.s3.1) - [Up: c12.s2](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.dutt-1925.c12.s2) --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.dutt-1925.c12.s2.49](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.dutt-1925.c12.s2.49) · Pramāṇa