[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [Architecture and art](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art) › [Town Planning in Ancient India](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.dutt-1925) › c3.25 # Town Planning in Ancient India c3.25 Town Planning in Ancient India c3.25 - **Language:** English ### [c3.25](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.dutt-1925.c3.25) Essentiality of circumvallation and surrounding ditches—Various kinds of fortifications—Classes of forts—Walls, their number, their shape, their measurements—Ramparts—Kauṭilya's particulars about fortification—Ditches and their construction, their dimensions—Sluices and mechanisms in the ditches—The bridges—The "gopuras" or gates, their allocation and denominations—The radical import of "gopura"—Shapes of towns; their advantages and disadvantages—Arteries of communication with the outlying regions—Pratical utility of the walls .... .... Page 70 - [Previous: c3.24](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.dutt-1925.c3.24) - [Next: c3.26](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.dutt-1925.c3.26) - [Up: c3](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.dutt-1925.c3) --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.dutt-1925.c3.25](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.dutt-1925.c3.25) · Pramāṇa