[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [Architecture and art](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art) › [Defence Architecture in Early North Karnataka](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.joshi-1981) › c19.s3.1 # Defence Architecture in Early North Karnataka c19.s3.1 Defence Architecture in Early North Karnataka c19.s3.1 - **Language:** English ### [c19.s3.1](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.joshi-1981.c19.s3.1) In the fifth stage i.e. the last stage of our study, we have two distinct developments in the fort architecture. One is more traditional but better carefully planned (Fig.58), as represented in the fort in Vijayanagara (i.e. Hampi), the other is much different and shows a considerably distinct and noteworthy changes especially in the use of materials (Fig. 67) and in planning the gateways. - [Previous: c19.s2.8](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.joshi-1981.c19.s2.8) - [Next: c19.s3.2](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.joshi-1981.c19.s3.2) - [Up: c19.s3](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.joshi-1981.c19.s3) ## Linked texts (2) - [Hampi](https://indike.org/pramana/inp.site.hampi) - [Vijayanagara](https://indike.org/pramana/inp.site.vijayanagara) --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.joshi-1981.c19.s3.1](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.art.joshi-1981.c19.s3.1) · Pramāṇa