The Coinage of the Gupta Empire and its Imitations c21: Appendix IV: Index to Types and Motifs
The Coinage of the Gupta Empire and its Imitations c21
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Appendix IV: Index to Types and Motifs
c21.2
Altar, Samudragupta offering sacrifice on altar, 47. —— horse standing on a low platform or altar, 63. —— small altar under the horse, 67. —— on copper coins of Kumāragupta I, 238-9. —— on silver coins of Skandagupta, 254-5.
c21.3
Ambikā, seated facing on couchant lion with noose in r. hand and lotus in left, 111-3. —— as above, but right hand empty, 113. —— seated to left astride on lion with raised head, r. hand holding flower and l. hand hanging empty by her side, 114; 116. —— seated facing on lion walking to r. with noose in r. hand and lotus in l., 115. —— seated facing on couchant lion with noose in r. hand and cornucopiæ in l., 114. —— seated facing l., on lion walking to l. with noose in r. hand and lotus in l., 116-7. —— seated facing, but face turned to l. Pl. VI. 1. —— seated facing l., with her l. foot dangling over the head of the lion walking l., r. hand holding noose and l. hand resting empty on waist, 117. —— seated facing on couchant lion, scattering coins by r. hand, l. hand holding lotus, 188. —— as above, but right hand bent up and empty, 188. —— as above, but reclining on l. arm resting on waist and holding a lotus flower in r. hand, 187. —— as above, but holding a noose in r. hand and a lotus treated as a cornucopiæ in l., 189. —— as above, but holding some indistinct object in r. hand and lotus in l. 189.
c21.4
Ambikā, as above, holding garland or rosary in r. hand., and lotus with long stalk in l., 190.
c21.5
*Apratigha* type, *Pratāpa* type not its correct name, 207; general description, 207-10; coins of the type, 210. Mahāyāna meaning of *apratigha*, 338.
c21.6
Archer type of Budhagupta, mistaken for that of Purugupta, 275; coins described, 277; coins without *Budha* under arm, 278. —— type of Chandragupta II; distribution in museums 91; most popular, 91; genearl description, 92-3; five varieties of class I, 93-5; sixteen varieties of class II, 96-9; cions illustrated 88-105; with heavy weight, 104; with *Chandragupta* on reverse, 101; with *Chandra* under r. arm, 102; without arrow, 102; *Chandra* between the bow and the bow-string, 103; without *Chandra* under arm, 103; with *gupta* written outside the arrow, 104; on gold-coated copper coins, 341. —— type of Ghaṭotkacha, 164-6. —— type of Jayanāga, 332; his identity, 330-1. —— type of Kumāragupta I, 168-9; classes I-IV, 170-4; in copper, 237. —— type of Kumāragupta II, 273. —— type of Kumāragupta III, 274-5. —— type of Narasiṃhagupta I, 270. —— type of Narasiṃhagupta II, 271. —— type of Pṛthuvīra, 335-7. —— type of Samāchāradeva, 327. —— type of Samudragupta, 54; coins of thi s type in Bharsar hoard, 54; coins in different museums, 63; general description and classes, 55-6. —— type of Samudragupta II (?), 340-341. —— type of Skandagupta, lighter and heavier varieties, 243-4. —— type of Vainyagupta, 281. —— type of Viṣṇugupta, 280. —— type, rude and later imitations of, 333-6.
c21.7
Ardoksho, 29. Aśvamedha type of Kumāragupta I, 200-3; two coins of Var. A, 201; two coins of variety B, 202. —— of Samudragupta, 20-1; general description and discussion, 20, 61-7; discussion of legend, 55; specimens in different museums, 62; with medallions on two straps of the horse, 338-9. Ayudhapurusha, 147. Battle-axe type of Samudragupta; its general description, classes and varieties, 57-61; with peacock on reverse (?), 349; specimens in different museums, 57. Bow not being strung, 113; 343 being strung by l. hand, 107. Bull on the gold coins of Śaśāṅka, 329. —— on the silver coins of Skandagupta, 262. —— on the gold coins of Virasena, 324. Bull standard on the coins of Samāchāradeva, 327. Bust of Chandragupta II on silver coins, 153-4; on copper coins, 158-60. —— of Bhīmarāja, 318. —— of Harikānta (?) 322. —— of Jayagupta, 322. —— of Kumāragupta on silver coins, 219-233. —— with Kshatrapa features, 218-226. —— of Skandagupta on silver coins, 251-260. —— on obverse, and field entirely covered by Chandra, 348; doubtfully attributed to Chandragupta II, 349. Chakra type in copper, of Chandragupta II, 160. Chakradhvaja type of Kācha, 87-9. —— type of Jayanāga, 332. Chakravikrama type of Chandragupta II, 145-150. Chakrapurusha, 147. Chaitya type (?), 258-261. Chakra in upper field, 100. Chandra under l. arm, see Chandragupta II standing to l. —— under r. arm, 103.
c21.8
*Chandra* in field, on right, 112. —— under l. arm and Gupta outside the standard, 33-36. Chandragupta II, riding to l. on fully caparisoned horse without weapons, 123-4. —— riding to l. with sword, 125. —— riding to l. with bow, 124. —— riding to r. without weapons, 125-6. —— seated on couch and offering lotus buds, 147. —— seated on couch and holding flower, 136. —— standing to l. and extending his right hand to receive divine gift from Chakrapurusha in front, 146. —— standing to left, holding bow in l. hand and arrow in r., Garuḍa standard on l., 93-99. —— as above, but drawing an arrow from a quiver in front, 103. —— as above, but without Garuḍa standard, in copper, 157. —— as above, but having a whip hanging by his side, 100-1. —— as above, but with a sword hanging by his side, 101. —— as above, but with bow in l. hand and arrow in r. 101. —— standing facing right with bow in l. hand and arrow in r., 102. —— as above, but bow held at the middle, 103. —— standing offering oblations on altar by r. hand, l. hand resting on the sheath of the sword, with dwarf holding umbrella over him, 129 ff. —— standing l. r. hand raised up, 157. —— standing l. but looking r. with bow and arrow, 100. —— standing to l. and shooting with bow at lion in front, 111.
c21.9
Chandragupta II, standing to r. and as above, 113. —— standing to right and trampling on the lion which he is shooting; 115-118. —— standing to left and as above, 114-5. —— standing to left and shooting at retreating lion, 119. —— standing to l., but not stringing the bow, 343. —— standing to r. and as above, 119. —— standing to r. but not stringing the bow, and attacking with the sword, 120. —— standing to r. and kicking the lion on its back, 120.
c21.10
*Chashāla*, 65. *Chhatra* type not issued by Chandragupta I, 127. —— of Chandragupta II in gold, 22; general description and discussion, 127-30; classes I and II and their varieties, 126-133. —— in copper, 156-7. —— of Harigupta, 320. —— of Kumāragupta I, 206-7; in copper, 236-7; 350. —— of Kramāditya (Skandagupta), 247-8; issued by Ghaṭotkacha (?) 248; one coin of the type described, 248-9.
c21.11
Cluster of dots, between feet, 27; on reverse, 250. Cornucopiae, 15; 33; 41; 55-6; 59; 76; 88; 93-5; 114-5; 174; 189; 195. Couch type of Chandragupta II, general description of the type, 133-35; its five varieties, 136-8. Conch in the field, 172. Crescent in the upper field, 99; 162. Crescent standard, 32; 58; 70; 192. Dattadevī, the chief queen, standing to l. holding *chouri*, 67. Dots, three, in field, 231. Elephant giving bath to Lakshmī, 329; 332. Elephant-rider type of Kumāragupta I, 194-5.
c21.12
Elephant-rider lion-slayer type of Kumāragupta I, 195-7. Fan-tailed peacock on silver coins, 229-32; 318; 322; 323; 339. Gaṅgā standing to l. on *makara*, holding lotus in l. hand and stretching out the r. which is empty, 72. —— standing on *makara*, left hand empty, r. hand pointing out to some object, a female attendant holding an umbrella over her, 198-200. Garuḍa with outstretched wings, 153-4; 213. —— with human hands, 156. —— without human hands, 151; 156; 158-60. —— on *repousse* coins, 215. —— on silver coins, 220; 251-2. —— standing facing on Jayagupta's coins, 323. Garuḍadhvaja on the Standrad type of Samudragupta, 47. —— on the coins of Kācha, var. B, 89. —— on the Archer type of Chandragupta II, all varieties, 93 ff. —— on the Archer type of Kumāragupta I, all varieties 169 ff. —— On the *Apratigha* type of Kumāragupta I, 208. —— on the Archer and the King-and-Queen types of Skandagupta, 243; 246. —— on the Archer type of Ghaṭotkacha, 264. —— ” ” ” Kumāragupta II, 270. —— ” ” ” Budhagupta, 273. —— ” ” ” Viṣṇugupta, 277. —— ” ” ” Vainyagupta, 280. —— ” ” ” Jayagupta, 282. —— on later imitations, 336. Ghaṭotkacha, standing l. and holding bow and arrow, 264, weight of his coins, 354. Goddess seated on wicker stool to l. with noose in r. hand and lotus in l., 123-4; 179. —— seated as above with noose in r. hand and cornucopiae in l. 26-7; noose appearing as peacock's neck, 179.
c21.13
Goddess as above but scattering coins by r. hand, 126. —— as above, holding lotus with long stalk in r. hand, l. one being empty, and resting on waist, 178-9. —— as above, but holding noose in r. hand and lotus in l., 179. —— as above, but holding a flower in r. hand. 177. —— as above, holding lotus in l. hand resting on waist and feeding peacock with grapes by r. hand, 180-2. —— as above, but grapes in the bunch are few, 181-2. Goddess standing to l. holding flower in r. hand and noose in l., 88. —— as above, but noose in r. hand, 89. Goddess standing to l. on *makara*, holding lotus in l. hand and feeding peacock in front by r., 192-4. Goddess standing three-fourths to r. but looking back to l. and offering by r. hand some object to peacock, l. hand resting on waist and holding lotus, 196-7. Goddess seated on high-backed throne, 21. Goddess seated facing on lion to r. holding noose in r. hand and cornucopiæ in l. 34-5. —— as above, but lion to l., 34-5. —— seated on high-backed throne with noose in r. hand and cornucopiæ in l., 48-51; 55-6; 141. Goddess Lakshmī (?) seated on throne with noose in r. hand and cornucopiæ in l., 94-5. —— as above, but lotus in l. hand, 94; 95; 281. —— as above, with cornucopiae in l. hand and scattering coins by r., 94. —— as above, r. hand opened out and empty, l. hand holding lotus, 94. Goddess eight-armed standing, 336. —— two-armed standing, 336. —— standing, facing, with garland in l. hand and lotus in r., 344. Gupta outside the arrow, 104.
c21.14
Harigupta standing, dwarf holding umbrella over him, 320. Horse, bare, standing to l. before *Yūpa*, with penon flying over it, 63; 67-9; 202-3. Horse caparisoned, standing to right, as above, 201-2. Horse, small, on obverse, 333; 336. Horseman type of Chandragupta II, 22; its specimens in different museums, 121; its description and discussion, 121-3; three varieties of class I, Horseman to l., 123-5; two varieties of class II, Horseman to r., 126-7; a 3rd variety of class II, 344. ———— type of Kumāragupta I, general description, 174-7; each variety has a distinctive feature, 174; three varieties of class I, Horseman to l., 178-80; four varieties of class II, Horseman to r., 180-3; 5th variety of this class, 350; in copper, 353. ———— type of Skandagupta, 249. Horseman-Lion-slayer type of Prakāśāditya, 283-5. Jeveline type, 41. Jayanāga standing, l., holding bow in the l. hand and arrow in the r., 332. Kācha, standing as above, and holding *Chakradhvaja* in the l. hand and offering oblations by the r., 87. *Kalaśa* type, in copper, of Chandragupta II, 161. ———— Harigupta, 316. Kārtikeya, nimbate, standing three-fourths to l. on a platform, with spear in l. hand over the shoulder, and offering oblations on altar, 205. ———— facing, 206. King and Lakshmī type of Skandagupta, 244-7. King and Queen type of Chandragupta I, 18; 28-35. ———— type of Kumāragupta I, 212-3. ———— type of Skandagupta, 244-6. King and Queen on couch type of Chandragupta II, king offering a present to the queen, 138-140; 345-7; its legend, 345-8.
c21.15
*Kṛi* under the l. arm, 60.
c21.16
*Ku* under the l. arm, 168; 171-3.
c21.17
— in the field, 193.
c21.18
*Kumāra* under l. arm, 168; 170.
c21.19
— outside the bow, 168; 170-1.
c21.20
*Kumāradevī* standing to l. and receiving a present from Chandragupta I, 32.
c21.21
*Kumāragupta I*, riding on elephant marching left, an attendant holding and umbrella over him, 194.
c21.22
— riding on elephant marching r., which is trampling on a lion by l. front foot, 196-7.
c21.23
— riding on a well-caparisoned horse to r., with no weapons, 178.
c21.24
— riding as above, but holding bow in r. hand, 175.
c21.25
— as above but holding bow in l. hand, 176.
c21.26
— as above, but holding bow in l. hand and sword in r., 182.
c21.27
— riding on caparisoned horse to l. holding bow in r. hand and sword hanging by his side, 181.
c21.28
— riding to r., 182.
c21.29
— riding to r. and attacking a rhinoceros in his front by a sword, 198 ff., 351.
c21.30
— sitting on couch to l. playing on lute, 211.
c21.31
— standing to l., holding bow at the top in l. hand and arrow in the r., *Kumāra* being under l. arm, 170.
c21.32
— as above, but without legend, copper, 237.
c21.33
— as above, but holding bow by the middle, string outside, *Kumāra* being outside the bow-string, 170.
c21.34
— standing to l. bow being held at the top and *Ku* being under the l. arm, 171.
c21.35
— standing as above, with no letter under l. arm, 173.
c21.36
— standing to l. offering oblations on altar by r. hand, l. hand resting on sword, 184.
c21.37
Kumāragupta as above, but l. hand resting on hip, 237. —————standing to l. holding bow in l. hand and arrow in r., in copper, 237. —————standing to r. and shooting at lion by bow, 187-190. —————standing to l., and the rest as above, 187; 190. —————standing to r. and trampling upon the lion which he shoots with an arrow, 189. —————standing to l. and shooting a tiger by an arrow and trampling upon it by foot, crescent-topped banner being between him and the tiger, 192. —————standing to l. and feeding a peacock with a bunch of fruits held in right hand, l. hand hanging by the side, 204-5. —————standing to l., and offering oblations on altar, dwarf holding an umbrella over his head, 206; in copper, 236. —————standing to l. and offering bunch of flowers to queen standing before him, 212-3. —————standing facing in non-royal dress, hands folded on waist, with a male on his right holding a Garuḍa banner in r. hand and a shield in the l. and a female on his r. with her r. hand raised up in an attitude of argumentation; 208-10.
c21.38
Lakshmi, seated on lotus, noose in r. hand and lotus in l., on copper coins, 158. —————seated on lotus, noose in r. hand and lotus in l. resting on thigh, 99; 101; 103; 324. —————as above, but l. hand stretched out, 99. —————as above, but l. hand resting on knee, 100; 102; 171; 285. —————as above, being given bath by one elephant, 332. —————as above, but l. hand akimbo, 101; 173. —————as above, but l. hand resting at the waist, 101.
c21.39
Lakshmi as above, but both hands stretched out, 103-4. —— as above, but both hands bent up and raised, noose in r. hand and lotus in l. 105; 170. —— as above, but r. hand empty and lotus in l. hand, 101. —— as above, elephant giving her bath, 329. —— as above, but both hands resting on knees, Pl. IV. 11 —— as above, but r. hand scattering coins, 172-3. —— as above, flower in r. hand, l. hand empty on thigh, 172. —— as above, r. hand empty and lotus in l., conch in field, 172. —— as above, flower in r. hand bent up, and cornucopiæ in l., 174. —— as above, but l. foot rests on lotus, and r. one hangs down, 101. —— (?) seated on throne holding noose in r. hand and cornucopiae in l., legs resting on lotus, 60. —— as above, but lotus bud in l. hand, 59-61. —— as above, but lotus under feet completely covering the throne, 60. —— as above, but lotus in l. hand and noose in r., 61. —— seated on throne, feet resting on lotus, lotus in l. hand, r. hand being empty, 136. —— as above, but noose in r. hand, 137. —— standing three-fourths to l. on lotus, with noose in r. hand and lotus in l., 129. —— as above, but with both hands stretched out, 131. —— standing on pedestal, 131. —— standing on pedestal, but about to descend, 131. —— standing on a mat with noose in r. hand and lotus in l., 132. —— as above, but l. hand hanging empty, 132. —— walking to left with noose in r. hand and lotus in l., 132. —— walking to l. but legs not crossing, 345.
c21.40
Lakshmi running to l., 133. —— standing three-fourths to l. on lotus, r. hand finger pointing out to some object, l. hand holding a lotus, 146. Line between the goddess and the legend on the reverse, 76; 119; 125; 138. Lion-combatant type, see Lion-slayer type. Lion-slayer type of Chandragupta II; its specimens in different museums, 105; class I, Lion-combatant, its five varieties, 111-3; class II, Lion-trampler, its ten varieties; 114-8; class III, Lion-retreating, its five varieties, 119-21; two new varieties of class II, 343-4. Lion-slayer type of Kumāragupta I, general description, 185-7; class I, Lion-combatant, its four varieties, 187-9; class II, Lion-trampler, its two varieties; 189-190. Lion-trampler type, see Lion-slayer type. Lotus, conventional, in field, 220-1. Lute, varieties of, 73-4. Lyrist type of Kumāragupta I, 211-5. —— type of Samudragupta, 20; specimens in different museums, 73; description and discussion, 73-7. Madhyadeśa type in silver, 228-30; 257-8. Makara, see under Gaṅgā. Margin between circular legend and border of dots, 231-2. Moon, full, 329. Narasimhagupta standing l., and holding arrow in r. hand and bow in l., 270; clay moulds of his coins, 355. Paraśu, see under Battle-axe. Peacock, facing r. being fed by goddess on wicker stool, 180 ff. —— being fed by king, 204-5. —— being fed by goddess standing, 204 ff. —— type, 203-6. Peacock, fan-tailed, on silver coins of Bhīmarāja, 318. —— —— —— —— of Harikānta, 322. —— —— —— —— of Skandagupta, 279.
c21.41
Penon flying over the horse, see under Aśvamedha. Prakāśāditya on horseback, attacking lion, 255; 354; letters under the horse, u, ru and ma, 255; 354. Pratāpa type, a wrong name, 207. Prithuvira standing and offering sacrifice, 336-7. Queen receiving gift from king, 32; 213. —————— seated on couch, 140; 347-8. Queen standing left holding chouri over l. shoulder in r. hand, left hand hanging by her side with a towel, 67-69. Rājadaṇḍa type, 41. Rājalīlā type of Samāchāradeva, 327. Repousse type, not of Kumāragupta I, 213-5. Rhinoceros type of Kumāragupta I, 197-200; 351. Samāchāradeva, standing to l. bow in l. hand and arrow in r., 327. Samudra under l. arm, 47-50; 59. Samudra under l. arm and gupta outside the standard staff, 54; 60. Samudra between king and attendant and Gupta under l. arm of the king, 60. Samudragupta seated cross-legged on couch playing on lute, 73; 76. —————— standing to l. holding standard or sceptre or spear in l. hand and offering oblations by r. 43 ff. —————— standing to l., battle-axe in l. hand, r. hand resting on hip, dwarf before him, crescent-topped banner between them, 59; standing to r., the rest as before, 61. Samudragupta standing to l. shooting tiger with arrow while trampling upon him, crescent-topped banner before the king, 70-1. —————— standing to l. with bow in l. hand and arrow in r., 65 ff. Śaṅkhadhvaja, 333; 336. Sarasvatī with haṃsa on Samāchāradeva’s coins, 328.
c21.42
Si, letter, on the Aśvamedha and Lyrist types of Samudragupta, 63, 74. —— on the reverse of the Horseman type of Chandragupta II, 359. Śiva type of Śaśāṅka, 329. Śivaliṅga, 43. Skandagupta, riding a horse to left, 250, —— standing to l. holding bow and arrow, 242-3. —— standing to l. and offering sacrifice, dwarf holding an umbrella over him, —— standing to r. before Lakshmī in his front, 246. Standard type of Chandragupta II, 19; 141-3. Standard type of Samudragupta, 19; discussion of the name, 41-2, its Indianisation, 42, its distribution in different museums, 40; seven varieties of class I, 48-51; class II, 51; class III, 52; with king facing r., a non-existing variety, 52-3. Standard type of Samudragupta, with biruda Vikrama, 44. —— of Samudragupta, its imitation by a Scythian feudatory, 45. Standard type of Chandragupta II, issued by a Kushāṇa feudatory, 143-5. Straps with medallions, 339. Sūchi, 66; 202. Swordsman type of Kumāragupta I, 183-5. Tiger-slayer type of Kumāragupta I, general description, 190-2; variety A and variety B, 193-194. Tiger-slayer type of Samudragupta, 20; not issued when a feudatory, 71; specimens in different museums, 70; general description and specimens, 71-2. Towel in queen’s hand, 67; 202. Trident type of Kumāragupta, 226-8. Tulasi-vṛindāvana, 43; 254-5. Vainyagupta, standing to l. and holding bow and arrow, 282. Vase type, see under Kalaśa type. Vedi, 63. Vishṇugupta standing to l. and holding bow and arrow, 280. Yūpa, its main features, 64-5.