Indische Palaographie von circa 350 a. Chr. – circa 1300 p. Chr. c22: VII. Indo-Parthian Coins
Indische Paläographie von circa 350 a. Chr. – circa 1300 p. Chr. c22
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VII. Indo-Parthian Coins
c22.1
§ 61. Date of I.-P. Dynasty. — The Indo-Parthian dynasty, the best-known member of which is *Gondophares*, seems to have succeeded the dynasty of Vonones in Kandahar and Seistan, and to have, at one period, extended its territories eastwards into the W.Panjab and Sind, which at an earlier date, formed the kingdom of Maues (v. sup. § 29; C.NChr. 1890, p. 122). With regard to the chronological limits — (1) the foundation of the dynasty seems to be after 1 B.C. (VON GUTSCH. Gesch. Ir. p. 134); and (2) the date of one of the latest kings, *Sanabares*, after 77 A.D. (VON SALLET, ZfN. 1879, p. 364). For a coin bearing the name of Aspavarma (v. sup. § 34), which seems to join in some manner as yet unexplained the two branches represented by Gondophares and Azes (§ 31) v. RODGERS, NChr. 1896, p. 268.
c22.2
GARD., Parthian Coinage p. 46 (v. also DROUIN, Rev. Num. 1895, p. 46) makes Sanabares contemporary with Phraataces c. B.C. 3 — A.D. 4. This, however, depends on the reading of a date ΓIT, Seleucid era 313 = A.D. 1, on a coin of Sanabares (TH. Sassanian Inscr. 1868, p. 121); and MARKOFF, Zapiski Russian Asiatic Society 1892, p. 297 (v. also NChr. 1893, p. 218) has shown that this reading cannot be supported.
c22.3
§ 62. Gondophares. — The date 21 A.D. as the first year of the reign Gondophares has been obtained from his Takht-i-Bahi inscr. by regarding the year 103 as Vikrama samvat.
c22.4
C.NChr. 1890, p. 118; MARKOFF, Russ. As. Soc. 1892, p. 293, rev. DROUIN, Rev. Num. 1893, p. 119, and RAPSON, NChr. 1893, p. 217.
c22.5
Whether this procedure be justifiable or not, the result well agrees with evidence derived from the epigraphy of the Greek legends of the coins (GARD. p. XLVI) and with other indications.
c22.6
For the coins of this dynasty: GARD. p. 103, Pll. XXII. XXIII; VON SALLET, ZfN. 1880, p. 296; 1881, p. 111; C.NChr. 1890, p. 158, Pll. XIII. XIV; MARKOFF, op. cit. Pl. IV, 25—31; PE. II, p. 215. Coin of Abdagases with portion of Kharosthi inscr. written from left to right: HOERNLE, Proc. BA. 1895, p. 83. For the identification of Gondophares with the Gundophorus of the apocryphal Acts of St. Thomas: VON GUTSCH., N. Rhein. Mus. f. Philol. XIX, p. 161; cp. also Gesch. Ir. p. 134; GARD. p. XLIII; PE. II, p. 214.
c22.7
§ 63. Wrongly attributed coins. — The term *Indo-Parthian* has also been applied by TH. (JRAS. 1870, p. 503 = NChr. 1870, p. 139 = with additions, ASWI. 1874—75 "Kāthiāwāḍ and Kacch", p. 52 = Dynasty of Guptas &c. p. 37) to certain thin coins of Sassanian fabric, which are more probably to be attributed to some dynasty — perhaps the Ephthalites or their Turkish conquerors — reigning in territory to the north of India and at a period not earlier than the middle of the 6^th cent. A. D.
c22.8
RAPSON, NChr. 1896, p. 246. Cp. also MARKOFF, Russ. As. Soc. 1892, p. 298, Pl. IV, 32. 33 (rev. Rev. Num. 1893, p. 130; and NChr. 1893, p. 219). For the epigraphy: DROUIN, JA. 1891 (XVII), p. 148 == Rev. Num. 1891, p. 222.