Indian Palaeography c17.s9: Siam
Indian Palaeography c17.s9
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Siam
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Three early inscriptions from Siam have been published. Pl. XXII. 11 is taken from the Pra Pathom inscription, which is in the Mon language; Pl. XXII. 10 is derived from the Srideb inscription; and Pl. XXII. 12 from the Vat Maheyang inscription; both the latter are in Sanskrit. The characters used in all of them are similar. No. 10 is in the sixth-century style of South-east Asia, showing the Pallava forms of the letters and the medial vowels, with the only difference that it does not favour ornamental extensions. The inscription may be placed in the first half of the sixth century a.d. Nos. 11 and 12 prefer the ornamental style, especially remarkable for the extended length of the verticals of the medials on the right. In no. 10 the medial *au* has been read as *o*, and the initial *o* as *u*. Here the initial *a* has a short curve at the end of the right vertical, and the hook on the left has its tip turned outwards. No. 11 has *i* with a tail below the notched roof. *Ka* is of two types—one with its lower vertical almost doubled, and the other in which the vertical is equal in length to the bends of the central bar. *Ṇa* shows a loop at the left corner of the open-mouthed form, and the subscript *ya* is of the ornamental type as in the inscriptions of Pūrṇavarman. Except for the last form, which is probably due to the preference for ornamentation, other features place the inscription in the first half of the seventh century a.d.
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Coedès, Georges, 'Fouilles en Cochinchine — Le site de Go Oc-èo, Ancien Port du Royaume de Fou-nan', *Artibus Asiae*, ẋ. 193–9, pls. C and D. Malleret, Louis, 'Aperçu de la glyptique de Oc-èo', *B.E.F.E.O.* xliv. 189–99, pl. 4.
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The following inscriptions follow the arrangement of the plates.
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Plate XX
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*Indo-China* 2. (i) Inscription of My-son (no. 1) of Bhadravarman, *B.E.F.E.O.* ii. 188–9 and pls. A and B.
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¹ (i) Nha Trang (Vo-Canh) inscription of Śrīmāra in *Inscriptions sanscrites de Campā et du Cambodge*, by Abel Bergaigne, Paris, 1893, no. xx, pp. 16–17, pl. XX.
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3. (i) Inscription of Hon-cuc (recording the name of Bhadreśvara-svāmi), ibid. ii. 187 and plate.
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4. (i) Inscription of Cho Dinh of Dharmmamahārāja Bhadravarman in Bergaigne, op. cit., no. xxi, p. 26, and pl. XXI.
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5. (i) COEDÈS, G. 'La plus ancienne inscription en langue cham — inscription rupestre de Dong-yen-chau', in *A Volume of Eastern and Indian Studies presented to F. W. Thomas*, Bombay, pp. 46–49 and plate.
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6. (i) Stele of Sambhuvarman of Mi-son (My-son no. 2), *B.E.F.E.O.* iii. 210–11 and plate.
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7. (i) Thap-Muoi Inscription of Guṇavarman, ibid. xxxi. 5–6 and pls. III and IV.
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8. (i) Ta Prohm Inscription of Rudravarman, ibid., pp. 9–11 and pl. V.
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9. (i) Phnom Banteai Neang inscription of Śrī Bhavavarman in A. Barth, *Inscriptions sanscrites du Cambodge*, Paris 1895, p. 28.
(ii) Tham Prasat inscription de Mahendravarman, *B.E.F.E.O.* xxxi, pl. I and also see ibid. iii. 445.
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10. (i) Han Chey inscription of Bhavavarman in Barth, op. cit., pp. 13–16, and pls. 1 and 2.
(ii) Inscription of Phnom Prah Vihar of Bhavavarman, in G. Coedès, *Inscriptions du Cambodge*, i. (Hanoi, 1937, 4.)
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11. (i) Bayang inscription, dated Śaka 524 and 546, in Barth, op. cit., pp. 34–36 and pl. 3, no. V.
(ii) Vat Chakret inscription of Iśānavarman, dated Śaka 548, in ibid., pp. 40–41 and pl. 3, no. VI.
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12. (i) Ang Pou inscription of the time of Iśānavarman, in ibid., p. 49 and pl. 4, no. VIII.
(ii) Ang Chumnik inscription of the time of Jayavarman, dated Śaka 550, in ibid., pp. 55–57 and pls. 4 and 5, no. IX.
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13. (i) Ang Chumnik inscription of Jayavarman, dated Śaka 589, in ibid., pp. 66–68, pl. 6, no. XI.
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PLATE XXI
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*Borneo*
1. (i) VOGEL, J. PH. 'The Yūpa Inscriptions of King Mūlavarman from Koetei', *Bijdragen*, lxxiv, 222 ff. and plates.
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*Western Java* The following four inscriptions are published by J. Ph. Vogel in *Publicaties van den Oudheidkundigen dienst in Nederlandsch-Indïe*—i, Batavia, 1925:
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2. (i) Ci-Aruton rock inscription, p. 22.
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3. (i) Jambu rock inscription, p. 25.
(ii) Kebon Kopi rock inscription, p. 27.
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4. (i) Tugu rock inscription, p. 32.
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*Central Java*
5. (i) Het Sanskrit inschrift van Tuk Mas, in H. Kern, *Verspreide Geschriften*, 1917, (Martinus Nijhoff), p. 204.
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6. (i) De Sanskrit inscriptie van Canggal (Kāḍu), int 654 Śaka, ibid., pp. 118–20.
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*Malaya*
7. (i) Kedah site no. 10 inscribed discs, *Journal of the Malayan Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society*, xviii, pt. i, pls. 35 and 36.
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8. (i) Kedah site no. 1 stone inscription, ibid., p. 7 and pl. 6.
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9. (i) Kedah site no. 2 tablet inscription, ibid., p. 8 and pl. 8.
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10. (i) Stone inscription of *Mahānāvika* Buddhagupta, *J.A.S.B.*, 1935, pl. 3.
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*Sumatra*
11. (i) Inscription of Kedukan Bukit (Palembang), dated Śaka 605, *B.E.F.E.O.*, xxx. 34 and pl. II.
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12. (i) Inscription of Kota Kapur (Bangka), dated Śaka 608, ibid., pp. 47–48 and pl. VI.
(ii) Inscription of Talang Tuwo (Palembang), dated Śaka 60, ibid., pp. 39–40 and pl. III.
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PLATE XXII
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*Burma*
1. (i) Inscription on bell from Vesali, Arakan, E. H. Johnston, ‘Some Sanskrit Inscriptions of Arakan’, *B.S.O.A.S.* xi. 382, pl. IV. 1.
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2. (i) Stone inscription from Sandoway, E. H. Johnston, op. cit., p. 383, pl. IV. 2.
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3. (i) Hmawza inscription (only Sanskrit words), *Inscriptions of Burma*, University of Rangoon Publication, Oxford, 1956, portfolio, no. IV, pl. CCCLVI*a*.
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4. (i) Hmawza inscription (only Pyu words), ibid.
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5. (i) BLAGDEN, C. O. ‘The Pyu Inscriptions’, *Ep. Ind.* xii. 127–32.
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⁶ (i) Pyu inscription from Halingyi, *Inscriptions of Burma*, University of Rangoon Publication, Oxford, 1956, portfolio, no. IV, pl. CCCLVII*b*.
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7. (i) Pyu face of Myazedi inscription, *Ep. Birmanica*, i, pt. i, 62–63 and plate
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8. (i) Maunggun gold plates, *Ep. Ind.*, v. 101.
(ii) Kyundawzu gold plate inscription, *An. Rep. A.S.I.*, 1928–29, p. 109, pl. LI.
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9. (i) Kawgun cave inscription, *Inscriptions of Burma*, University of Rangoon Publication, Oxford, 1956, portfolio, no. IV, pl. CCCLV*b*.
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*Siam*
10. (i) Srideb inscription, *J.A.S.B.*, 1935, pl. VI.
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¹¹ (i) COEDÈS, G. 'À propos de deux fragments d'inscription récemment découverts à Pra Pathom (Thailand)', *Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-lettres*, Paris, 1952, pp. 27–31 and plate.
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¹² (i) Inscription de Vāt Maheyang, no. XXVII, pl. XXI, and pp. 51–53, in G. Coedès, *Recueil des inscriptions du Siam*, ii.