[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [Archaeology, epigraphy and coins](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.epigraphy) › [Early Tamil Epigraphy: From the Earliest Times to the Sixth Century A.D.](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.epigraphy.mahadevan-2003) › c27.s45 # Early Tamil Epigraphy: From the Earliest Times to the Sixth Century A.D. c27.s45: 7.41 Sentences with participial nouns as verbs Early Tamil Epigraphy: From the Earliest Times to the Sixth Century A.D. c27.s45 - **Language:** English ## Contents - [c27.s45.t1 7.41.1 In subject-object-verb order](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.epigraphy.mahadevan-2003.c27.s45.t1) — 1 part - [c27.s45.t2 7.41.2 In object-verb-subject order](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.epigraphy.mahadevan-2003.c27.s45.t2) — 1 part - [c27.s45.t3 7.41.3 In subject-verb order (object to be inferred from the context)](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.epigraphy.mahadevan-2003.c27.s45.t3) — 1 part - [c27.s45.t4 7.41.4 In verb-subject order (object to be inferred from the context)](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.epigraphy.mahadevan-2003.c27.s45.t4) — 1 part ### 7.41 Sentences with participial nouns as verbs ### [c27.s45.1](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.epigraphy.mahadevan-2003.c27.s45.1) | No. | Subject | Object | Verb | ### 7.41.1 In subject-object-verb order ### [c27.s45.t1.1](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.epigraphy.mahadevan-2003.c27.s45.t1.1) | 7. | . . . veḷiyaṉ | muḻākai | koṭupitōṉ | | | veḷiyaṉ | cave | he who caused to be given | | | '. . . Veḷiyaṉ . . . caused to be given the cave.' | | | | 9. | . . . par-acu | uṟai | koṭṭupitōṉ | | | paracu | abode | he who caused to be carved | | | 'Paracu . . . caused to be carved the abode . . .' | | | | 13. | . . . piṭaṉ | itta | vepōṉ | | | piṭṭaṉ | this -accusative | he who endows | | | '. . . Piṭṭaṉ . . . has endowed this.' | | | ### 7.41.2 In object-verb-subject order ### [c27.s45.t2.1](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.epigraphy.mahadevan-2003.c27.s45.t2.1) | No. | Object | Verb | Subject | | 73. | āci | ceyitāṉ | tacaṉ . . . | | | prop | he who made | carpenter | | | '. . . the carpenter made the props.' | | | | 85. | eḻuttum | puṇaruttāṉ . . . | tēvaṉ cāttaṉ | | | letters-also | he who composed | tēvaṉ cāttaṉ | | | 'Tēvaṉ Cāttaṉ . . . composed the letters also.' | | | | 88. | paḷḷi | ceyvittāṉ . . . | peruṅkūṟṟaṉ | | | hermitage | he who caused to be made | peruṅkūṟṟaṉ | | | 'Peruṅkūṟṟaṉ . . . caused to be made the hermitage.' | | | ### 7.41.3 In subject-verb order (object to be inferred from the context) ### [c27.s45.t3.1](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.epigraphy.mahadevan-2003.c27.s45.t3.1) | No. | Subject | Verb | | \*18.\* | . . . \*ar-iytaṉ\* | \*cēvit-ōṉ\* | | | ariytaṉ | he who caused to be made | | | \multicolumn{l}{'Ariytaṉ . . . caused to be made.'} | | \*53.\* | \*antuvaṉ\* | \*koṭupitavaṉ\* | | | antuvaṉ | he who caused to be given | | | \multicolumn{l}{'Antuvaṉ caused to be given.'} | ### 7.41.4 In verb-subject order (object to be inferred from the context) ### [c27.s45.t4.1](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.epigraphy.mahadevan-2003.c27.s45.t4.1) | No. | Verb | Subject | | \*55.\* | \*ceytā\[ṉ\\*\]\* | \*āycayaṉ . . .\* | | | he who made | āyccayyaṉ | | | \multicolumn{l}{'Āyccayyaṉ . . . made.'} | --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.epigraphy.mahadevan-2003.c27.s45](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.epigraphy.mahadevan-2003.c27.s45) · Pramāṇa