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Early Tamil Epigraphy: From the Earliest Times to the Sixth Century A.D. c28.s6.t4: IV. Kilavalavu

Early Tamil Epigraphy: From the Earliest Times to the Sixth Century A.D. c28.s6.t4

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IV. Kilavalavu

c28.s6.t4.1

**10.1 upa[c]a-aṉ** (*upaccaṉ*) (n.) 'preceptor'. The consonant *-c-* is not doubled and the PNG suffix *-aṉ* is added in free form. See **upacaṉ** (*upaccaṉ*) (9.1) for discussion.

c28.s6.t4.2

**10.2 toṇṭi** (P.) The place may be identified as Tondi, now a small port on the east coast. Cf. *toṇṭi* 'small arm of the sea' (*TL*). See section 4.20.4 (ii).

c28.s6.t4.3

The Cēra port of Toṇṭi on the west coast was more famous in the Caṅkam Age. Cf. LT *ceṅkōl kuṭṭuvaṉ toṇṭi* 'Toṇṭi of Kuṭṭuvaṉ (the Cēra king) of upright sceptre' (*Aiṅk.*, *Toṇṭippattu*, 178:2-3). However, the eastern port of Toṇṭi is probably referred to in *Kuṟuntokai* (verses 210 & 238) where the city is specially associated with rice cultivation (U.Ve. Swaminathaiyar, *Kuṟuntokai*, 5th edn.: p. lxxxv).

c28.s6.t4.4

The eastern port of Toṇṭi is more unambiguously mentioned in later works. Cf. *mīṉavaṉ toṇṭi* 'Toṇṭi of the Pāṇṭiyaṉ' (*Pāṇṭikkōvai* cited in *Iṟai.* 11, comm.); *kuṇaticai-k-kaṇ toṇṭi eṉṉum pati* 'the eastern city of Toṇṭi'; (*Cilap.* 14:107, comm.).

c28.s6.t4.5

**10.3 -(i)[l]avōṉ** (*illavōṉ*). N. of the preceptor who is the donor. The name literally means 'householder' from *illam* 'house, home' (D. 494).

c28.s6.t4.6

Cf. LT *illōr* 'people at home' (*Kuṟun.* 111:7); *illavar* id. (*Aka.* 34:16, *Pari.* 6:101); *illōṉ* 'head (of the family), husband' (*Peru. Aka.*); *illavar* 'householders' are contrasted with *nōṟpavar* 'monks' in a Jaina work (*Aṟaneṟi.* 15).

c28.s6.t4.7

The expression **toṇṭilavōṉ** occurring in the inscription is construed as *toṇṭi* + *ilavōṉ* (*illavōṉ*) with elision of stem-final *-i*. See *kaṉṟiṭiṉ* (*kaṉṟi* + *iṭiṉ*) in *Pari.* 6:98 (cited by V.S. Rajam 1992:pp. 73-74). See also ***ariṭiṉ*** (*ariṭi* + *iṉ*) (**34.2**).

c28.s6.t4.8

***ilavōṉ*** (*illavōṉ*) is an appellative noun which may be analysed *ila* (*illa*) (stem) + *v* (glide) + *ōṉ* (PNG suffix). The consonant *-l-* is not doubled.

c28.s6.t4.9

Alternatively, the phrase *toṇṭi*=(*i*)*lavōṉ* may be explained as 'he who is from Toṇṭi' on the analogy of constructions like *toṇṭiyōr* (*Puṟa.* 17:13, *Cilap.* 14:107), *koṟkaiyōr* (*Matu.* 138), etc.

c28.s6.t4.10

***koṭu*** (v.) 'given'; adjectival participle without tense-marker or participial suffix (*viṉaittokai*) from *koṭu* 'to give'. See also ***amai*** (LT *amai*) (**48.6**) and ***-āṟu*** (LT *āṟ*) (**114.2.b**) for other examples of *viṉaittokai*.

c28.s6.t4.11

***paḷi-i*** (*paḷḷi-*) (n.) 'hermitage'. *-i* is the paragogic suffix. See **1.9** for comments.

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