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Early Tamil Epigraphy: From the Earliest Times to the Sixth Century A.D. c28.s7.t5: XXIII. Tondur

Early Tamil Epigraphy: From the Earliest Times to the Sixth Century A.D. c28.s7.t5

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XXIII. Tondur

c28.s7.t5.1

**76.1 [i]ḷaṅkāyipaṉ** N. of the resident Jaina monk.

c28.s7.t5.2

**a. iḷa(m)-** (adj.) 'young, junior'.

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Sandhi: *-m-* > *-ṅ-* before *-k-*. See **2.7.a** for further comments.

c28.s7.t5.4

**b. kāyipaṉ** A personal name. See **14.1.b** for further comments.

c28.s7.t5.5

**76.2 ēva** (v.) 'when (he) commanded, at the bidding of'; infinitive of cause (in absolute construction) from *ēvu* 'to command, direct' (D. 909).

c28.s7.t5.6

**Analysis: ēvu** (stem) + **a** (suffix of the infinitive).

c28.s7.t5.7

Cf. LT *poṟṟoṭi ēva* 'at the command of the lady with the golden bracelets (Kaṇṇaki)' (*Cilap.* 21:56); *ēval* (n.) 'command' (*Tivā.* 1741; *Piṅkala.* 1812; *Cūṭā.* 8:43).

c28.s7.t5.8

Cf. (inscr.) *ūr ēva elutin̄ēn* 'I wrote at the bidding of the village (assembly)' (*SII.* VIII: No. 696, Cōḻa, 10th cent. A.D.).

c28.s7.t5.9

**76.3 *akaḻ-ūr*** (*akaḻūr*) (P.) Written as two separate words. The place may be identified as Agalur (*Akaḻūr*) near Tondur (see Table 4.3). Both villages are ancient Jaina settlements still inhabited by Jaina families. Agalur also has Jaina stone beds (K.Rajan 1997:p. 324).

c28.s7.t5.10

Cf. (inscr.) *akaḻūr-t-tūmpu kampayaṉār iṭuvittār* 'Kampayyaṉ caused to be fixed the sluice (in the lake) at Akaḻūr' (*Pallava Inscrs.* No. 84, ca. 8th cent. A.D.).

c28.s7.t5.11

**a. *akaḻ*** (n.) 'tank, reservoir', from *akaḻ* (v.) 'to excavate, dig out' (D. 11); *akaḻ* 'tank' (*Perumpāṇ.* 108).The village is probably named after the lake referred to in the inscription cited above.

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**b. *ūr*** (n.) 'village'. See **19.2.**

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**76.4 *aṟam*** (n.) 'dharma' (D. 311). Cf. Ka. *aṟa* 'charity, alms' (ibid.). The charity was a collective endowment by the village of Akaḻūr.

c28.s7.t5.14

Cf. LT *aṟam cey tiṅkaḷ* 'the full-moon day (of Kārttikai) when charity is to be undertaken' (*Naṟṟ.* 202:9); *aṟa-c-cālai* 'alms house' (*Maṇi.* 28:238); *aṟa-p-puṟam* 'tax-free lands endowed for charity' (*Cīvaka.* 76); *aṟa-k-kuḷam toṭṭal* 'excavating a tank for charity' (*Iṉiya.* 23); *aṟam* 'tāṉam (gift)' (*Piṅkala.* 3635); 'tarumam (charity)' (*Cūṭā.* 8:39).

c28.s7.t5.15

Cf. (inscr.) *aṟa-p-puṟam* 'lands given for charitable endowment' (Pulankurichi Inscrs. II. 6, ca. 5th cent. A.D.); *ūrōm ērikku-p-peyta aṟam* 'charity endowed by the village assembly for (the maintenance of) the lake' (*Pallava Inscrs.* No. 82, ca. 8th cent. A.D.); *āti vēntar aṟam* 'charity by the kings of yore' (*SII.* XIV: No. 45, Pāṇṭiya, ca. 9th cent. A.D.).

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Sandhi: *-ūr* + *aṟam* > *ūraṟam*.

c28.s7.t5.17

**76.5 *mōci*** N. of the person (probably a stonemason) who carved the stone beds. The name occurs in literature and inscriptions, but its etymology is unknown.

c28.s7.t5.18

Cf. LT *tiruntu moḻi mōci pāṭiya āyum* 'Āy who was praised in song by Mōci of the felicitous language' (*Puṟa.* 158:12-13).

c28.s7.t5.19

Cf. (inscr.) *mōci kaṇṭañ-caṅkaran* 'a personal name' (*SII.* XIV:No. 9, Pāṇṭiya, ca. 8-9 cent. A.D.); *mōci oṟṟiyūraṉ kūttaṉ* 'a personal name' (*SII.* XIX:347, Cōḻa, 10th cent. A.D.).

c28.s7.t5.20

**76.6 *ceyita*** (v.) 'which was made'; adjectival past participle from *ceyi* (LT *cey*) 'to make'.

c28.s7.t5.21

**Analysis:** *ceyi* (stem) + *t* (past tense marker) + *a* (participial suffix). Cf. **ceyta** (**49.7**).

c28.s7.t5.22

**76.7 *atiṭṭāṉam 3*** 'three seats (stone beds)'.

c28.s7.t5.23

**a. atiṭāṉam** Read *atiṭṭāṉam* (n.). As there are exactly three stone beds in this cave, the meaning of *atiṭṭāṉam* as 'a seat (stone bed)' in the context of the Ta. Br. cave inscriptions is conclusively established. See **49.8** for further comments.

c28.s7.t5.24

**b. 3:** The numeral 'three' is represented by three short horizontal parallel lines. See section **5.16**.

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