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Early Tamil Epigraphy: From the Earliest Times to the Sixth Century A.D. c28.s8.t8: XXXVIII. Tirunatharkunru

Early Tamil Epigraphy: From the Earliest Times to the Sixth Century A.D. c28.s8.t8

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XXXVIII. Tirunatharkunru

c28.s8.t8.1

**116.1** ***aimpattēl(u)*** (num.) 'fifty-seven'; the context requires supplying the word 'days' qualified by the numeral.

c28.s8.t8.2

**a.** ***aim-*** (num. adj.) from *aintu* 'five' (D. 2826).

c28.s8.t8.3

**b.** ***patt(u)-*** 'ten' (D. 3918). The final *-u* is elided in sandhi.

c28.s8.t8.4

**c.** ***ēl(u)*** 'seven' (D. 910). The final *-u* is elided in sandhi.

c28.s8.t8.5

**116.2** ***aṉacaṉa(m)*** (n.) 'abstinence from food, fasting' < *anaśana* (Skt.).

c28.s8.t8.6

The expression *aṉacaṉam* occurs here in the technical sense of 'fast (unto death) as a religious penance'. It has the same significance as *sanyasana*, *sallēkhana* and *ārādhanā-vidhi* occurring in the Jaina inscriptions in Kannada.

c28.s8.t8.7

Cf. LT *aṇṇal aṉacaṉa-t-tavam amarntāṉ* 'the great one sat in the penance of fasting' (*Yacōtara.* 24); *aṉacaṉa nōṉpu koṇṭāṉ* 'He undertook the penance of fasting' (*Nāka.* 148); *aṉacaṉāti tapacu* 'including the penance of fasting' (*Nīlakēci* : 1, comm.).

c28.s8.t8.8

Cf. (inscr.) *muppatu nāḷ aṉacaṉa(n) nōṟṟa iḷaiya paṭārar nicītikai* 'the place of penance of Iḷaiya Bhaṭārar (who died after) observing fast for thirty days' (*SII.* XVII : Nọ. 261, ca. 10th cent. A.D.).

c28.s8.t8.9

**116.3** ***nōṟṟa*** (v.) 'who observed the penance'; adjectival past participle from *nōl* 'to do penance'.

c28.s8.t8.10

**Analysis:** *nōl* (stem) + *tt* (> *ṟṟ*) (past tense marker) + *a* (participial suffix). See ***nōṟṟu* (115.7)** for further comments.

c28.s8.t8.11

Sandhi: aimpattēl(u) + aṉacaṉam + nōṟṟa > aimpattēḷaṉacaṉannōṟṟa.

c28.s8.t8.12

**116.4** ***cantiraṉanti*** N. of the Jaina monk who undertook the fast unto death at this site. As indicated by the second part of his name, he belonged to the Nandigaṇa of the Digambara sect.

c28.s8.t8.13

Cf. LT *kaṇaka-nantiyum puṭpa-nantiyum pavaṇa-nantiyum kumaṇamācuṇaka-nantiyum kuṇaka-nantiyum tivaṇa-nantiyum moḻi koḷā aṇaka nantiyar* (a list of Jaina ascetics of the Nandigaṇa referred to derisively) (*Tēvā.* III:39.6).

c28.s8.t8.14

Cf. (inscr.) *śrīnanti, kaṇakananti, kuṇananti* (*SII.* V: Nos. 314, 359 & 398 respectively, Jaina, Pāṇṭiya, ca. 9th cent. A.D.); *ārampaṇanti* (*SII.* I: No. 68, Cōḻa, 11th cent. A.D.). Cf. ***vaccaṇanti* (115.3)**.

c28.s8.t8.15

**a.** ***cantira-*** (N.) < *candra* (Skt.) 'moon', here occurring as part of the personal name. This is an instance of direct borrowing from Skt. and not through Pkt.

c28.s8.t8.16

The waning influence of Pkt. and increasing presence of Skt. in the language of the Tamil inscriptions begins from about this time (ca. 5-6 cent. A.D.). Cf. *irācar* (111.1) for another example of direct borrowing from Skt. See section 3.3.7.

c28.s8.t8.17

Cf. LT *cantiraṉ* 'moon' (*Tivā.* 58; *Piṅkala.* 225; *Cūṭā.* 1:58).

c28.s8.t8.18

**b. *nanti*** (N.) Cf. *nandi* (Pkt.) < *nandin* (Skt.). Cf. *-ṇanti* (115.3.b).

c28.s8.t8.19

Cf. (Pkt. inscr.) *nandi* 'a Jaina *gaṇin*' (Lüders List: No. 74); *kumāranandi*, *nāganandi* 'personal names' (*Pallava Inscrs.* No. 3, Pkt., ca. 4th cent. A.D.).

c28.s8.t8.20

**116.5 *ācirikaru*** (n.) 'teacher'. Title of *cantirananti*, the senior Jaina monk. Cf. *ācariyika* (Pāli) < *ācārya* (Skt.). Cf. *ācāriyar* (115.4).

c28.s8.t8.21

Cf. LT *āciriyar* 'teacher' (*Matu.* 761; *Paṭṭiṉa.* 170); 'learned persons' (*Piṅkala.* 848).

c28.s8.t8.22

Cf. (inscr.) *matirai āciriyaṉ* 'the Jaina monk from Matirai' (*SII*. XIV: No. 45, Pāṇṭiya, 9th cent. A.D.).

c28.s8.t8.23

*-ar* is honorific singular suffix. The word-final *-u*, a euphonic suffix, indicates Kannada influence. Cf. 52.1.c. See also No. 49.

c28.s8.t8.24

**116.6 *nicītikai*** (n.) 'seat of penance'. Cf. 115.9. See also section 4.10.3

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