Early Tamil Epigraphy: From the Earliest Times to the Sixth Century A.D. c29.s7: Appendix VII: Index to Grammatical Morphemes in the Inscriptions
Early Tamil Epigraphy: From the Earliest Times to the Sixth Century A.D. c29.s7
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Appendix VII: Index to Grammatical Morphemes in the Inscriptions
c29.s7.2
Grammatical morphemes occurring in the Corpus are listed in col. 1 of this Index. The listing is in the Tamil alphabetical order. The functions of the morphemes are described in col. 2. An example (generally the earliest) of each function of the grammatical morphemes is cited in col. 3. The basic consonant of doubled consonants not in the original is shown within brackets in this Index. Reference Numbers (as in the Commentary) of the words or segments with the grammatical morphemes are given in the last col. at right. For other illustrations and detailed treatment, see Chapter 7 (Grammar).
c29.s7.3
| MORPHEME | DESCRIPTION | EXAMPLE | REF. NO. |
| **-a** | 1. Accusative case suffix | *itta* | 13.3 |
| | 2. Adjectival past participle suffix | *koṭṭupitta-a* | 1.8 |
| | 3. Attributive suffix | *nanta-a* | 1.2.a |
| | 4. Genitive case suffix | *ciḷivaṉ-a* | 19.3 |
| | 5. Infinitive suffix | *vai(k)ka* | 16.2 |
| **-am** | Neuter singular nominative suffix | *pēr-ay-am* | 35.2 |
| **-ar** | 1. Honorific singular suffix | *[ā]cāri[ya]r* | 115.4 |
| | 2. Third person epicene plural suffix in pronoun | *iruvar* | 48.5 |
| | 3. Third person epicene plural suffix in past participial noun | *cētavar* | 35.3 |
| **-al** | Verbal noun suffix | *ko(t)ṭal-* | 12.2 |
| **-avaṉ** | Third person masculine singular suffix in past participial noun | *koṭupita-avaṉ* | 44.3 |
| **-aḷ** | Feminine singular suffix | *makaḷ* | 66.3 |
| **-aṉ** | 1. Attributive suffix (alternatively, as in 2 below) | *parampaṉ* *(parampu + aṉ)* | 84.1.a |
| | 2. Masculine singular suffix in appellative noun | *kaṭal-aṉ* | 1.7.a |
| | 3. Masculine singular suffix in common noun | *makaṉ* | 20.2 |
| | 4. Masculine singular suffix in personal name | *neṭuñcaliyaṉ* | 1.5 |
c29.s7.4
| MORPHEME | DESCRIPTION | EXAMPLE | REF. NO. |
| **-ā** | 1. Adjectival suffix | *mutā* (*mutu* + *ā*) | 61.1 |
| | 2. Genitive case suffix | *nalli-[y]-ūr-ā* | 66.1 |
| **-ār** | Honorific singular suffix | *kiḻ[ā]r* | 84.2 |
| **-āṉ** | 1. Masculine singular suffix in personal name | *kāttāṉ* | 58.2 |
| | 2. Third person masculine singular suffix in past participial noun | *ceyvittāṉ* | 88.2 |
| *i-* | Prothetic affix before initial *r* in loanword | *irācar* | 111.1 |
| **-i-** | Past tense marker in adjectival past participle | *cē-iya* | 2.10 |
| **-i** | 1. Feminine singular suffix in appellative noun | *koṟṟi* | 66.4.b |
| | 2. Feminine singular suffix in common noun | *-aṇṇi* | 83.4.c |
| | 3. Paragogic suffix after noun ending in *-i* | *kaṇi-i* | 3.1 |
| | 4. Adverbial participle suffix | *āṭi* | 112.3 |
| **-iy** | Paragogic suffix after noun ending in *-i* | *pa(!)li-iy* | 1.9 |
| **-iṉ** | 1. Attributive suffix | *patiṉ-* (*pat* + *iṉ*) | 30.1.a |
| | 2. Genitive case suffix | *ariti=ṉ* (*ariti* + *iṉ*) | 34.2 |
| | 3. Past tense marker in adjectival past participle | *ā-iṉa* | 41.2 |
| **-u** | 1. Adverbial participle suffix | *nōṟṟu* | 115.7 |
| | 2. Derivational suffix | *piṇa-u* | 3.8 |
| | 3. Euphonic suffix added to noun | *eru(k)kā(ṭ)ṭu-ūru* | 52.1 |
| | 4. Euphonic suffix added to verb | *puṇaru-* | 85.2 |
c29.s7.5
| MORPHEME | DESCRIPTION | EXAMPLE | REF. NO. |
| **-ōr** | 1. Epicene plural suffix in appellative noun | *nikama(t)tōr* | 6.2 |
| | 2. Epicene plural suffix in past participial noun | *ko(t)ti-ōr* | 6.3 |
| **-ōṉ** | 1. Masculine singular suffix in appellative noun | *(i)[l]lavōṉ* | 10.3 |
| | 2. Masculine singular suffix in personal name | *ceṟ-ataṉ-ōṉ* | 12.4 |
| | 3. Third person masculine singular suffix in non-past participial noun | *ve(p)pōṉ* | 13.4 |
| | 4. Third person masculine singular suffix in past participial noun | *koṭu(p)pi(t)tōṉ* | 3.9 |
| **-(k)k-** | Non-past (non-completive) tense marker in infinitive | *vai(k)ka* | 16.2 |
| **-ku** | 1. Dative case suffix ('to') | *kuv-aṉ-kē* (*ku* + *ē*) | 1.2.c |
| | 2. Dative case suffix ('for') | *ko(t)tal-ku* | 12.2 |
| | 3. Possessive-locative case suffix ('in, at') | *mattirai-kē* (*ku* + *ē*) | 38.1 |
| | 4. Suffix indicating direction | *teṉku* | 49.5.a |
| **-kay** / | | *tuṟukay* | 114.1 |
| **-kai** | Derivational suffix | *muḻākai* | 7.3 |
| **-tt-** | 1. Past tense marker in adjectival past participle | *koṭṭupitta-a* | 1.8 |
| | 2. Past tense marker in past participial noun | *iṭtavaṉ* | 12.3 |
| **-(t)t-** | 1. Past tense marker in adjectival past participle | *kuṭu(p)pi(t)ta* | 14.2 |
| | 2. Past tense marker in past participial noun | *koṭu(p)pi(t)tōṉ* | 3.9 |
| **-tti** | Feminine singular suffix | *pa(m)mitti* | 41.3 |
| **-(t)tu** | Suffix of the oblique case of neuter singular noun ending in *-(a)m* | *nikama(t)tu* | 3.4 |
c29.s7.6
| MORPHEME | DESCRIPTION | EXAMPLE | REF. NO. |
| **-t-** | 1. Past tense marker in adjectival past participle | *ceyta* | 49.7 |
| | 2. Past tense marker in past participial noun | *cētavar* | 35.3 |
| **-nt-** | Past tense marker in adjectival past participle | *piṟanta* | 49.3 |
| **-(p)p-** | Non-past tense marker in participial noun | *ve(p)pōṉ* | 13.4 |
| **-(p)pi-** | 1. Causative suffix in adjectival past participle | *kuṭu(p)pi(t)ta* | 14.2 |
| | 2. Causative suffix in past participial noun | *koṭu(p)pi(t)tōṉ* | 3.9 |
| **-pi-** | 1. Causative suffix in adjectival past participle | *koṭṭupitta-a* | 1.8 |
| | 2. Causative suffix in past participial noun | *koṭṭupi(t)tōṉ* | 8.3 |
| **-m-** | Hiatus-filler | *pāñkāṭa (pā-m-kāṭu-a)* | 8.1 |
| **-y-** | 1. Glide between two vowels (when the preceding one is a front vowel) | *ko(ṭ)ti-y-avaṉ* | 4.3 |
| | 2. Past tense marker in adjectival past participle | *cē-y-a* | 31.2 |
| **-y** | 1. Paragogic suffix after noun ending in *-i* | *kaṇi-y* | 1.1 |
| | 2. Paragogic suffix after noun ending in *-ai* | *tantai-y* | 2.8 |
| **-y-i** | Paragogic suffix after noun ending in *-i* | *-siri-y-i* | 1.2.b |
| **-v-** | Glide between two vowels (when the preceding one is a central or back vowel) | *(i)[ḷ]lavōṉ* | 10.3 |
| | | *iruvar* | 48.5 |
| **-vi-** | 1. Causative suffix in adjectival past participle | *ceyivitta* | 83.5 |
| | 2. Causative suffix in past participial noun | *cēvit-ōṉ* | 18.3 |
c29.s7.7
Indo-Aryan
c29.s7.8
| **-ō** | Nominative case-ending in masculine singular noun | *-pu(t)tō* | 59.1.b |
| **-sa** | Genitive case-ending in masculine singular noun | *utayaṇa(s)sa* | 24.5 |