The Historical Inscriptions of Southern India (collected till 1923) and Outlines of Political History c9.s2.t39: Kerala Kings
The Historical Inscriptions of Southern India (collected till 1923) and Outlines of Political History c9.s2.t39
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Kerala Kings
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In this list are included the known kings of the Kerala country proper (the West Coast Districts below the western ghāts) as well as those of the Veṇāḍ or Travancore country. This cannot well be avoided in the present state of historical knowledge. For very early rulers see the list of CHERA kings above, which ends about the A.D. 6th century.
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The Nāmakal (Salem District) plates (*E. R. 1906, p. 75*) give the names, excluding mythological ones, of five kings, each the son of his predecessor; viz. Kōta (son of Maṇikuṭṭuva); Ravi I who married Koṇḍa; Kantha I who married a Pallava princess; Ravi II who married Kaṇnā, a Ganga princess; and Kantha II.
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Ravi II is the same as Sthanu-Ravi, son of Kantha, a contemporary of Āditya Chōla I (A.D. 880-907) and Varaguṇa Pāṇdya II (*V. R. i. Coimbatore 107; Travancore 89, 90*).
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Kantha II is the same as Kō-Kandan-Vīra-Nārāyaṇa mentioned in *V. R. i, Coimbatore 106; 147 of 1910*.
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In A.D. 936 a king named Vijayarāgava was reigning (160 of 1912).
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In 955 Indu-Kōdaivarman began to reign (*T. A. S. iii. 161, 171, 176*). He may be the same as Ravi kōdai alias Kō-Kalimukan (*12, 15 of 1891*). He was living in 972.
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In 973-4. Śrīvallavan-kōdai is mentioned (*V. R. iii. Travancore 93, T. A. S. iv. pt. I, p. 7*).
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In 978 Bhāskara-Ravi was ruling for the last mentioned. He himself began to reign in 982. His 58th regnal year is named in *V. R. iii, Travancore 202; T. A. S. ii, 31; iii, 182*. He gave a village to Joseph Rabban and a colony of Jews near Cranganore (*E. I. iii. 66*).
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Little is known of rulers from this time till after the death of Kulōttunga Chōla I in 1112 (*I. A. 1895, p. 96*) The following list contains names and dates for five centuries.
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Vīra Kērala Tiruvaḍi, or Kōdai-Kērala these are only titles of Travancore kings. A.D. 1126-1150 (*I. A. xxiv. 249, 337; T. A. S. iv. 17, 18, 21*).
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Udaiya-Mārtāṇda I. March 1173, November 1188 (*T. A. S. iv. 26*).
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Āditya Rāma, 1189.
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Vīra Kērala, or Vīra Rāma, alias 'Maṇikaṇtha Rāma.' 1196-1215. Ravi-Kērala of A.D. 1216-1237 may be the same (*T. A. S. i. 289; iv. 84n*).
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Udaya Mārtāṇda II, A.D. 1222-23 (*ibid. 296; V. R. iii. Travancore, 195*). He may be the same as Padmanābha-Mārtāṇda and Udaiya-Mārtāṇda mentioned in records of A.D. 1251-52 (*T. A. S. iv. 88; V. R. iii. Travan: 226*).
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Ravivarman-Kulaśēkhara Samgrāmadhira was born in A.D. 1266-7. He was son of Jayasimha Kērala (*E. I. iv 145*). According to a record of Tiruvadi in S. Arcot (*V. R. i. S. Arcot 295; 34 of 1903*) his reign began in the year following December 29, 1309. He married a Pāṇdya princess Umā. After Malik Kāfur's raid on Southern India in 1311 he seized Madura and afterwards Conjevaram where, being then 46 years old, he was crowned a second time (*see text, s. v. A. D. 1312*). He was driven out of Conjevaram in 1316.
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Vīra Rāghava gave the Koṭṭayam plates to the Syrian Christians there, on a day which Kielhorn decided to be March 15, 1320. But this is not certain.
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Udaiya Mārtāṇda III, alias Vīra Pāṇdya. Accession in year following February 15, 1313 (*T. A. S. iv. 89*).
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Ādityavarman-Sarvāṅganātha ruled at Trivandrum, 1374-5 (*T. A. S. i. 171*).
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Mārtāṇdavarman IV, A.D. 1390(?), 1403-1439 (*V. R. iii. Travan: 108; T. A. S. i. 299*).
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Mārtāṇda V, 1480 (*E. I. iv. 203, 204*).
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Jayasimha II. June 22, 1496 (*T. A. S. ii. 26*).
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Veṇrumaṇkoṇda-Bhūtala-Ravivarman IV, 1533, 1537, 1547 (*V. R. iii. Travan: 39, 106, 40-B, 163, 148*).
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Ravivarman V, 1595-1607 (*V. R. iii. Trav: 193, 194, 213; T. A. S. i. 175*).