The Historical Inscriptions of Southern India (collected till 1923) and Outlines of Political History c9.s2.t62: Sambuvarāya Chiefs of the Sengeṇi Family
The Historical Inscriptions of Southern India (collected till 1923) and Outlines of Political History c9.s2.t62
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Sambuvarāya Chiefs of the Sengeṇi Family
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Their province was mainly in the present North Arcot and Chingleput Districts. In the times of the Vijayanagar empire it was known as the ‘Paḍaivīḍu-Rājya’, drawing its name from Paḍaivīḍu near Pōlūr.
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The names only can be given, as the relationships are not yet sufficiently established. To save space ‘Śambuvarāya’ is shortened to ‘Samb.’
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A.D. 1163-4. Rājanārāyaṇa Samb. in 18th year of Rājarāja Chōla II, (1146-1163), (V.R. i, Chingleput, 479; 244 of 1901).
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1167-8. Edirili-Chōla-Samb. in the 5th year of Rājādhirāja Chōla II (1163-1178), to whom he was feudatory. He is said to have obtained the departure from South-India of the Singhalese armies under general Laṅkāpura, which invaded the country in his day, by his intervention with a holy priest of Śiva who by earnest prayer and fasting secured the Deity's favour. Edirili had a son Pallava-rāya (V. R. i, Chingleput, 248, 345; 20 of 1899; 474 of 1905).
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1171-(?)1210. A number of records of this period contain names which possibly owing to the recurrence of the name ‘Attimallan,’ refer to one chief. These are as follows:—
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Ammaiyappan-Pāṇḍi alias Rājarāja Samb., A.D. 1175-6 the 13th year of Rājādhirāja Chola II, which was his own 5th year. Hence his accession was in 1171-2 (V. R. i, S. Arcot, 373; 222 of 1904).
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Ammaiyappan-Gaṇḍarśūriyan-Samb., 1179-80. In the second year of Kulōttunga Chōla III, 1178-1216, (V. R. i, N. Arcot, 997; 190 of 1904.)
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Minḍan-Attimallan-Samb. 1185-6. In the 8th year of the same king (V. R. i, N. Arcot, 341; 301 of 1897).
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Minḍan-Attimallan-Vikrama-Chōla-Samb., 1189-90. In the same king's 12th year (V. R. i, N. Arcot, 26; 405 of 1905).
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Ammaiyappan-Rājarāja Samb., 1190-1. In the same king's 13th year (V. R. i, S. Arcot 374; 223 of 1904). In this record two chiefs bind themselves to be faithful to the Sengeṇi chief.
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Ammaiyappan-Attimallan-Vikrama-Chōla-Samb., 1197-8. In the same king's 20th year. Agreements between rival chiefs. This chief was also called ‘Kaṇṇuḍai-Perumāḷ’ (S. I. I. iii, 208) in 1204-5, in the King's 27th year (V. R. i, N. Arcot, 414, 422; 107, 115 of 1900). He had a son—as next noted.
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1212-13. *Aḷagiya-Chōḷa-Edirili-Chōḷa Śamb.*, alias ‘Chōḷa-Piḷḷai’. Record in the 35th year of the same king (*V. R. ii. Salem, 28; 435 of 1913*). Son of the next above.
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He was also called ‘Virasāni-Ammaiyappan.’ Two records of his are dated in the 22nd and 28th years of Rājarāja Chōḷa III, i.e. in 1237-8. Another is dated in the 3rd year of Vijaya-Gaṇḍagōpāla, the Teḷugu-Chōḍa ruler, i.e. in 1252-3, and here he is called ‘Aḷagiya-Pallava’ (*V. R. i, N. Arcot, 554, 559, 333; S.I.I. i, Nos. 59, 60, 63*).
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1235-6. *Attimallan-Śambukula-Perumāḷ-Rājagambhīra-Śamb.* This was his 12th year, so his accession took place in 1224-5 (*S.I.I. i. Nos. 102, 105*).
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1257-8. *Rājarāja Śamb.* in the 8th year of Vijaya-Gaṇḍagōpāla. Here the chief is called a ‘Piḷḷaiyār’, or vassal, of his lord (*V. R. i. N. Arcot, 230, 231; 302, 303 of 1912; S.I.I. i, 87 to 136; iii. 121, 123, 136, 208*). He was also called ‘Rājagambhīra.’
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c. 1314-5. *Vira-Champaṇāyaṇ*, ‘alias Śamb.’ in the 12th year of Jaṭāvarman-Sundara-Pāṇḍya, whose accession was in 1303. Also, apparently, called ‘Vira-Chōḷa-Śamb’ (*V. R. i, N. Arcot, 548; 24 of 1897; 42, 48 of 1921; E. I. xi. 251; E. R. 1903, p. 16; V. R. i, S. Arcot, 1048; 434 of 1903*).
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1322. Accession, between May 11 and June 20, of ‘Sakalalōka-Chakravarti’ *Veṇrumaṇkoṇḍa-Śamb.* There are records of his 14th year, 1335-6, in which the Muhammadan invasions of the country are mentioned; and of his 18th year, of date June 30, 1339. (*V. R. i, N. Arcot, 548; 24 of 1897; 42, 48 of 1921; E. I. xi. 251; E. R. 1903, p. 16; V. R. i, S. Arcot, 1048; 434 of 1903*).
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1337-8, *Rājanārāyaṇa-Śamb.*, alias ‘Mallinātha,’ (in Tamil), or ‘Jiyadēva’. Several records make his accession in 1337-8; though the fixture clashes with the last date of the chief last-mentioned. It may be that that chief retired into private life before his death. *Rājanārāyaṇa’s* 20th year is mentioned, i.e., 1356-7 (*39 of 1890; 49, 302 of 1931; 48, 49 of 1922; V. R. i, S. Arcot, 799; 396 of 1909*).
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The Śambuvarāya chiefs were conquered by prince Kampaṇa II, son of Bukka I of Vijayanagar during his southern campaign about 1361 (*E. I. xv. 8*).
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N.B.—The Rājarāja-Śamb. of A.D. 1257 sometimes has prefixed to his name the title also borne by his lord Vijaya-Gaṇḍagōpāla, viz., ‘Avaniyāḷa-piraṇdān’, or ‘Aḷappiraṇdān’. This, and the fact of his being called ‘piḷḷaiyār’, has led the Government Epigraphist to the opinion that he really was a son of Vijaya-Gaṇḍagōpāla. I doubt. See my remarks appended to the list of Nilagangaraiyan chiefs given above.