[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [Archaeology, epigraphy and coins](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.epigraphy) › [Indian Epigraphy](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.epigraphy.sircar-1965) › c11.t7.2 # Indian Epigraphy c11.t7.2 Indian Epigraphy c11.t7.2 - **Language:** English ### [c11.t7.2](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.epigraphy.sircar-1965.c11.t7.2) The gift generally consists of a plot of land or a field or a village or several plots, fields or villages. The name and location of the gift land are often indicated with reference to the district and other territorial divisions such as \*grāma\*, \*viṣaya\*, \*maṇḍala\*, \*bhukti\*, \*vīthi\*, \*pattalā\*, etc. The area of a plot of land is usually specified in the current land measure called \*hala\*, \*nivartana\*, \*pādāvarta\*, \*kulyavāpa\*, \*droṇavāpa\* \*āḍhavāpa\*, \*nālikāvāpa\*, \*kalasikā:āpa\*, \*ṭimpira\*, etc. It is difficult to determine the exact area of these land measures with reference to particular ages and localities, though the words ending in \*vāpa\* give some vague indication. Thus \*droṇa-vāpa\* no doubt meant originally an area of land on which one \*droṇa\* measure of the seeds of the principal crop could be sown.¹ - [Previous: c11.t7.1](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.epigraphy.sircar-1965.c11.t7.1) - [Next: c11.t7.3](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.epigraphy.sircar-1965.c11.t7.3) - [Up: c11.t7](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.epigraphy.sircar-1965.c11.t7) --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.epigraphy.sircar-1965.c11.t7.2](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.epigraphy.sircar-1965.c11.t7.2) · Pramāṇa