[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [General history and culture](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general) › [India as Known to Panini: A Study of the Cultural Material in the Ashtadhyayi](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.agrawala-1953) › c8.s8.22 # India as Known to Panini: A Study of the Cultural Material in the Ashtadhyayi c8.s8.22 India as Known to Pāṇini: A Study of the Cultural Material in the Ashṭādhyāyī c8.s8.22 - **Language:** English ### [c8.s8.22](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.agrawala-1953.c8.s8.22) Of ornaments (\*alaṅkāras\*) Pāṇini refers to \*aṅgulīya\*, finger-rings (IV.3.62), \*karṇikā\*, ear-ring¹ (IV.3.65), \*lalāṭikā\*, ornaments of the forehead (IV.3.65) and \*graiveyaka\*, torque round the neck (IV.2.96). If we look to the earliest known examples of Indian art we find these three ornaments conspicuously depicted there. The \*karṇikā\* is represented as the heavy ear-rings worn in cloven ears of men and women; the \*graiveyaka\*² as the torque, worn in addition to the flat triangular necklace on such statues as the Parkham Yaksha; and the \*lalāṭikā\* as the round pendant found on the forehead of the earliest female figures as the Yakshī from Dīdārganj, Patna (Bachhoffer, \*Early Indian Sculpture\*, Pl.9) and Sudarśanā (Pl.19), Chulakokā (Pl.20) and Sirimā \*devatās\* (Pl.21) from Bharhut. These works of art are no doubt removed in time from Pāṇini, but they represent the earliest specimens of classical Indian art and show an older tradition. The \*Jātakas\* also mention ear-rings, frontlet pieces and torques round the neck (\*giveyya, Jāt.\* VI.590). - [Previous: c8.s8.21](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.agrawala-1953.c8.s8.21) - [Next: c8.s8.23](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.agrawala-1953.c8.s8.23) - [Up: c8.s8](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.agrawala-1953.c8.s8) ## Cites (2) - [Jātakatthavaṇṇanā](https://indike.org/pramana/in.bauddha.theravada.sp.khuddaka.jataka!jatakatthavannana*cst.23.5.2412_3) — Pāli - [Aṣṭādhyāyī](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.vyakarana.astadhyayi-school.astadhyayi.4.3.62) — Pāṇini, Sanskrit --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.agrawala-1953.c8.s8.22](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.agrawala-1953.c8.s8.22) · Pramāṇa