[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [General history and culture](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general) › [The Foundation of Muslim Rule in India: A History of the Establishment and Progress of the Turkish Sultanate of Delhi, 1206–1290 A.D.](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.habibullah-1945) › c19.50 # The Foundation of Muslim Rule in India: A History of the Establishment and Progress of the Turkish Sultanate of Delhi, 1206–1290 A.D. c19.50 The Foundation of Muslim Rule in India: A History of the Establishment and Progress of the Turkish Sultanate of Delhi, 1206–1290 A.D. c19.50 - **Language:** English ### [c19.50](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.habibullah-1945.c19.50) But to escape the environmental influence was equally difficult; the Indian Turk was not even circumstantially equipped to attempt it. Significant of the new trend is the adoption by high born Muslims, even of pure Turkish descent, of such Indian names as Chajju, Kachchan, Hamidraja, etc.¹. Chewing the betel leaf, a peculiarly Indian habit, found its way early among the nobles and Barani notes the excessive addiction to it of Balban's ariz². Under the Tughluqs, Ibn Battuta noticed another Indian custom of offering the bira of pan to the bride as a part of the marriage ceremony³. In daily conversation Indian terms inevitably seemed to find a place; Barani consistently uses the Hindi word barshkal for the rainy season⁴. Firoz Tughluq earned piety and gratitude by providing funds to pay for the marriage dowry of Muslim orphan girls⁵; it is difficult to interpret this dowry as anything but a Hindu-inspired custom, for Muslim law knows of no money payable by the bride. - [Previous: c19.49](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.habibullah-1945.c19.49) - [Next: c19.51](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.habibullah-1945.c19.51) - [Up: c19](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.habibullah-1945.c19) --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.habibullah-1945.c19.50](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.habibullah-1945.c19.50) · Pramāṇa