The Foundation of Muslim Rule in India: A History of the Establishment and Progress of the Turkish Sultanate of Delhi, 1206–1290 A.D. c27: Index

The Foundation of Muslim Rule in India: A History of the Establishment and Progress of the Turkish Sultanate of Delhi, 1206–1290 A.D. c27

Language: English

Index

Abbaside (caliphs), 21, 104, 216, 217, 255, 256, 278, 279. Abdul Haqq, Dehlavi, 13. Abdullah b. Fazlullah Shirazi, 7. Abdul Majed (misprinted Majid), 97. Abdur Rashid (Ghaznawide), 38. Abu (Mt.) 33, 39, 42, 53, 66, 67, 148, 311. Abu Bakr, 129. Abu Hanifa, 280, 295. Abul Fath (kunyat of Iltutmish) 97. Abul Fazl, 37, 164. Abul Muzaffar (Kunyat of Iltutmish), 97. Abu Said (king of Persia), 8. Abyssinian, 112. Al-Beruni, Abu Rayhan, 284, 306. Adabul Harb was-Shujaat, 10, 16, 252. Aetigin, (name), 288. Aetigin, chief of Herat, 23, 26. Aetigin, Malik Ikhtiyaruddin, 94, 111, 113-117, 120, 192, 226, 229, 230. Afghan, officers, 58. — garrison, 159, 160, 248, 294. — element in society, 272. — saint, 291. Afghanistan, 3, 51, 69, 92, 190, 191, 197, 198, 199, 202, 212. Afif, (Shams-i-Siraj), 222. Afrasiyab, 153. Ahmad Chap, 184. Ahicchatra, 102, 149. Ahkamus-Sultaniyah, 16. Aibak Bak, 78. Aibak, Qutbuddin, 9, 52, 59, 60, 62, 63-67, 69, 70, 78, 80, 82-90, 94, 103, 116, 136, 172, 190, 226, 252, 276, 277, 288, 311, 317, 320, 330, 331. Aibak, Malik Saifuddin, 111, 138, 227. Aindri mahasanti, 73. Ainuddin Bijapuri, 11. Ainul Mulk Ashari, 240. Ajaipal (founder of Ajmer), 40. Ajami, Saifuddin, 255, 258. — entry into Islam, 277. Ajaigarh, 45, 68, 98. Ajaipal Lanba, 60, 323. Ajayadeva (of Ajmer), 56. Ajayadeva (mahamatra of Kalinjar), 68. Ajmer, 39, 40, 41, 55, 59, 61, 63-66, 98, 99, 100, 118, 148, 206, 281, 283, 296, 302, 311, 330-332. Ajodhan, 213. Akbar, (Mughal emperor), 8, 15. Akhbarul Akhiar, 13. Alamut, 278. Alauddin Daulat Shah b. Maudud, 97. Alauddin Husain, Jahansoz, 20, 25, 26, 80. Alauddin Jani, Malik, see Jani, Malik Alauddin. Alauddin, Khalji (Sultan), 12, 236, 238, 249, 254, 260, 290, 291, 300, 304, 307. Alauddin Masud (Sultan), 100, 118, 119, 120, 129, 201, 202, 229. Alauddin Syed, 297. Alauddin Muhammad b. Takash (Khwarizm Shah), 30-33, 192. Ali Chatri, 25. Aligarh, 60, 67, 159, 333. Ali Mardan (Alauddin) Khalji, 78, 85, 87, 94, 241. Ali Sher Qaani, see Mir Ali Sher Qaani. Allahabad, 43, 45, 48, 242. Alwar, 99, 147, 271. Amardan (also read as Umardan), 136. Amaragangeya, 41. Amin Khan, 163, 165. Ambar, 148. Amir Hasan, Sanjari, 12, 170, 213, 286, 291, 302 305, 323. Amir Khusrau, 3, 12, 13, 167, 170, 171, 180, 181, 213, 214, 249, 284. 286, 288, 292, 305, 307, 322, 323. Amritakunda, 286. Amroha 150, 159, 160, 173. Anahilladeva (of Nadol), 52. Anandapal, 309. Anangabhima (III of Orissa), 95. Anasagar, 56. Andhkhud, 31, 78. Anhilwara (Anahillapattan), 39, 53, 66, 196, 301. Aolna, 102, 149. Apara-Mandara, 46. Arab, traders in India, 1. — occupation of Sind, 2, 3, 5, 33, 34, 253, 279, 313. — element in society, 272.

c27.3

—, tribal system of, 275. Arabic, legend on coin, 265, 266. —, rendering of Amritakunda, 286. Arabian, letters and society, 272. —, countries, 290. —, sea, 189. Arambagh, 137. Aramshah (Sultan), 86, 87, 88. Aravalli (hills), 50. Arnoraja (of Ajmer), 40, 56. Arslan (Ghaznawide), 20. Arslan Khan, (Tajuddin), 121, 126, 128, 131, 163, 205, 208. Arya, 56. Aryavarta, 4. Arzbadan (also Umardan), 137, 138. Asalladeva, 144. Asawari (legend on Chauhana coin), 99. 'Asi' (Hansi,) 35. Asia, 5, 29, 224, 272. Asia, Central, shifting of population in, 3. —, history of, 6, 8, 9, 22. —, Seljuq empire in, 20, 24. —, Ghoride campaigns in, 60, 78, 80. —, Khwarizm Shah in, 84. —, political changes of, 190. —, Changiz Khan's conquests of, 90, 191. —, iqta system in, 234. —, jital in, 264. —, professional female musicians in, 290. —, Turkish immigrants from, 296. —, incursions from, 309. Asirgaon, 168. Asni, 63, 68, 252, 296. Asokacalla, 140. Ashiga, 12. Asrarul Auliya, 13. Assam, 103, 189, 233, 286, 313. Atabek, 21. Atabek Inanaj, 29. Ataul Mulk Juwaini 6, 7, 38 Atrai, (river) 85 Atsiz (founder of Khwarizm kingdom) 21, 22, 23, 25. Aufi, Nuruddin Muhammud, 10, 285 Aurangzeb, (Mughal emperor) 15 Awadh 43, 68, 96, 103, 109-111, 123-125, 127, 128, 131, 142, 143, 149, 158, 159, 165, 166, 168, 179, 208, 214, 236, 237, 240, 246, 263. Awans, 190. Ayub Turkman, 117. Azarbaijan, 21. Azimabad-Talawari, 325.

c27.4

**B**

c27.5

Babur (misprinted Babar), 80, 327. Badruddin Damashqi, 285. Badruddin Sunqar, 116, 117, 226, 276. Bagar, 39, 60. Baghdad, 6, 21, 29, 30, 104. Baghela (Rajputs), 41, 102, 142, 143, 312. Baghelkhand, 102. Bagram, 36. Bagshor, 26. Bahadur Tair, 201, 202. Baharpur, 185. Bahauddin Tughril, see Tughril, Bahauddin. Bahauddin Zakariya, 203, 281, 282. 293, 333. Bahauddin (early name of Balban), 151. Bahlim (Ghaznawide governor of Punjab), 52. Bahraich, 102, 119, 122, 127. Bahram (Sassanide king of Iran), 315. Bahram (Ghaznawide), 20, 24, 25, 35, 52. Bahram, Sultan Muizzuddin, 114-118, 122, 123, 126, 127, 147, 200, 226, 229, 239, 292. Bahrul Hayat, 286. Baihaqui, 52. *Baikuntha*, 41. Bakan, 72. Bakhshi, Nizamuddin, see Nizamuddin Bakhshi. Bakhtiyar Kaki, see Qutbuddin Bakhtiyar Kaki. Bakhtiyar Khalji, Ikhtiyaruddin Muahmmud, 69-77, 83, 85, 103, 137-140, 231, 237, 240. Balala and Makala (hills), 194. Balarwan, 36. Balban, Ghiyasuddin (also Ulugh Khan and Ulugh Khan-i-azam), 10, 11, 12, 119-123, 127, 128, 130-133, 137, 140, 141, 143, 144, 146-149, 152-176, 178-184, 186, 201, 202, 203, 205, 206, 207, 209-214, 220, 222, 226, 228, 230, 234, 236-244, 246, 248, 253, 260, 262, 264, 268, 269, 270, 272, 273, 277, 285, 288, 289, 291, 293, 298, 300, 307, 308, 316-319, 323, 332, 333. Balban, Izzuddin Yuzbaki, see Yuzbaki. Balbera, 56. Balghakpur, 165. Balka Khalji (variously called Ikhtiyaruddin, Iran Shah-i-Balka Khalji, Ikhtiyaruddin Balka, Malik Khalji, and, erroneously, Ikhtiyaruddin Daulat Shah-i-Balka), 97. Balkh, 21, 23, 25, 26, 27, 31, 32. Ballalasena, 48. Bamian, 26, 32. Bandhogarh, 101. Banerji (R.D.), 72. Bang, 71, 74, 95, 138, 168. *Bangmati* (possibly misreading for Begmati which also see), 76, 77, 78. Bangarmau, 297. Baniyan, 93, 94, 133, 198, 199, 209, 262-63. Baqbaq Malik, 246. Baizawi, Abu Said Abdullah b. Abul Hasan, 7, 71. Baran, 17, 60, 182, 185, 258, 324, *Baranasi*, 55. Barani, Hasan, 17, 324. Barani, Ziauddin, 11, 12, 13, 133, 148, 152, 153, 160, 167, 170, 171, 172, 175, 177, 179, 182, 210, 211, 225, 226, 236, 238, 240, 241, 247, 248, 249, 253, 260, 273, 275, 277, 278, 280, 282, 285, 288, 289, 298, 300, 303, 307, 308, 316, 321, 322, 323. Barbek, 288. Bardai, Chand, see Chand Bardai. Bardar, 149. Bareilly, 298. Bardhankot (also read Bardhankuti), 76, 77. Baridargah, 123, 126. Barnadi (river), 71, 77. *Bartu*, 103. Barwan, 192. *Basraur* (*Busraur*), see Pasraur Batiagarh, 305. Batini, 278. Bayana, 64, 99, 100, 101, 147, 148, 333. Beas (river, quoted "Beah"), 89, 131, 161, 170, 197, 198, 202, 208-213, 213, 214, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229, 230, 231, 232, 233, 234, 235, 236, 237, 238, 239, 240, 241, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 249, 250, 251, 252, 253, 254, 255, 256, 257, 258, 259, 260, 261, 262, 263, 264, 265, 266, 267, 268, 269, 270, 271, 272, 273, 274, 275, 276, 277, 278, 279, 280, 281, 282, 283, 284, 285, 286, 287, 288, 289, 290, 291, 292, 293, 294, 295, 296, 297, 298, 299, 300, 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306, 307, 308, 309, 310, 311, 312, 313, 314, 315, 316, 317, 318, 319, 320, 321, 322, 323, 324, 325, 326, 327, 328, 329, 330, 331, 332, 333, 334, 335, 336, 337, 338, 339, 340, 341, 342. Beerajit Mal, Rai, 168. Begmati (river), 77, 140. Bektars, Malik (Tughrilkush) 167, 168, 212, 214. Beluchistan, 199. Benares, 43, 45, 48, 54, 55, 62, 63, 67, 68, 88, 102, 140, 296. Bengal, 5, 16, 18, 43, 46, 47, 48, 51, 70, 73, 74, 75, 78, 94, 95, 126, 135, 136, 137, 138, 155, 158, 164, 166, 240, 267, 283, 286. — Bay of, 189. Bengali, people, 72. Beqsariq, Malik, 175. Bhagalpur, 95, 140. Bhagavata, 99, 100, 145.

c27.6

Bhagirathi (river), 71, 138. Bhagwat and Bhiuli, 69. Bhakar, 37, 92. Bharmer, 99. Bhar (Rajput), 142, 143. *Bhatighor*, 143. Bhatinda, 35, 57, 87, 88, 91, 113, 114, 116, 120, 121, 130, 186, 198, 204, 205, 207-211, 241, 244, 325, 326. Bhatner, 325. Bhatti (Rajput), 37, 148, 211. Bhawalpur, 91. Bhera, 197. Bhilsa, 101. Bhima (II of Gujrat), 41, 52, 53, 66. Bhinmal, 99. Bhojpur, 160, 248. Bhukal-pahari, 75. *Bidur*, 70, 71. Bihar, 45-48, 69-71, 74, 75, 83, 94-96, 98, 103, 122, 123, 126, 140, 141, 158, 165. Bihar Sharif, 123. Bijapur, 14. Bijnor, 149, 150. Bikaner, 211. Biladul Hind, 270. Biloki and Tiloki, 143. Bilsar, 149. Binagiti, Abul Fazal b. Muhammad, 8, 206. Birbhum, 75. Birbundela, 142. Birnathan, 304. Birubana (Balban), 141. Bishenpur, 128. Bistam, 30. Bodhgaya, 140. Bogra, 77. Bolan pass, 51, 189. Brahmin, dynasty of Sind, 33; origin of the Senas 47; "shaven-headed"—, 70; —ridden society, 73; —courtiers, 74; —dynasty of Mithila, 95; —judicial assistants, 251; *jaziah* on, 261; —translater of Amritakunda, 286; privileges of, 301; opposition to missionaries, 302; —protest against *jaziah*, 306. Brahminism, 33, 312. Brahmaputra (river), 46, 51, 76, 78, 95, 139, 140, 189. Buchand, 304. Budaun, 45, 55, 57, 67, 70, 81, 89, 102, 106, 109, 111, 113, 117, 122, 124, 130, 142, 149, 154, 155, 160, 205, 237, 240, 246, 286, 296, 324, 332. Budauni, Abdul Qader, 14, 213. Buddhist, 313.

c27.7

Bughra Khan, 152, 153, 166, 167, 168, 170, 171, 175, 178, 179, 180, 181, 212, 223, 228, 235, 239, 243, 249, 260, 293. Bukhara, 29. Bulandshahr, 17, 60, 324. Bulaq, Muhammud, 13. Bundelkhand, 39, 42, 43, 68, 142. Bundi, 40, 67, 100, 145, 146. Burdwan, 137. Bust, 26. Busami, Jalaluddin Bustami see Jalauddin Bustami. Buwides (of Hamadan), 216.

c27.8

c27.9

Calcutta University, 97. Caliph, 2, 21, 29, 30, 38, 104, 217, 266, 267, 279, 317. Caspian Sea, 90, 192. Cawnpur, 143. Central Province, 43, 44, 304, 313. Chachigadeva, 52, 148. Chagatai, 193. Chaharaleva, 98, 99, 102, 143, 144, 233. Chaiju, Malik, 185, 186, 289. Chakradeo, 35. Chalukya (Rajputs), 39-42, 53, 65, 66, 67, 100, 311. Chand Bardai, 17, 18, 41, 59. Chandellas, 39-44, 63, 68, 81, 98, 142, 143, 264, 296, 309. Chanderi, 144, 236. Chandrasekhara, 18. Chandrasena, 17, 60, 324. Chandwar ("Chantarwal"), 62, 67, 103. Chandravansi, 47. Chandravati, 40, 148. Chanlradeva, 42, 43, 45. Changiz Khan, 5, 6, 90, 189, 191-194, 200. Chanisar (or Chatisar) Sinanuddin, see Sinanuddin Chanisar. Chatarsal, 194. Chattisgarh, 135. Chauhama, 17, 35, 39, 40, 41, 45, 52, 56-61, 64, 65, 67, 98, 99, 100, 145-148, 233, 265, 309, 312, 314, 325. Chaugan, 86, 289. Chedi (country), 42, 145, 304. China, 75. Chinab (river), 78, 89, 90, 113, 129, 190, 191, 200, 203, 204, 206. Chishti, Khwaja Muinuddin, see Muinuddin Chishti. Chishti (Sufi order), 283. Chitor ("Chitrur"), 39, 40, 69, 146, 148. Chodaganga, 44, 47. Chunar, 69, 142. Comilla, 164. Cunningham, 101, 147, 298, 326.

c27.10

c27.11

Dacca, 164, 167. Dadbak, 288. Dalaki-Malaki, 143. Dalakeswar and Malakeswar, 143. Dalilul Arefin, 13. Damdama, 75. Damoh, 41. Danuj Rai (also Danujmardanadeva and Danujmadhava Ariraja Dasaratha), 164, 167, 168. Darbhanga, 103. Darjeeling, 77. Darla, 140. Darul Aman, 172, 332. Darul Islam, 217. Datoli, 149. Debal, 37, 38, 92, 111, 196, 198. Delhi, 7-9, 10, 12, 17, 33, 39, 41-43, 56, 59, 61, 63-66, 69, 79, 81-90, 92-101, 105, 108-110, 114-117, 119, 121, 123-132, 135, 136, 144, 147-149, 152-155, 157-159, 161-163, 165-168, 171-172, 176, 178-183, 185-188, 190, 191, 193-210, 212-215, 217, 218, 228, 238, 241, 244, 245, 247, 251, 254, 258, 261, 264-267, 269, 270, 273, 278, 279, 282, 284, 286, 290, 295, 296, 299, 302-305, 313, 324, 325, 330, 331. Dera Ghazi Khan, 302. Dera Ismail Khan, 51. Derajat (valley), 199. Deva (dynasty), 167. Devkot (also misprinted Deokot), 75, 77, 85, 94, 137. Devnagri, 264, 265. Dharavarsha, 66. Dibya, 46. Dharyagrama, 71. Dinajpur, 75. Dinar, Malik, 27. Doab, 43, 60, 62, 63, 67, 103, 127, 142, 148, 157-159, 198, 248, 279. Dor (Rajputs), 60, 62. Dwija, 33.

c27.12

c27.13

Egypt, 217, 276, 279. Elliot (Henry Myers), 9, 37. Etah, 60, 62, 143, 149, 299.

c27.14

c27.15

Fakhre Mudir, 67, 86, 222, 226, 247, 328.

c27.16

Fakhruddin, kotwal, 157, 166, 175, 177, 186, 187, 230. Fakhruddin Mubarakshah, 9, 80, 85, 315. Fakhruddin Mubarakshah, Farrukhi, 118. Fakhruddin Razi, 80. Fakhruddin Salari, 110, 115, 196. Faras, 26. Fariduddin Shakargunj, 13, 282, 302, 305. Furrukhabad, 81, 159. Fatehpur, 143. Fatimide (Caliphs), 217, 278, 279. Fatawa-i-Alamgiri, 16. Fatawa-i-Jahandari, 11, 16. Fawadul Fawaid, 12. Ferishta, Muhammud Qasim b. Hindu Khan, 11, 14, 37, 57, 58, 66, 213, 282, 325. Fiqh-i-Firozshahi, 16. Firdousi, 3. Firoz, Sultan Jalaluddin Khalji, (also Firoz Yaghrash Khalji), 183, 184-188, 222, 237, 261, 274, 286, 299, 302, 304, 316. Firozkoh, 80. Firozpore, 207. Firoz, Ruknuddin (prince and sultan), 106, 107-113, 118, 126, 200, 244, 263. Firoz Tughluq (sultan), 11, 16, 38, 54, 147, 221, 222, 223, 254, 257, 258, 261-263, 286, 287, 289, 299, 301, 305, 306, 307, 315. Fushanj, 28. Futuhus-Salatin, 13.

c27.17

c27.18

Gabriel (angel), 316. Gahdvala, 42-46, 48, 55, 60, 62, 63, 67, 69, 81, 102, 103, 140, 159, 264, 296, 306, 309. Gakkar, 327. Ganapati, 145. Ganesh Das Badrah, 15. Ganga (dynasty), 74, 134, 138. Gangarampur, 75. Ganges, 48, 50, 56, 60, 67, 71, 74, 76, 96, 123, 127, 136, 137, 138, 140, 148, 150, 160, 242, 313. Ganges-Jumna Doab, see Doab. Gangetic, valley, 4, 54, 82, 102, 149; —plain 81. Ganguri, 241. Gaonsunar, 168. Gardaiz, 51, 52. Garga-javanas, 95. Garo (hills), 140. Garmsir, 26, 198. Gauhati, 77, 95, 139, 140. Gaya, 45, 46, 48, 141.

c27.19

Gazlak Khan, 276. Gharjistan, 26, 36. Ghazi Malik, 278, (see also Ghiyasuddin Tughluq). Ghazni, 3, 9, 20, 24-26, 30, 33, 35, 51, 52, 58, 62, 66, 69, 78, 79, 81-81, 88, 93, 94, 128, 189-194, 197, 198, 201, 211, 214, 230, 265, 309, 325. Ghaznawide, 4, 8, 20, 24, 25, 28, 34, 35, 41, 53, 54, 215, 216, 224, 226, 295, 309. Ghiyaspur 185. Ghiyasuddin (son of Iltutmish), 109. Ghiyasuddin (son of Khwarizm Shah), 196. Ghiyasuddin (Atabek of Iraq), 23. Ghiyasuddin Balban, see Balban, Ghiyasuddin. Ghiyasuddin b. Sam (sultan of Ghor), 26, 28-31, 80. Ghiyasuddin Iwaz, see Iwaz, Sultan, Ghiyasuddin. Ghiyasuddin, Mahmud (of Ghor), 33, 83, 320. Ghiyasuddin Tughluq, Sultan, 38, 221, 236, 237, 292, 294, 297. Ghor, 4, 6, 20, 22, 24, 26-30, 33, 37, 56, 80, 82-84, 190, 198, 201. Ghoride, 7-10, 25, 27, 28, 30, 31, 32, 37, 49, 80, 190. Ghori, 113. Ghori, Malik Qutbuddin Hasan, see Qutbuddin Hasan Ghori. Ghori, Muhammud, see Muizzuddin Muhammud b. Sam. Ghuzz, 3, 21, 22, 23, 25-27. Girnar, 39. Gogra (river), 103, 165. Gola, 59. Gog and Magog, 210. Gomal, pass, 51, 52. Gopagiri, 142. Gopal, 144. Gopalgir, 157, 159, 248. Gopal-Madhuban, 142. Gorakhpur, 45. Govindachandra, 42, 43, 45, 55. Govindapala, 48, 70. Govindarai, 42, 59. Gujrat, 14, 18, 39-42, 44, 52, 91, 100, 146, 168, 196, 279, 282, 291, 312, 323. Gurganj, 31. Gurgaon, 23, 147. Gurjara-Pratihara, 34, 43. Gulshan-i-Ibrahimi, see Tarikh-i-Ferishta. Gwalior, 15, 43, 64, 65, 81, 98, 99, 101, 102, 107, 142, 143, 144, 209, 242, 254, 295. Gwalior Namah, 15.

c27.20

c27.21

Haji Dabir, 14, 155, 188. Hajinagar, 164, 167. Hajib Tughatigin, 55. Hajner, 93, 206, 207, 209. Hakra (river), 91. Hamadan, 216. Hamdullah Mustaufi Qazwini, 8. Hamid Raja, 289. Hamiduddin Mutriz, 285. Hamirpur, 142. Hammira (Chauhana), 18, 100, 148. *Hammira* (amir), 4, 55, 59. *Hammira-Maha-Kavya*, 18, 59, 98, 99, 145. Hammiravarma, 142. Hannay, Col., 77. Hansi, 35, 41, 54, 56, 57, 59, 60, 90, 109, 147, 239, 240. *Hara*, 55. Haras (tribe) 78. *Harhars* (tribe), 78. Hariana, 241. Harischandra, 63, 81. Hariraja, 61, 62, 63, 64. Harsha (of Kanouj), 33. Hasanak, 230. Hasan Arnal, 68, 83. Hasan Basri, 175, 177. Hasan Barani, see Barani, Hasan. Hasan Nzami, 9, 59, 60, 62, 64, 86, 89, 92, 99, 100, 252, 285, 295, 307, 328. Hasan Qarlugh, Saifuddin, see Qarlugh, Saifuddin Hasan. Hasan, Malik Qutbuddin, see Qutbuddin Hasan Ghori. Hathiya Paik, 304. Hazaribagh, 46. Helmand (river and valley), 183, 199. Herat, 9, 23, 25-31, 201, 204, 208. Himalayas, 41, 50, 56, 128, 131, 189, 313. *Hind*, 168. Hindi, 17, 82, 121, 289. Hindu Khan (prince of Khwarizm), 30. Hindu Khan, Malik, 111, 239. Hindukush, 32, 173, 189, 194, 273. Hindu Shahiya, 3, 93, 309, 314. Hinduism, 28, 85, 300, 303, 306. Hindusthan, 4, 50, 52-54, 57, 61, 62, 66, 83, 109, 127, 144, 149, 158, 160, 162, 280, 281, 294, 309, 312. Hiraman Munshi, 15. Hisar, 69. Hooghly, 46, 137. Hoshiarpur, 302. Hulaku, 6, 131-133, 154, 208, 210, 247. Husain, A. M., 13. Husain, Kharmil, 78. Husamuddin Iwaz, see Iwaz, Sultan Ghiyasuddin. Husamuddin Manikpuri, 13. Husamuddin Marikla, 285. Husamuddin Ughulbak, see Ughulbak.

c27.22

c27.23

Ibn Battuta, 14, 37, 152, 289, 301, 320. Ibnul Asir, 6, 67, 327, 328. Ibrahim (Ghaznawide), 54. Ibrahim, Adilshah (of Bijapur), 14. Ighraki, 193. *Ijaz-i-Khusravi*, 12. Ikhtiyaruddin (Daulat Shah) Balka Khalji, see Balka Khalji. Ikhtiyaruddin Muhammud Bakhtiyar Khalji, see Bakhtiyar Khalji. Il-Arslan, 23, 24, 27. Iladgiz, 78. Ilagchi, 288. Ilbari, 3. Il-khans, 280. Iltuniah, Malik Ikhtiyaruddin, 113-116, 276. Iltutmish, Sultan Shamsuddin, 9, 10, 38, 63, 86-103, 106-110, 114, 120-122, 127, 134, 141, 143, 145, 146, 148, 152, 153, 157, 161, 162, 170, 172, 173, 191-193, 195, 196, 199, 200, 207, 211, 217, 221, 226, 227, 229, 233, 241, 243, 244, 247, 253, 262, 265, 266-270, 276, 277, 279, 286, 288, 296, 298, 308, 316-320, 330-333. Imaduddin Rayhan, 121, 122, 125, 127, 130, 131, 184, 205-207, 226. Imaduddin Shafurqani, 118. Imadul Mulk, 158, 222, 223, 248, 273. Inderpat, (Indraprastha and Indrasthana) see Delhi. India, 1, 3-10, 14, 16, 33-35, 37, 42, 44, 46, 49, 50, 51, 52, 64, 80-82, 85, 91, 104, 106, 136, 140, 162, 173, 174, 180, 189, 190, 192-197, 200, 205, 230, 235, 243, 249, 260, 264, 268, 272, 273, 275, 278, 280, 281, 284, 288, 292, 293, 298, 305, 309, 312, 329, 331, 333. Indus (river), 3, 4, 82, 89, 92, 93, 104, 128, 190-194, 197-202, 204, 205, 210, 214, 327. Iran, 3, 83, 131, 278, 288. Iranian, 218, 275, 280, 288, 290. Iraq, 3, 6, 21, 23, 29, 132, 192, 196, 197, 216, 220, 273. Isami, (pen-name), 13, 109, 132, 210.

c27.24

Ismaili (Shiahs), 79, 279. Iwaz, (Malik Husamuddin, later,) Sultan Ghiyasuddin, 85, 94, 95, 96, 97, 103, 240, 267. Izzuddin Balban-i-Yuzbaki, see Yuzbaki.

c27.25

c27.26

Jabalipura, 41. Jadava, 39. Jadon Bhatti, 64, 99, 147. Jagannath, 74. Jahajnagar, 164. Jahan Ara, 13. Jahanbar, 168. Jahangir (Mughal emperor), 13, 14, 15. Jaichand (of Kanouj), 42, 44, 45, 55, 56, 62, 63. Jaina, 18, 279. Jainagar, 48. Jaipur, 42. Jaisalmer, 37, 148. Jaisingha (of Jitur), 69. Jaitrasinha, 98, 100, 145, 146, 148, 233. Jajallanagar, 135. Jajapella, 102, 142, 262. Jajatinagar, 135. Jajaner, see Hajner. Jajinagar, 164. Jajnagar, 75, 95, 123, 125, 134, 135, 164, 166, 168, 189. Jajpur, 134. Jalalatuddin Raziah, Sultana, see Raziah, Sultana. Jalali, 149, 159, 160, 248. Jalaluddin (saint of Sind), 284. Jalaluddin Firoz Khalji, Sultan, see Firoz, Sultan Jalaluddin, Khalji, Jalaluddin Masud Shah, prince, see Masud, Jalaluddin. Jalaluddin Masud Shah Jani, Malik, see Jani, Malik Jalaluddin Masud Shah. Jalaluddin Mangbarni, see Mangbarni. Jalaluddin Tabrezi, see Tabrezi, Jalaluddin. Jallal Khoja, 304. Jalor, 40, 87, 99, 148. Jam (of Thattah), 38. Jamaluddin Bustami, 219. Jamaluddin Yaqut, see Yaqut Jamaluddin. Jamiut-Twarikh, 8. Jammu, 15, 35, 36, 214, 295. Jamu, 101. Jamuns, 78. Jand, 23. Janer, 93, 210. Jani, Malik Alauddin, 96, 110, 124. Jani, Malik Jalaluddin Masud Shah, also called Kulich Khan, 124-126, 136. Janjuha, 190. Japila, 45, 81. Jarali, 149. Jarum, 26. Jasahkarna, 43, 44. Jasovarma, 39. Jaspal Silira, Rana, 202, 203. Jat, 211, 247. Jatwan, 60. Jaunpur, 54, 63, 103, 158. Javana, 56, 65, 95, 136, 138. Javana-Turushka, 35. Jawamiul Hikayat, 10. Jawarji, Malik, 177, 181. Jaxartes (river), 20, 21, 80, 192. Jayasinha Siddharaja, 39, 40, 44. Jhansi, 45, 65, 98, 142, 144. Jhang, 302. Jhat Rai, 64. Jhelum (river), 78-80, 89, 93, 190, 191, 197, 204. Jitur, see Chitor. Jodhpur, 98, 100, 307. Jubbalpur, 43, 44. Jud, (Koh-i-Jud), 190, 214. Jullunder, 93, 302. Jumna (river), 43, 50, 60, 62, 101, 142, 143, 176, 185, 302, 313. Junaidi, (Mahmud's wazir), 121. Junaidi, Nizamul Mulk, 109. Jurjan, 30. Juwaini, Ataul Mulk, see Ataul Mulk Juwaini.

c27.27

c27.28

Kabir Khan, Malik, 110, 111, 113, 129, 200-202, 237. Kabul, 2, 3, 189, 190, 193. Kacchan, Malik Aitamar, 183-185, 289. Kachwaha (Rajput), 43, 99. Kaikaus, Sultan Ruknuddin, 168, 180, 288. Kaikhusrau, 171, 172, 175, 178, 182, 213, 214, 288. Kaiqubad, Sultan Muizzuddin, 12, 171, 172, 175-186, 213, 214, 223, 227, 228, 243, 249, 263, 268, 270, 273, 288, 303. Kaithal, 116. Kaiumars, Sultan Shamsuddin, 180, 184-188, 230, 288. Kaivarta, 46. Kajol, 48. Kaki, Qutbuddin Bakhtiyar, see Qutbuddin Bakhtiyar Kaki.

c27.29

Kalachuri, 42, 43, 44. Kalhana, 52, 56. Kalinga, 46, 47. Kalinjar, 42, 43, 45, 68, 70, 71, 81, 98, 101, 142, 143, 295, 301. Kaliyun, 26. Kallurkot, 195. Kalpi, 142, 296. Kama (Kumaun), 140. Kamal Mahiar, 278. Kamah, misprinted Kaman 99, 100, 258. *Kamilut-Twarikh*, 6. Kampil, 159, 160, 248. Kampilah, 69. ‘Kamrud’, 74, 95, 138, 193. Kamrup, 46, 47, 75, 76, 95, 125, 138-140. Kamtapur, 140. Kanaibadasibaoa, 77. Kandahar, 189, 190. Kanouj, 42, 46, 62, 63, 67, 69, 101, 102, 124, 149, 185, 239, 241, 296, 297. Kanuri, 160. Karra, 121, 124, 126, 128, 142, 143, 186, 236, 237, 242. Karaha, pass, 51. ‘Karambattan’, 75, 76. Karatoya, 75, 77, 78, 95, 139, 140. ‘Karman’, (also Kerman); 27, misprinted Kirman, 51, 82-84, 193. Karmanasa, 69. Karnadeva, 142. Karnal, 57, 325, 326. Karwan Rai, 66. Kashli Khan, Malik Saifuddin, 226, 244. Kashlu Khan, 118, 120, 130-132, 150, 202, 204, 208-210, 237, 244, 314. Kashmir, 15, 190. Kasi, 43, (see also Benares). Kasili, 100, 146. Kasrak, 258. Katasin, (also Katasingh), 135. Katehar, 102, 160. Katehriya (Rajput), 102, 149, 158, 160. Kathiawar, 39. Kausik, 43. Kayadra, 53, 311. Kerauli, 64. Kesava Sena, 95, 138. Khaibar, pass, 51, 52. Khajuraho, 45, 68, 295. Khalji, 5, 7, 58, 69, 70, 82, 85, 91, 96, 97, 104, 122, 157, 173, 182, 183, 186, 187, 193, 198, 214, 221, 231, 233, 236, 254, 257, 273, 286, 292, 320.

c27.30

Khalji, Sultan Alauddin, see Alauddin Khalji, Sultan. Khalji, Ikhtiyaruddin Muhammud Bakhtiyar, see Bakhtiyar Khalji. Khalji, Sultan Jalaluddin Firoz, see Firoz Khalji, Sultan Jalaluddin. Khalji, Sultan Qutbuddin Mubarak, see Qutbuddin Mubarak Khalji. Khan i-Shahid, see Muhammud, prince. Khanzadah, 147. ‘Kharapara’ (also Kharparaka), 145, 304. Kharnak, 31. Khasi (hills), 140. Kher, 99. Khita, 290. Khitai Turk, 3. Khiva, 84, see also Khwarizm. Khokar, (also Khakaras), 36, 78, 79, 89, 145, 190, 191, 195, 198, 200, 211, 247, 301, 305, 327, 328. Khurasan, 22-24, 26-30, 90, 94, 192, 193, 199, 208, 210, 273. Khurasani, 58. *Khulasatul-Akhbar*, 8. Khusrau, Amir, see Amir Khusrau. Khusrau Malik (Ghaznawide), 25, 35, 53, 295. Khusrau (son of Bahram, Sultan or Ghazni), 25, 35, 36. Khusrau, (Sassanide king of Persia), 315. Khwaja Khatir, 177, 178, 220. Khwand Amir, 8. Khwarizm, 21-24, 28. Khwarizm, prince, 7, 38, 91; empire 33, 90; troops, 88, 193, 198; kings, 154; officers, 197; emperors, 216; history, 235; dynasty, 278. Khwarizm Shah, 23, 27, 28, 30-33, 36, 51, 80-84, 88, 190, 200. Kikluk, Malik, 143. Kilokhri, 176, 181, 185-187. Kiradu, 53. Kirmani, Qutbuddin, 195. Kiramiah, (sect), 295. Kishangarh, 56. *Kitabur Rahlah*, 14. Koch, 76. Kochi, Malik, 110, 111. Kohana, 299. Koh-i-Jud, see Jud. Kohistan, 30. Kohpayah, 147, 161, 214. Kol (also Koil), 62, 63, 83, 209, 220, 240, 302, 303, 333. Kola, see Gola. Konkan, 2, 40. Kosala, 43. See also Awadh.

c27.31

Kotah, 40, 67, 145. Kothiwala, 253. Kshatriya, 34, 47. Kuhram, 59, 87, 88, 91. Kujah, 94, 192, 206. *Kerkalagiri*, 148. Kumarapala (of the Pala dynasty), 46. Kumarapala ("Kupala") of Bayana, 64. Kumarapala (of Gujrat), 40. Kumaon, see Kama. Kuntilah, 69. Kunya-Urgendg, 21. Kuret Khan, Malik, 141, 203. Kurez, Malik, 130, 203. Kurram, pass, 51. Kurramdeo, 149. Kurt (dynasty), 9. Kurt, Ruknuddin, 9, 204, 208. Kurt, Shamsuddin, 203, 204. Kusdar, 93.

c27.32

c27.33

Lahore, 32, 35, 36, 52, 53, 57, 58, 78, 79, 83, 85, 88-90, 92, 93, 108, 109, 111, 113, 120, 129, 157, 161, 169, 170, 235, 244, 260, 265, 291, 293, 295, 320, 323. *Lak*, 93. Lakhanapala, 45, 55, 102. Lakhanor, 75, 76, 94, 123, 134-137. Lakh Buksh, 86. Lakhisarai, 48. Lakhminia, 72, 74, see also Lakshmana-sena. Lakhnauti, (Lakshanavati), 74, 75, 76, 82, 85, 87, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 109, 111, 122-126, 134, 135, 137, 139, 163, 165, 167, 168, 179, 212, 230, 234, 246, 267, 270, 311. Lakshmi, 266. Lakshmikarna, 43. Lakhwal, 209. Lalitpur, 41. Lamghan, 183. Lataiful-Ghiyasi, 80. Lavanaprasada, 41. Lawah, 100, 146. Lodorva, 37. Lohangdeo, 64. Lucknow, 168. Ludhiana, 207.

c27.34

c27.35

Maalimul Qurba fi Ahkamil Hisbah, 257. Machlishahr, 63. Madanapala, (of Bengal), 46, 47, 48. Madanavarma, 43, 45. Madaran, 137. Madommanapala, 73. Magadha, 48, 59, 140. Maha-Benares, 168. Mahakal, 296. Mahanayaka, (of Rhotasgarh), 141. Mahanadi, 135. Maharanaka (of Kakkaredi), 44, 142. Maharanaka Pratapadhavala, see Pratapadhavala. Mahiar, Kamal, see Kamal Mahiar. Mahoba, 42, 45, 68, 142, 143, 295. Maligunj, 85. Mahmera, Rukn, see Rukn Mahmera. Mahmud, Sultan, (of Ghazni), 4, 7, 20, 34, 35, 37, 54, 55, 79, 224, 230, 265, 276, 279, 296, 309, 323. Mahmud, Ghiyasuddin, (of Ghor), see Ghiyasuddin, Mahmud. Mahmud, Sultan Nasiruddin, see Nasiruddin Mahmud, Sultan. Mahmud, Nasiruddin, (son of Iltutmish), see Nasiruddin Mahmud, prince. Mahmud, Nasiruddin, (Bughra Khan), see Bughra Khan. Mahmudpur, 265. Mainamati, 164. Mianwali, 195. Mujmal-i-Fasihi, 8. Makala, 194. Makhdum, 48. Makhiala, 194. *Maksidah*, 85. Makran, 2, 93, 197, 327. Malayavarmadeva, 98, 101. Maldah, 74, 75, 124, 302. Meldeo Rana, 168. Maliah, 299. Maikpur, 194, 195. Maikshah (Seljuq), 16, 21. Malka, 147, 148. Matlaul-Anwar, 12. Malwah, 39, 41, 43, 67, 99, 101, 142, 144-146, 148, 312. Mamluk, 276. Mandar, see Madaran. Mandahir, 211. Mandor, 40, 99, 118, 148. Manglana, 98, 99. Mangal Deo, 100. Mangbarni, Jalaluddin, (of Khwarizm), 7, 38, 90, 91, 93, 128, 191, 192, 193, 194-197, 305. Mangu Khan, 6, 7, 205, 206. Mangutah, 202. Maner, 69. Manikpur, 123, 128, 186, 221, 304. Manikya, 164. Mankislagh, 23.

c27.36

Mansurah, 279. Mansurpur, 109, 116. Marshall, Sir John, 330. Marikla, Husamuddin, see Husamuddin Marikla. Marwar, 52, 145. Masalikul-Absar, 17. Masud (I, Ghaznawide), 20, 21, 34, 54, 230. Masud (III, Ghaznawide), 55, 56. Masud, Sultan Alauddin, see Alauddin Masud, Sultan. Masud, prince Jalaluddin, (son of Iltutmish), 205-208. Masud-i-Sad b. Salman, 55. Masum, Muhammad, see Mir Masum. Mathurah, 60, 142, 298. Mawardi, Ahmad b. Hasan, 16, 220, 229, 255. Meerut, 60, 150, 303. Meghna (river), 164. Memeluke, 4, 19, 214-216, 218, 220, 221, 224, 225, 231, 242, 245, 249, 259, 262, 263, 266, 271, 273, 276, 277, 279, 280, 282-284, 286, 287, 290-294, 300, 304, 305, 329, 330. Merv, 21-23, 27, 30, 31. Merver-rud, 31. Mesopotamia, 6. Mew, 147. Mewar, 39, 40, 145, 148. Mewat, 145-147. Mewati, 147, 148, 158, 159, 203, 261. Mher, 65, 311. Miapur, 150. Midnapur, 135, 137. Mihir, 117. Minas, 211. Minhaj, Minhaj-i-Siraj, or Minhajuddin, Abu Umar b. Sirajuddin al-Juzjani, 9-11, 30, 72, 74, 75, 76, 143, 145, 146, 152, 192, 205, 207, 221, 223, 224, 226, 228, 230, 241, 244, 246, 247, 250, 255, 257, 266, 277, 278, 279, 285, 296, 325, 327. Mir Ali Sher Qaani, 15. Miratul Abrar, 13. Mir Khvand, 8. Mir Masum, 15, 30. Mirzapur, 63, 81. Mithila, 47, 48, 95. Mleccha, 35, 36. Monghyr, 48, 63, 140. Mongol, 3, 6, 7, 9, 29, 33, 90, 91, 96, 104, 113, 117, 119, 127, 133, 152-155, 161, 162, 169-171, 174, 178, 179, 181, 185, 191-212, 215, 244, 270, 271, 275, 278, 282, 285, 286, 313, 314, 317.

c27.37

Moradabad, 60. Muayyid, 22, 23, 26, 27. Mubarak Khalji, Sultan Qutbuddin, see Qutbuddin Mubarak Khalji. Mubarak Ghaznawi, Syed, 298. Mughal, 5, 14, 80, 190, 227, 256, 260, 282. Mughisuddin (qazi), 254, 300. Mughisuddin, Yuzbak, Ikhtiyaruddin, see Yuzbak-i-Tughril. Mughisuddin Tughril, see Tughril, Mughisuddin. Muhammad, prince (son of Balban, also called Khan-i-Shahid), 12, 169, 170, 175, 212, 236, 332. Muhammad (Prophet), 300. Muhammad (son of Kashlu Khan), 132, 133. Muhammad Bulaq, see Bulaq, Muhammad. Muhammad Masum, see Mir Masum. Muhammad (of Narnaul), 302. Muhammad b. Sam, Sultan Muizzuddin, see Muizzuddin Muhammad b. Sam. Muhammad Sheran Khalji, 76, 85. Muhammad b. Tughluq, Sultan, 220, 222, 27, 250, 262, 268. Muhammad b. Qasim, 2. Muhammad Qasim b. Hindu Khan, see Ferishta. Muhammad Qad daraz, see Qad Daraz. Muhazzabuddin, Khwaja, 111, 115, 121, 219, 220, 314. Muinuddin Chishti, Sanjari, 281, 283, 302. Muizzuddin Bahram, Sultan, see Bahram. Muizzuddin Kaiqubad, see Kaiqubad, Sultan Muizzuddin. Muizzuddin Muhammad b. Sam, Sultan, (of Ghor), 17, 28, 31-33, 35-38, 42, 51-54, 57-59, 61-66, 78-84, 92, 104, 188, 190, 191, 217, 221, 235, 244, 264, 266, 270, 273, 279, 282, 295-297, 300, 301, 309, 311, 315, 318, 320, 324, 327, 328. Mulahidah, 30, 79, 278, 280. Mularaja (of Gujrat), 39, 51, 53. Multan, 35, 36-38, 52, 53, 78, 87, 91-93, 109, 121, 129-133, 161, 169, 171, 175, 178, 179, 181, 182, 186, 191, 192, 194-205, 208-210, 212-214, 235, 237, 253, 270, 279, 281, 282, 286, 298, 333. Muntakhabut-Twarikh, 14. Murghab (river), 26.

c27.38

Muzaffar Khan, 149. Mymensingh, 139, 140.

c27.39

c27.40

Nadia (also "Nodia"), 71-75, 137, 138. Nadol, 39, 40, 52, 66, 67, 99. Nagar, 75. Nagari, script, 198, 218. Nagaur, 52, 95, 118, 130, 146, 149, 237, 270, 333. Nagda, 100. Nahar Deo, 102, 144, 146. Nahar Deva, 102, 144. "Nahuns", 78. Najmuddin Abu Bakr, 119-120, 121, 122. Najmuddin Abu Bakr Muhammad b Ali, *al-Rawandi*, 6. Najmuddin Sughra, 219. Nal Raja, 297. Nalanda, 70. "Nalpur", 142. Nandanah, 93, 94, 192, 195, 197, 204. Nanyadeva, 47. Narain, 58. 325, See also Tarain. Narangoi, 240. Narasinha, (of Orissa), 44, 134-137, 311. "Nardin", 93. Narkilah, 164-167. Narnaul, 302. Narwar, 98, 99, 102, 142-144. Nasiri, Madrasah, 282. Nasiruddin Qarlugh, (son of Saifuddin Hasan), 209. Nasiruddin Mahmud, Sultan, 10, 93, 116, 119-122, 124-127, 130, 131, 141, 147, 148, 152, 153, 158, 162, 169, 176, 203-205, 207-210, 219, 226, 227, 230, 240, 242, 244, 258, 264, 268-270, 319, 333. Nasiruddin Mahmud, prince (eldest son of Iltutmish), 89, 90, 96, 97, 103, 106, 286. Nasiruddin Mahmud, Bughra Khan, see Bughra Khan. "Natir", sic for Tunir which see. Nauja, Raja, see Raja Nauja. Navadwip, 22. See also Nadia. Nepal, 78, 313. Nessa, 27. Nessawi, Nuruddin Muhammad Zaidari, 7. Nevill, 266, 267, 269, 271. Newal, 297. Nilauti, 159. Nile (river), 50. Neshanur, 23, 27, 30.

c27.41

Nisyani, Tahir Muhammad, see Tahir Muhammad Nisyani. Niyaltigin, Ahmad, 54. Nizami, Hasan, see Hasan Nizami. Nizami Uruzi, 26. Nizamuddin Auliya (Budauni), 12, 280, 282, 302. Nizamuddin Bakhshi, 14, 325. Nizamuddin, Malik, 177-182, 263, 276. Nizamul Mulk, Tusi, 16, 234. *Nizamut-Twarikh*, 7. Noakhali, 164. "Nuhaoor" see Lahore. Nur Turk, 279, 280. Nuruddin, qazi (of Baran), 324. Nuruddin Muhammad Aufi, see Aufi, Nuruddin Muhammad. Nuruddin Muhammad Zaidari, Nessawi, see Nessawi Nuruddin Muhammad. Nushtigin, 21. Nusrat Khan, Malik, 209, 211.

c27.42

c27.43

Onissa, 44, 47, 74, 95, 123, 134, 135-138, 164, 168, 213. "Odantapuri" see Uddandapur. Oxus (river), 20, 31, 32.

c27.44

c27.45

"Pachapur", 56. Padma, 164. Pakpattan, 56, 282. Pala, 43, 45-48. Palam, 145, 307. Palapala, 48. Panjnad (river), 200. Panjor, 149. Parihara, 40, 64, 98, 101, 102, 143. Paramaras, 38-42, 101, 148. Paramardi, (of Kalinjar) 42, 45, 68, 81. Paramardi (Kalachuri), 44. Pasraur, 90, 196. Patiala, 57, 149. Patiali, 69, 159, 160, 248. Patna, 45, 48, 140. Pattikera, 164. Pavanadutam, 135. Persia, 8, 128, 215, 280, 315. Persian, 2, 17, 86, 90, 260, 272, 286, 288, 299, 305, 325. Peshawar, 35, 36, 51-53, 190, 191, 327. Pithipati, 46, 140, 141. Pratapadhavala, 45, 81. Pratapadevi, 61. Prithu, 103. Prithviraja, 18, 28, 35, 36, 41, 56-61.

c27.46

64, 325, 326. *Prithviraja Rasau*, 15, 17, 41, 42, 59. *Prithviraja-Vijaya-Kavya*, 17, 42. Pulwal, 237, 258. Pundits, 251. Punjab, 4, 25, 32, 34-37, 49, 50, 52-55, 78, 79, 82, 84, 88, 91, 93, 94, 127, 128, 132, 133, 189, 191, 194, 195, 197, 198, 200, 202, 206, 208-210, 213-215, 224, 247, 281, 302, 327. Purana Qila, 299. *Puratan Prabandha Samgraha*, 18. Puri, 48. Pushkar, 56.

c27.47

c27.48

Qaani, Mir Ali Sher, see Mir Ali Sher Qaani. Qad Daraz, Malik Muhammud, 324. Qaimaz Rumi, 85. Qalqashandi, 16, 220 Qamaruddin Kirmani, 195. Qarachal, 193. Qara-Khitai, 22-24, 27, 28, 30-32, 38. *Qaramitah*, 35-38, 79, 278, 279, 299. Qaraqash Khan, Malik, 115, 118, 119, 201, 276. Qaraqoram, 205. Qarlugh, 3, 21, 24, 204, 264. Qarlugh, Saifuddin Hasan, 93, 129, 130, 197-202, 204, 209. Qazwini, Hamdullah Mustaufi, see Hamdullah Mustaufi Qazwini. Qipchaq, 29. *Qiranus-Sadain*, 12. Qirbeg, 285. Qiwamuddin, Malik, 177. Qiwamul Mulk, 58, 61. Qubachah, Nasiruddin, 10, 82, 87-92, 100, 191, 195, 196-198, 261. *Qubbatul Islam*, 299. Qurittai, 199. Qutb Minar, 61. Qutbuddin Aibak, see Aibak, Qutbuddin. Qutbuddin Bakhtiyar Kaki, 13, 197, 219, 281. Qutbuddin Hasan Ghori, Malik, 24, 118, 120, 198. Qutbuddin Mubarak Khalji, Sultan, 272. Qutlugh Khan, 127, 128, 130-132, 147, 206, 244.

c27.49

c27.50

Radhadhara, 99. Raghava, 47. *Rahatul-Muhebbin*, 13. Rahatul Qulub, 13. *Rahatus-Sudur*, 6. Raibaningarh, 135. Rai Beerajit Mal, see Beerajit Mal. Rainsi, 59. Raisal, 78. *Rajmala*, 18. Raja Nauja, 164, 167. Rajani, 304. Raj Darashani, 15. Rajput, 4, 5, 18, 33-35, 38, 52-54, 60-66, 68, 72, 82, 85, 87, 98, 100, 104, 119, 142-143, 147, 148, 158, 159, 293, 310-313, 326. Rajputana, 18, 39, 40-41, 50, 52, 53, 60, 61, 65-67, 98-101, 104, 118, 145-148, 211, 313. Ramganga (river), 149. Rampala, 46. Ramsin, 99. Rana Chahir Ajari, 102, 144. See also Chaharadeva. Rangamati, 77. Ranthambhor, 18, 61, 64, 87, 98, 99, 102, 144 146, 148, 233. Ranpal, 128. Rarli ("Ral"), 46, 75, 95, 136, 138. *Rasmala*, 18. Rasiduddin, wazir, 7, 8. Rashiduddin, 101. Rashtrakutas, 45, 46, 67, 102. Rathor, 91. Ratnapha, 164. Ratnapur, 44, 99. *Rauzatul Aqtab*, 13. *Rauzatul-Jinnat*, 9. Raverty, (Major H. G.), 14, 97, 116, 234, 241, 325, 327. Ravi, (river), 4, 80, 192, 201, 204, 211, 213, 214. Rawalpindi, 194. Rawandi, Najmuddin Abu Bakr, 6. Rawats, 168. Rayhan, Imaduddin, see Imaduddin Rayhan. Raziah, Sultana Jalalatuddin), 94, 99, 106-114, 116, 122, 126, 129, 144, 145, 198, 200, 226, 247, 248, 265, 270, 279, 319. Rewah, 44, 142. Rhotak, 177. *Riyazus-Salatin*, 15. Riwari, 147. Rohilkhand, 102, 150. Rhotasgarh, 141. Rose, 327, 328. Ross, E.D., 9, 14. Rukn Mahmera, 285. Ruknuddin (saint of Sind), 282.

c27.51

35, 136, jamana), al), 213, 326. vari. erishta, uzidah, Masudi, kshahi, saf, 7. l, 102, 99, 266, 1. 36. 8. z Ruknuddin Kaikaus, see Kaikaus. Ruknuddin Kurt, see Kurt, Ruknuddin. Rupnagar, 55. Rurki, 150. Ryarideva, 47.

c27.52

c27.53

Subuktigin (of Ghazni), 276, 327. Sadar Jahan Gujrati, 11. Sadaruddin (saint of Sind) 282. Sadruddin (of Multan), 171. Safed Koh, 52. Safinatul Auliya, 13. Sagar, 44. Shahajapala, 40. Sahlat, 69. Sahli, 69. Saifuddin Aibak, Malik, see Aibak, Malik Saifuddin. Saifuddin, (younger brother of Alauddin Jahansoz), 26. Saifuddin Suri, 24, 25. ‘Siaon’, 328. Siarul-Arefin, 13. Sakas, 312. Sakhi Sarwar, 302. ‘Sanknat’, 74. Salari, Malik Fakhruddin, see Fakh ruddin Salari, Malik. Sali Bahadur, 132, 133, 203, 206, 208. Salim, Ghulam Husain, 16. Salihpur, 299. Sallakshanapala, 64, 65. Salt Range, 52, 78, 89, 90, 93, 169, 190-194, 196, 202, 203, 206, 211, 214. Samana, 89, 121, 132, 183, 209, 211, 212, 214, 238. Samanta, (of Ajmer), 40. Samanta Sinha (of Chitor), 40. Samanta Rai, 135. Samarqand, 20, 23, 24. Samarqand, Khan of, 21, 24, 31. Samara Sinha, 148. ‘Sama-Sorala-Deva’, 98, 233. Sambhal, 124, 149, 160, 205. Sambhar, 55, 100, 148. Sanchor, 99. Sang-i-Surakh, (mountain), 51, 52. Sanjar, (Seljuq emperor), 20-23, 25, 26. Sanjar Sihwistani, 127. ‘Sankanat’ (Sankakot?) 74. Sankuran, 51, 82, 84, 327. Sanskrit, 18, 55, 56, 59, 77, 103, 141, 145, 286, 299, 302, 304, 307. Santosh, 85. Santur, 161. Santurgarh, 128. Sapadalaksha, 50, 140.

c27.54

Saraju (river; also ‘Saru’ or ‘Sarf’), 127, 167, 179, 180. Sarakhs, 23, 27, 30, 31. Sarhatta, 99. Sarka, 78. Sarsuti, 58, 59, 87, 88, 91, 325, 326. Sasaram, 141. ‘Sehi’, 328. Sehwan, 93, 196-198, 200, 202. Seistan, 199. Seljuq, 3, 4, 6, 16, 20, 22, 23, 29, 35, 116, 154, 234, 235, 278. Sena, Kesava, see Kesavasena. Sena, Lakshmana, see Lakshmanasena. Sena, Vijaya, see Vijayasena. Sena, Viswarup, see Viswarupsena. Shabdoddikadrama, coins, 103. Shadna Shahid, 333. Shafei, 280. Shahabad, 45, 140. Shahabuddin, 103. Shahabuddin Abbas, 16, 220, 268, 269, 276. Shahak, Malik, 181. Shahjahan, 13. Shahr-i-Nau, 176. Shah Turkan, 108, 109, 110. Shaista Khan, 183. Shakargunj, Fariduddin, see ‘Fariduddin Shakargunj. Shansabani, (dynasty), 4, 6, 8, 10, 17, 33, 36, 54, 63, 80, 278, 280, 295, 309. Shamsuddin Tabrezi, (Shams-i-Tabrez), 333. Shamsuddin Iltutmish, Sultan, see Iltutmish, Sultan Shamsuddin. Shamsuddin, Qazi, 121. Shamsuddin Kaiumars, Sultan, see Kaiumars, Sultan Shahmsuddin. Shekasubhodaya, 18, 302. Sher Shah Sur, 246. Sher Khan, Sunqar, 120, 121, 130, 131, 156, 164, 169, 203, 211, 244. Shiah, 278-280. Sialkot 35, 36, 53, 90, 93, 191, 192, 196. Siddharaja, Jayasinha, see Jayasinha Siddharaja. Sidi Maula, 174. Sikkim, 77. Silhako, 77. Silahara (dynasty), 40. Sinanuddin Chanisar, 38, 92, 196. Sind, 2, 4, 15, 33, 34, 36-38, 49, 52, 82, 89, 92, 127-133, 161, 168, 169, 197, 199-205, 208-211, 236, 253, 272, 279, 282, 313. Sind Sagar Doab, 51, 52, 90, 93, 190, 192, 193, 198-202, 212. Sirat-i-Jalaluddin Mangbarni, 7.

c27.55

Sirhind, 57, 89, (Sirhindah). Sirhindi, Yahya b. Ahmad b. Ab Abdullah, see Yahya Sirhindi. Sirmur, 128, 131, 206. Sirohi, 40, 67 (Siroh'). Siyasat Khan, 183. Siyasat Namah, 16, 227. Siwalikh 5, 34, 50, 88, 148, 239. Siwistan, see Sehwan. Sodhara (river, ancient name for the Chinab), 200, 206. Solanki, 91: see also Chalukya. Someswara, 40, 41. Somnath, 296. Sramanas, 70. Sri Krishna, 299. Subhul Asha, 16. Sufi, 104, 281-283. Sughra, Najmuddin, see Najmuddin Sughra. Suhrawardia, (order of the Sufis), 281. Sulaiman, 22. Sulaiman mountains, 51, 52. Sultankot, 64, 65. Sultanpur, 272. Sultanshah, 27-29. Suhma (country), 135, 138. Summa, (tribe), 15, 38. Sumra (dynasty), 15, 37-39, 92, 279. Sunam, 209, 211, 212, 238. Sunargaon, 164, 166, 168. Sundarbans, 73. Sunni, 278-280. Sunqar, Badruddin, see Badruddin Sunqar. Surkha, Malik, 183, 184, 187. Surjana-Charita-Kavya, 18. Sutlej, (river), 50, 56, 206, 207, 208.

c27.56

c27.57

Tabaqat-i-Akbari, 14, 291. Tabaqat-i-Nasiri, 10, 11, 53, 70, 103, 204, 227, 263, 275. Tabarhindah, 57, 325. Tabrezi, Jalaluddin, 18, 282, 302. Tabrezi, Shamsuddin, see Shamsuddin Tabrezi. Tafsil-i-Sikka, 25. Tahangarh, 64. Tahir Muhammud Nisyani, 15, 37. Tajik, 1, 113. Tajuddin Yalduz, see Yalduz, Tajuddin. Tajul Maasir, 9, 252. Takash (Khwarizm Shah) 27-31. Talqan, 26, 193 (misprinted Talkan). Talsandah, 149. Talwarah, 325. Tamur Khan, Malik (Qamaruddin Qiran), 103, 123, 124, 135, 136, 142, 144, 164. Tamur Khan, (muqti, of Samana), 211, 212. Tamur Khan, (Mongol general), 213, 214. Tarai, see Tarain. Tarain, 54, 58, 82, 89, 325, 326. Taranath, 69, 70. Tarawari, see Azimabad-Tarawari. Tarikh, Alfi, 8; Binagiti, 8; Ferishta, 14; Firozshahi, 11, 308; Guzidah, 8; Jahankusha-i-Juwaini, 6; Masudi, 230; Masumi, 15; Mubarakshahi, 14, 100; Tahiri, 15, 38; Wassaf, 7. Tartary, 3, 90. Tatar, 210. Tatar Khan, 126, 163, 164. Tayasai, Malik Nasiruddin, 101, 102, 110, 143, 242, 262. Temujin, see Changiz Khan. Terai, 50. Thaneswar, 88, 325, 328. Thangir, (also Tahangarh), 99, 100. Thari, (desert), 38. Thattah, 15, 38. Thomas, Edward, 97, 233, 263, 266, 267. Tibetan, chronicler, 70. Tibet, 75, 76, 189. Tijara, 99. Tiloki, see Biloki and Tiloki. Tipperah, 18, 164. Tirahiah, (tribe), 327, 328. Tirhut, 95, 103, 128. Tirmiz, 32. Tista, 75. Tochi, pass, 51, 52. Tod, Col. 17, 37, 145. Tomaras, (Rajputs), 41, 43, 59, 61. Tons, (river), 142. Torawana, 326. Trailokyavarma, 44, 81, 142, 143. Transoxiana, 20, 21, 24, 29, 32, 236. Trilochanpal, 309. Tripuri, 43. Tughan Shah, 27. Tughatigin, Hajib, 55. Tughluq, dynasty, 220, 221, 236, 238, 246, 254, 257, 276, 283, 287, 289. Tughluq, Sultan Firoz, see Firoz Tughluq. Tughluq Sultan Ghiyasuddin, see Ghiyasuddin Tughluq, Sultan. Tughluq, Muhammud b., see Muhammud b., Tughluq. Tughril (title), 288. Tughril (of Herat), 28, 29. Tughril (Seljuq Atabek of Iraq), 29.

c27.58

Tughril, Bahauddin, 64, 65, 80. Tughril, (later Sultan Mughisuddin Tughril), 155, 163-165, 167, 168, 262. Tughril, Ikhtiyaruddin Yuzbak, (later Sultan Mughisuddin), see Yuzbak. Tughril-i-Tughan Khan, Malik, 111, 122-125, 134-136, 276. Tuhfatul Kiram, 15, 37, 38. Tukharistan, 26, 201. Tulak, 26, 57. Tuli, 193. Tummana (dynasty), 44. Tunir, 65. Turk, 2, 5, 33, 34, 52, 54-56, 65, 67, 68, 70, 73, 76, 81, 82, 86, 112, 121, 140, 141, 153, 173, 183, 188, 190, 216, 219, 231, 234, 272, 273, 275, 277, 278, 288, 290, 296, 300, 306, 309-315, 319, 329. Turkestan, 4, 131, 162, 174, 183, 205, 288, 290. Turki, 288. Turkish, 1, 3-5, 21, 33, 54, 60-62, 66-68, 78, 88, 111, 113, 114, 118, 119, 121, 122, 134, 153, 162, 173, 174, 182-188, 205, 218, 229, 231, 249, 263, 273, 275-277, 279, 280, 288, 289, 312-314, 317, 319, 320. Turtai, 196, 197. Turushka, 52, 53, 55, 69, 73, 77, 99, 142, 146, 148, 164, 307. Turushkadanda, 55, 306. Tus, 16, 23, 30, 31. Tuzaki, Malik, 177, 182, 183.

c27.59

c27.60

Uch, 36, 37, 52, 53, 82, 89, 92, 111, 119, 129-132, 196, 199-202, 204, 205, 209, 210. Udaipur, 40, 42. Udayakarna, 47. Uddandapur, 48, 69-70, 140. 'Udisah' see Udaisinha (of Jalor). Ughulbak, Husamuddin, 63, 68. Ughulbak, (Turkish name), 288. Ujjain, 67, 101, 296. Uktai Khan, 128, 199. Ulugh Khan, (title), 277. Ulugh Khan, 162, 202-207, 209, 261; see also Balban, Sultan Ghiyasuddin. Umardan, 136-138; see also Amardan. United Provinces, 17. Urdu, 305. Usman, Khan of Samarqand, 31. Utkal, 46. Uzbek Pai, 196-199.

c27.61

c27.62

Vaidya, 325. Vaidyadeva, 16, 47. Vaitarani, (river), 134. Vallabhadeva (of Kamrup), 47. Vallanadeva, 98, 233. Vanaraja, 141. Varendri, 46, 47, 75, 95, 136. Varmans (dynasty), 46, 47. Vidyapati, 307. Vigraharaja, 56. Vijayachandra, 45, 55. Vijayakarana, Ranaka, 63. Vijaymandirgarh, 64. Vijayasena, 46, 47. Vijnot, 91. Vikramaditya, (Chalukya), 47. Vikrampur, 74, 164, 167. Vikramsila, 70. Vindhya (Mts) 34, 41, 50. Viranarayana, 99. Virnarayana, 99. Viravarma, 142. Visalapura, 42. Visalraja, 41. Vishnu, 307. Viswarupsena, 95, 138. Vyaghra, 142.

c27.63

c27.64

Wailhind, 309. Wanjrut, 91. Wiqayah, 16. Wazirabad, 206. Wright, Nelson, 263, 266-270.

c27.65

c27.66

Yaghrash Khalji, see Firoz, Sultan Jalaluddin Khalji. Yahya Sirhindi, 14, 37, 165, 186, 325. Yakshapala, 46. Yalduz, Tajuddin, 35, 51, 52, 80, 82-85, 87, 191, 264, 320, 327. Yaqub, 16. Yaqut, Jamaluddin, 112, 114. Yuzbak, Ikhtiyaruddin Yuzbak-i-Tughril, (later Sultan Mughisuddin), 124-126, 136-138, 201, 234. Yuzbaki, Izzuddin Balban, 125, 126, 138.