[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [General history and culture](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general) › [The Cambridge History of India, Vol. III: Turks and Afghans](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.haig-1928) › v3.c10 # The Cambridge History of India, Vol. III: Turks and Afghans v3.c10: Chapter XII The Cambridge History of India, Vol. III: Turks and Afghans v3.c10 - **Language:** English ### Chapter XII ### [v3.c10.1](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.haig-1928.v3.c10.1) THE KINGDOM OF KASHMĪR ### [v3.c10.2](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.haig-1928.v3.c10.2) | | PAGE | | Introduction of Islam into Kashmīr by Shāh Mīrzā | 277 | | Accession and deposition of Jamshīd | 277 | | Accession of ‘Alā-ud-dīn | 277 | | Death of ‘Alā-ud-dīn and accession of Shihāb-ud-dīn | 278 | | Death of Shihāb-ud-dīn and accession of Qutb-ud-dīn | 278 | | Death of Qutb-ud-dīn and accession of Sikandar | 279 | | Persecuting zeal of Sikandar the Iconoclast | 280 | | Death of Sikandar and accession of ‘Alī Shāh | 280 | | Accession of Zain-ul-‘Ābidīn | 281 | | Tolerance, benevolence and enlightenment of Zain-ul-‘Ābidīn | 282 | | Strife between the sons of Zain-ul-‘Ābidīn | 283 | | Death of Zain-ul-‘Ābidīn and accession of Haidar Shāh | 284 | | Death of Haidar and accession of Hasan | 285 | | Death of Hasan and accession of Muhammad | 285 | | Deposition of Muhammad and accession of Fath Shāh | 285 | | The \*Nūr-Bakhsh\* Sect | 286 | | Restoration of Muhammad | 287 | | Restoration and second deposition of Fath Shāh | 287 | | Second restoration of Muhammad | 287 | | Third deposition of Muhammad and accession of Ibrāhīm | 287 | | Death of Ibrāhīm and accession of Nāzuk Shāh | 287 | | Third restoration of Muhammad | 287 | | Death of Muhammad and restoration of Nāzuk Shāh | 288 | | Conquest of Kashmīr by Mīrzā Haidar | 288 | | Expulsion of the Foreigners and restoration of Nāzuk | 289 | | Deposition of Nāzuk and enthronement of Ibrāhīm II | 289 | | Deposition of Ibrāhīm II and enthronement of Ismā‘īl | 289 | | Death of Ismā‘īl and accession of Habīb Shāh | 289 | | Deposition of Habīb and usurpation of Ghāzī Chakk | 290 | | Abdication of Ghāzī Shāh and accession of Husain | 290 | | Abdication of Husain and accession of ‘Alī Shāh | 291 | | Death of ‘Alī Shāh and accession of Yūsuf | 292 | | Expulsion of Yūsuf, and his recovery of his throne | 292 | | Invasion of Kashmīr by Bhagwān Dās | 293 | | Annexation of Kashmīr by Akbar | 293 | ### [v3.c10.3](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.haig-1928.v3.c10.3) CHAPTER XIII ### [v3.c10.4](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.haig-1928.v3.c10.4) GUJARĀT AND KHĀNDESH ### [v3.c10.5](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.haig-1928.v3.c10.5) By Professor Sir E. Denison Ross, C.I.E., Ph.D., Director of the School of Oriental Studies, University of London, and Professor of Persian ### [v3.c10.6](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.haig-1928.v3.c10.6) | Establishment of the independence of Khāndesh and Gujarāt | 294 | | Muzaffar I of Gujarāt | 295 | | Death of Muzaffar I and accession of Ahmad | 296 | | Death of Rāja Ahmad of Khāndesh | 296 | | Accession of Nasīr Khān in Khāndesh | 297 | | Invasion of Gujarāt by Hūshang Shāh of Mālwa | 297 | | Invasion of Mālwa by Ahmad I of Gujarāt | 298 | ### [v3.c10.7](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.haig-1928.v3.c10.7) | | PAGE | | War between Gujarāt and the Deccan . . . . . . | 299 | | Death of Nasīr Khān of Khāndesh and accession of ‘Ādil Khān I . . | 300 | | Death of ‘Ādil Khān I and accession of ‘Ādil Khān II . . . . | 300 | | Invasion of Gujarāt by Mahmūd I of Mālwa . . . . . | 301 | | Defeat of the army of Gujarāt by Rānā Kūmbha . . . . . | 302 | | Qutb-ud-dīn of Gujarāt invades the Rānā's territory . . . . | 303 | | Death of Qutb-ud-dīn and accession of Dāūd . . . . . | 303 | | Deposition of Dāūd and enthronement of Mahmūd Begarha . . . | 304 | | Mahmūd Begarha marches to the aid of Nizām Shāh of the Deccan . . | 304 | | Mahmūd's invasion of Sorath . . . . . . . . | 305 | | Invasion of Sind by Mahmūd Begarha . . . . . . | 307 | | Conspiracy against Mahmūd Begarha . . . . . . | 308 | | Mahmūd besieges Chāmpāner . . . . . . . . | 309 | | Capture of Chāmpāner . . . . . . . . . | 310 | | Depredations of the pirate, Bahādur Gīlānī . . . . . | 311 | | Defeat of the Portuguese fleet off Chaul . . . . . . | 312 | | War of accession in Khāndesh . . . . . . . | 313 | | Accession of ‘Ādil Khān III in Khāndesh . . . . . . | 314 | | Death of Mahmūd Begarha. His character . . . . . | 315 | | Defeat of the Egyptian fleet by the Portuguese off Diū . . . . | 316 | | Designs of Muzaffar II of Gujarāt on Mālwa . . . . . | 317 | | Campaign in Īdar . . . . . . . . . . | 319 | | Massacre of the Rājputs in Māndū . . . . . . . | 319 | | Muzaffar II invades the territories of the Rānā . . . . . | 320 | | Flight of Bahādur, Muzaffar's second son, from Gujarāt . . . . | 321 | | Death of Muzaffar II. Disputed succession in Gujarāt . . . . | 322 | | Enthronement of Bahādur in Gujarāt . . . . . . | 323 | | War between Gujarāt and Ahmadnagar . . . . . . | 324 | | Bahādur retires from the Deccan . . . . . . . | 325 | | Dispute between Bahādur and Mahmūd II of Mālwa . . . . | 326 | | Conquest of Mālwa by Bahādur . . . . . . . | 327 | | Completion of the conquest of Mālwa . . . . . . | 328 | | Rupture between Humāyūn and Bahādur . . . . . . | 329 | | Capture of Chitor . . . . . . . . . . | 330 | | Defeat of Bahādur by Humāyūn . . . . . . . | 331 | | Invasion of Gujarāt by Humāyūn . . . . . . . | 332 | | Humāyūn is recalled from Gujarāt by events in Hindūstān . . . | 333 | | Death of Bahādur at Diū . . . . . . . . | 334 | | Accession of Muhammad Shāh of Khāndesh to the throne of Gujarāt . | 335 | | Death of Muhammad and accession of Mahmūd III . . . . | 335 | | The Egyptian fleet and the army of Gujarāt besiege the Portuguese in Diū . . . . . | 336 | | Raising of the siege of Diū . . . . . . . . | 337 | | Mahmūd III frees himself from Daryā Khān . . . . . | 338 | | Overthrow of ‘Ālam Khān . . . . . . . . | 339 | | Defeat of the army of Gujarāt by the Portuguese . . . . | 340 | | Successes of the Portuguese . . . . . . . . | 341 | | Death of Mahmūd III . . . . . . . . . | 342 | | Accession of Ahmad II . . . . . . . . . | 343 | | Death of Ahmad II . . . . . . . . . | 344 | | Accession of Muzaffar III . . . . . . . . | 345 | | Civil war in Gujarāt . . . . . . . . . | 346 | | Akbar invades Gujarāt . . . . . . . . . | 347 | | Akbar annexes Gujarāt . . . . . . . . . | 348 | ### [v3.c10.8](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.haig-1928.v3.c10.8) CHAPTER XIV ### [v3.c10.9](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.haig-1928.v3.c10.9) THE KINGDOM OF MĀLWA ### [v3.c10.10](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.haig-1928.v3.c10.10) | | PAGE | | Dilāvar Khān establishes his independence in Mālwa | 349 | | Death of Dilāvar Khān and accession of Hūshang | 349 | | Invasion of Mālwa by Muzaffar I of Gujarāt | 349 | | Hūshang's two invasions of Gujarāt | 350 | | Hūshang's expedition to Orissa | 351 | | Death of Hūshang and accession of Muhammad Shāh | 352 | | Mahmūd Khaljī usurps the throne | 353 | | Mahmūd's expedition to Delhi | 354 | | Mahmūd invades the dominions of Rānā Kūmbha | 355 | | Mahmūd's second invasion of the Rānā's dominions | 356 | | Mahmūd's two invasions of Gujarāt | 356 | | Mahmūd's invasion of the Deccan | 356 | | Mahmūd recovers Ajmer from the Rāna | 357 | | Mahmūd invades the Deccan but is compelled to retreat | 358 | | Mahmūd's third invasion of the Deccan | 358 | | Kherla is captured by the army of the Deccan but recovered by Mālwa | 359 | | Death of Mahmūd I. His character | 360 | | Accession of Ghiyās-ud-dīn | 361 | | Folly of Ghiyās-ud-dīn | 362 | | Fratricidal strife between Ghiyās-ud-dīn's sons | 363 | | Accession of Nāsir-ud-dīn | 364 | | Death of Nāsir-ud-dīn and accession of Mahmūd II | 365 | | Predominance of the Rājputs in Mālwa | 366 | | Revolt of Bihjat Khān of Chanderī | 367 | | Mahmūd II flees from the Rājputs and takes refuge with Muzaffar of Gujarāt | 368 | | Mahmūd II is defeated by the Rānā, Sangrama | 368 | | Bahādur Shāh of Gujarāt annexes Mālwa | 369 | | Shujā'at Khān appointed viceroy of Mālwa by Sher Shāh | 370 | | Annexation of Mālwa by Akbar | 371 | ### [v3.c10.11](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.haig-1928.v3.c10.11) CHAPTER XV ### [v3.c10.12](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.haig-1928.v3.c10.12) THE KINGDOM OF THE DECCAN, a.d. 1347-1436 ### [v3.c10.13](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.haig-1928.v3.c10.13) By Lt.-Colonel Sir Wolseley Haig ### [v3.c10.14](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.haig-1928.v3.c10.14) | Bahman Shāh establishes his independence in the Deccan | 372 | | Consolidation of the kingdom by Bahman | 373 | | Suppression of a revolt and establishment of Gulbarga as the capital | 374 | | Division of the Deccan into four provinces | 375 | | Death of Bahman Shāh and accession of Muhammad I | 376 | | Administration of the kingdom | 377 | | The rise of Vijayanagar | 377 | | Muhammad I issues a gold currency | 378 | | War with Kānhayya of Warangal | 380 | | First war with Vijayanagar | 381 | | Peace with Vijayanagar | 382 | ### [v3.c10.15](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.haig-1928.v3.c10.15) | | PAGE | | Suppression of the rebellion of Bahrām . | 382 | | The great mosque of Gulbarga . | 383 | | Death of Muhammad I and accession of Mujāhid . | 383 | | Second war with Vijayanagar . | 383 | | Assassination of Mujāhid and accession of Dāūd . | 384 | | Assassination of Dāūd and accession of Muhammad II . | 384 | | Famine in the Deccan . | 385 | | Rebellion of Bahā-ud-dīn of Sāgar . | 385 | | Death of Muhammad II and accession of Ghiyās-ud-dīn . | 386 | | Deposition of Ghiyās-ud-dīn and accession of Shams-ud-dīn . | 386 | | Deposition of Shams-ud-dīn and accession of Fīrūz . | 387 | | Third war with Vijayanagar . | 387 | | The exploit of Qāzī Sirāj-ud-dīn . | 388 | | Defeat of the Hindus . | 389 | | War with the Gonds of Kherla . | 390 | | Mission sent by Fīrūz to Tīmūr and its results . | 391 | | The goldsmith's daughter of Mudgal . | 391 | | Fourth war with Vijayanagar. Defeat of the Hindus . | 392 | | Expeditions into Gondwāna and Telingāna . | 393 | | Fifth war with Vijayanagar, and defeat of Fīrūz . | 394 | | Abdication and death of Fīrūz and accession of Ahmad . | 395 | | Sixth war with Vijayanagar . | 396 | | Defeat of the Hindus and massacres in the Vijayanagar kingdom . | 397 | | Peace with Vijayanagar. Famine in the Deccan . | 398 | | Expeditions to Warangal and Māhūr . | 399 | | War between the Deccan and Mālwa . | 399 | | Defeat of Hūshang Shāh of Mālwa . | 400 | | Ahmad I selects Bīdar as his capital . | 400 | | War between the Deccan and Gujarāt . | 401 | | Kherla is annexed by Mālwa . | 402 | | Death of Ahmad I . | 402 | | The "Foreign" question in the Deccan . | 403 | ### [v3.c10.16](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.haig-1928.v3.c10.16) CHAPTER XVI ### [v3.c10.17](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.haig-1928.v3.c10.17) THE DECLINE AND FALL OF THE KINGDOM OF THE DECCAN, A.D. 1436-1490 ### [v3.c10.18](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.haig-1928.v3.c10.18) By Lt.-Colonel Sir Wolseley Haig ### [v3.c10.19](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.haig-1928.v3.c10.19) | Accession of 'Alā-ud-dīn Ahmad II . | 405 | | Expedition to Vijayanagar and the Konkan . | 405 | | War with Khāndesh . | 406 | | Seventh war with Vijayanagar. Defeat of the Hindus . | 407 | | Unsuccessful expedition into the Konkan . | 408 | | Massacre of the Foreigners by the Deccanis . | 409 | | Rebellion of Jalāl Khān . | 409 | | Death of 'Alā-ud-dīn Ahmad II and accession of Humāyūn . | 410 | | Rebellion of Sikandar Khān and Jalāl Khān . | 410 | | Humāyūn the Tyrant . | 411 | | Death of Humāyūn and accession of Nizām Shāh . | 412 | | Mahmūd I of Mālwa invades the Deccan . | 413 | | Retreat of the army of Mālwa . | 413 | | Second invasion of the Deccan by Mahmūd I of Mālwa . | 413 | | Death of Nizām Shāh and accession of Muhammad III . | 413 | ### [v3.c10.20](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.haig-1928.v3.c10.20) Rise of Mahmūd Gāvān to power. . . . . . . . . 414 War in the Konkan and Orissa . . . . . . . . 415 Foreigners and Deccanis . . . . . . . . . 416 Famine in the Deccan . . . . . . . . . 417 Campaign in Telingāna. . . . . . . . . 417 Invasion of the Carnatic . . . . . . . . 418 The subdivision of the Four Provinces . . . . . . . 419 Murder of Mahmūd Gāvān . . . . . . . . 420 Disaffection of the provincial governors . . . . . . 421 Death of Muhammad III and accession of Mahmūd . . . . 422 Contest between Foreigners and Deccanis. . . . . . . 423 Decline of the royal authority . . . . . . . . 423 Death of Malik Nāib, leader of the Deccanis . . . . . . 424 Partition of the kingdom . . . . . . . . . 425 Qāsim Barīd becomes regent . . . . . . . . 426 Rebellion of Bahādur Gīlānī. . . . . . . . . 427 Strife between the provincial governors . . . . . . 428 Strife between Sunnīs and Shiahs . . . . . . . 429 Mahmūd attempts to regain his freedom . . . . . . 430 Last days of the Bahmanī dynasty . . . . . . . 431 Extinction of the Bahmanī dynasty . . . . . . . 432 ### [v3.c10.21](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.haig-1928.v3.c10.21) CHAPTER XVII ### [v3.c10.22](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.haig-1928.v3.c10.22) THE FIVE KINGDOMS OF THE DECCAN, A.D. 1527-1599 ### [v3.c10.23](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.haig-1928.v3.c10.23) By Lt.-Colonel Sir WOLSELEY HAIG ### [v3.c10.24](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.haig-1928.v3.c10.24) The Five Kingdoms—Bījāpur, Ahmadnagar, Golconda, Berar, and Bīdar . . . . . . . . . 433 Events in Bījāpur and Ahmadnagar . . . . . . . 434 War between Ahmadnagar and Berar . . . . . . . 435 War between Vijayanagar and Bījāpur . . . . . . 435 Bahādur of Gujarāt invades the Deccan . . . . . . 436 Ismā‘īl ‘Ādil Shāh captures Bīdar . . . . . . . 437 Ismā‘īl ‘Ādil Shāh recovers the Rāichūr Doāb . . . . . 437 War between Bījāpur and Ahmadnagar . . . . . . 438 Death of Ismā‘īl and accession of Ibrāhīm ‘Ādil Shāh I . . . . 439 War between Bījāpur and Vijayanagar . . . . . . 439 The Shiah religion established in Ahmadnagar . . . . . 440 Assassination of Sultān Qulī Qutb Shāh of Golconda and accession of Jamshīd Qutb Shāh . . . . . . . . . 440 Bījāpur invaded by the armies of Vijayanagar, Ahmadnagar, and Golconda . . . . . . . . . 441 Plot to place ‘Abdullāh on the throne of Bījāpur supported by the Portuguese . . . . . . . . . 441 Burhān Nizām Shāh renews his alliance with Vijayanagar . . . 442 Death of Jamshīd Qutb Shāh and accession of Subhān Qulī. Deposition of Subhān Qulī and accession of Ibrāhīm . . . . 443 War between Ahmadnagar and Bījāpur . . . . . . 443 War between Bījāpur and the Portuguese . . . . . . 444 Death of Ibrāhīm I and accession of ‘Alī ‘Ādil Shāh I . . . . 444 Confederacy against Ahmadnagar . . . . . . . 445 Arrogance of the Raja of Vijayanagar . . . . . . 446 ### [v3.c10.25](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.haig-1928.v3.c10.25) | | PAGE | | Muslim confederacy against Vijayanagar | 447 | | War between the confederacy and Vijayanagar | 448 | | The battle of Talikota | 449 | | Defeat of the Hindus and destruction of Vijayanagar | 450 | | Death of Husain I and accession of Murtazā Nizām Shāh I | 450 | | War between Bījāpur and Ahmadnagar | 451 | | Confederacy against the Portuguese. Its discomfiture | 452 | | Invasion of Berar by Murtazā Nizām Shāh I | 453 | | Annexation of Berar by Ahmadnagar | 454 | | Intrigues between Golconda and Ahmadnagar against Bījāpur | 455 | | Campaign in Berar | 456 | | Rebellion of Burhān, brother of Murtazā Nizām Shāh | 457 | | Death of ‘Alī I and accession of Ibrāhīm ‘Ādil Shāh II | 458 | | War between Ahmadnagar and Bījāpur | 458 | | Troubles in Bījāpur and imprisonment of Chānd Bībī | 459 | | Bījāpur is besieged by the armies of Ahmadnagar and Golconda. The siege is raised | 460 | | Death of Murtazā and accession of Husain Nizām Shāh II | 461 | | Death of Husain II and accession of Ismā‘īl Nizām Shāh | 461 | | Burhān Nizām Shāh II, countenanced by Akbar, attempts to return to Ahmadnagar. His discomfiture | 461 | | Battle of Rohankhed. Deposition of Ismā‘īl and accession of Burhān Nizām Shāh II | 462 | | Burhān unsuccessfully attacks the Portuguese in Chaul | 462 | | Death of Burhān II and accession of Ibrāhīm Nizām Shāh | 463 | | Death of Ibrāhīm Nizām Shāh. Civil war in Ahmadnagar | 463 | | A faction in Ahmadnagar appeals to Sultān Murād, son of Akbar | 463 | | Appeal to Ibrāhīm ‘Ādil Shāh II | 464 | | Sultān Murād and the Khān Khānān besiege Ahmadnagar | 464 | | The siege is raised and Berar is ceded to Akbar | 465 | | Renewal of hostilities between Ahmadnagar and the Empire | 465 | | Murder of Chānd Bībī. Ahmadnagar is captured by Sultān Dāniyāl, Akbar's youngest son | 466 | --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.haig-1928.v3.c10](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.haig-1928.v3.c10) · Pramāṇa