Later Mughals v1.c6.s28: Sec. 27.—Bahadur Shah's Wives and Children.

Later Mughals v1.c6.s28

Language: English

Sec. 27.—Bahadur Shah's Wives and Children.

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Two wives Mihr-Parwar and Amat-ul-habib survived Bahadur Shah, and the former accompanied his body from Lahor to Dihli. The second of these ladies, also called Aziz-un-nissa Khanam, died in Dihli on the 22nd Rabi II. 1148, aged nearly sixty. Mihr-Parwar, or Mihr-un-nissa Begam, died at the same place on 10th January, 1744, aged over eighty years. Arslan Khan Kashghari (Chaghtai Khan Fath Jang) was her sister's son (he died 4 Shaban 1121 H. T-i-Mhdi) and his death-notice shows him to have been the son of Shah Khan, son of Sayyid Abdullah Khan Chengazi Kashghari. [K. K. 629, Mirza Md., T-i-Mdi.]

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Kh. Kh. (ii. 334) mentions a Rani Chattar Bai as one of Shah Alam's wives (zauja) in 1097, when he fell under Alamgir's displeasure.

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Miftah (299) says Jahandar Shah's mother was Nizam Bai [which wife of Bahadur Shah was this?]

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One wife, married before 1081 H. (1670-'1) was Nur-un-nissa Begam, the daughter of Sanjar Khan Najm Sani ; she was the mother of Rafi-ul-qadr (Masir-i-Alamgiri, 106-'7, Khafi Khan ii. 330) and exercised great influence over her husband. Another wife was the daughter of Rup Singh Rathor ; she was the mother of Daulat-Afza and Mhd. Azim (M. A., pp. 49, 93).

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This marriage took place in 1071 H. (K. K. ii. 128). Rup S. Rajah of Kishangarh took the side of Dara Shukoh and was killed at Samugarh in 1068 (Masir-ul-umara, ii. 268).

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Nur-un-nissa. Manucci Part iv. p. 3 says she died in Kabul in Feb. 1701. Shah Alam's wives: Khafi Khan ii. 333, 334. Mir-un-nissa Begam; Shakir (Shakir Kh.) her brother.

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In the autumn season (1112 H., 1700 A.D.) Shah Alam came to Atak,—a bridge was built for him with the help of Khush-hal Kh. Khatak etc., crossed to the Afghan side. He halted two days at Khairabad (opposite Atak), then camped at Sarai, and afterwards moved to Naushara. While the Prince was at Khairabad, Amat-ul-habib, a Kafiri slave-girl in his harem, presented the Prince with a son. She was one of three Kafiri slave-girls sent to Alamgir by Allahdad Khweshgi, faujdar of Langar Kot. Two of them died, and the third was presented to Shah Alam in order to spite the latter's wife, the mother of Rafi-ush-shan. (H. G. Raverty Notes on Afghanistan, 1880, p. 445 and note). For more about Amat-ul-habib, and Mihr-Parwar's jealousy of her, see Masir-ul-umara, iii. 780 (sub voce Mutahavvar Kh. B. Khweshgi).

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The following table shows the sons and other descendants of Bahadur Shah who were either alive at his death in Muharram 1124 or had predeceased him.

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MUHAMMAD MUAZZAM

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OR SHAH ALAM, BAHADUR SHAH, B. 1053, D. 1124.

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Note. (15) Yahya Khan (1086) calls him Rafi-ud-din. Note. (17) had another son, Mubarik Akhtar (Achhe Khan) Khush-hal Chand 383b. Ashob (B. M. Or. 1832, fol. 36a) calls him Buland Akhtar (Achh Sahib). Gentil MS. (Orme Collection) says he left a daughter, Uruz Banu Begam.

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NOTES AND REMARKS ON ABOVE TABLE.

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(1), (2), (3) and (4) Jahandar Shah was born on the 10th Ramzan 1071 [A. N. 614.] Further particulars of this Prince and his children will be given when we come to his death in 1125 H.

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(5) This Azz-ud-din (son of Bahadur Shah) was born in Zul Qada 1074 (Masir-i-Alamgiri, 48) and as we hear no more of him, it must be presumed that he died in infancy.

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(6) Azim-ush-shan was born on the 26th Jamadi I. 1075 (16 Dec. 1664). His mother was the daughter of Rup Singh Rathor, (Masir-i-Alamgiri, 49 and M. U. ii. 270). He was drowned in the Ravi on the 9th Safar 1124, as will be hereafter related. His first wife was the daughter of Kirat Singh and the marriage took place in 1089 H. (Masir-i-A 167). Kirat Singh (d. 1084 H.) was a son of Rajah Jai Singh (I.) Kachhwaha of Amber. (T-i-Mhdi and M. U. iii. 156). The lady's name was Bai Jas Kuar. She died at Dihli on the 21 Rabi II. 1133 H. (T-i-Mhdi) and was buried at the Qutb (Kamwar Khan, 249). She was the mother of Mhd. Karim (Masir-i-A 181). Another of this Prince's wives was Aisha Begam, daughter of Ruhullah Khan Yazdi, the Mir Bakhshi ; the marriage took place in the 33rd year of Alamgir (1100-1 H.). She was the mother of Humayun Bakht and Ruh-ul-quds (Nos. 9 and 10.) The Prince is said to have been very fond of her. She gave birth to twins, a girl and a boy, on the 14th Rabi I. 1121, and died on the 7th Jamadi I. 1121, and was buried on the hill at Daulatabad, near the tomb of the saint Burhan-ud-din. [Kamwar.] Shortly after the death of Aisha Begam the Prince was married [Kamwar] to his cousin, Giti Ara Begam, daughter of the late Azam Shah ; she died on the 20th Ramzan 1136, being then over forty years of age. (T-i-Mdi.) There was also another wife, a Kashmiri woman, the mother of Farrukh-siyar. She had a brother, Khwaja Inayatullah, entitled Shaista Khan. (Died early Rajab 1141. T-i-Mhdi.)

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(7) Muhammad Karim. He was born in Ramzan 1090, his mother being the daughter of Kirat Singh (M. A. 67 and 181). He was married on the 19th Ramzan 1121 to a daughter of Prince Kam Bakhsh (Kamwar Khan). A previous wife, Maryam Banu, died on the 14 Safar 1121, on the march between Hajipur and Anjapur in the Dakhin. Muhammad Karim was seized at Lahor and executed by Jahandar Shah's orders in the end of Safar 1124. He left one daughter Karimat-un-nissa, who died on the 9th Muharram 1139 at Dihli, aged under 20 years. (T-i-Mhdi.)

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(8) Farrukh-siyar will be dealt with when we come to his reign.

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(9) Humayun Bakht. The year of his birth is not specified, but it must have been before 1117, for he died in prison at Dihli on the 27th Rajab 1157, being then over forty years of age (Tarikh-i-Mhdi). His mother was Aisha Begam daughter of Ruhullah Kh. I. (Warid 150b). He was blinded by the order of the Emperor Farrukh-siyar, his own brother, at the instigation, it is said, of the favourite, Mir Jumla. (Warid, p. 131). Khafi Khan (ii. 740) describes him as not more than ten or eleven years old in 1126 H. when he was blinded. But his first mansab of 8,000 (3,000 horse) was given him by Bahadur Shah on the 21st Rabi II. 1120 (Bahadur, 123) and he was then most probably 11 or 12 years of age, being the age at which a mansab was generally conferred on a Prince. Under 1130 H. Mirza Mhd. has an entry which contradicts that of 1157 H. and I am unable to reconcile them unless it be that there is a mistake of name in one or the other,—"1130 H., Prince Mhd. Humayun Bakht, son of Shah Azim-ush-shan Bahadur, son of Shah Alam, died in the day of the 3rd Rabi II. or during the night of the 4th, age 16 years."

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(10) Ruh-ul-quds. This Prince was born in the year 1107 and his mother was the daughter of Ruhullah Khan. (Masir-i-Alamgiri, 373). As we hear no more of him he probably died in infancy.

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(11) Ahsanullah. He died at the age of ten months on the 5 Rabi 1122 (Kamwar Khan).

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(12) Daulat-Afza. He was born in 1080 (Masir-i-Alamgiri, 93) and died in 1099 at Bijapur, (ibid, 314). His mother was the daughter of Rup Singh Rathor, (ibid, 93).

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(13) Rafi-ul-qadr. He was born in Rajab or Shaban 1081, his mother being Nur-un-nissa Begam, the daughter of Sanjar Khan Najm Sani (*Masir-i-Alamgiri* 106-'7). He was killed at Lahor in the battle that he fought against his brother Jahandar Shah on the 21st Safar 1124 (*T-i-Mhdi*). The story will be told in detail later. One of his wives was Raziya-un-nissa, daughter of Prince Akbar, fourth son of Alamgir (Khush-hal Chand 339*b*, *M. A.* 484). The marriage took place at Agra, where Prince Akbar's family were in captivity. (*Yahya Khan* 108*b*.)

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(14) *Rafi-ud-daulah*. Born about 1110 H., died 4th Zul Qada 1131 (Kamwar Khan). His reign will follow that of his brother Rafi-ud-darjat.

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(15) *Rafi-ud-darjat*. Born Jamadi II. 1111, his mother being Nur-un-nissa, the daughter of Shaikh Baqi (*Tarikh-i-Aftab-numa*). He died 24th Rajab 1131 (Kamwar Khan). An account of his reign will follow that of Farrukh-siyar.

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(16) *Sultan Ibrahim*. He was raised to the throne by Sayyid Abdullah Khan on the 15th October 1720, with the title of Shah Jahan Sani (II), as will be more particularly related hereafter. He died in prison at Dihli on the 8th Muharram 1159, at or about the age of fifty years (*T-i-Mhdi*).

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(17) *Jahan Shah* was born on 22nd Jamadi II. 1084 (*M. A.* 128). He was killed near Lahor on the 21st Safar 1124 when fighting against his brother, Jahandar Shah. One of his wives was Zakiyat-un-nissa, daughter of Prince Akbar, fourth son of Alamgir; he was married to her at Agra at the same time as his brother Rafi-ul-qadr was married to her sister (Yahya Khan 108*b*); another was Fakhr-un-nissa Begam, the mother of Roshan Akhtar, afterwards Emperor under the title of Muhammad Shah. She was said to be a descendant of Sharih Qazi; she died on the 2nd Zul Hijja 1145, aged about 60 years. (*T-i-Mhdi*). Another wife or concubine was Nek Munzir, who died at Dihli on the 14th Rabi I. 1157 (*ibid*).