[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [General history and culture](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general) › [History of India, c. 150 A.D. to 350 A.D.: Naga–Vakataka Imperial Period](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.jayaswal-1933) › c14.s5.16 # History of India, c. 150 A.D. to 350 A.D.: Naga–Vakataka Imperial Period c14.s5.16 History of India, c. 150 A.D. to 350 A.D.: Nāga–Vākāṭaka Imperial Period c14.s5.16 - **Language:** English ### [c14.s5.16](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.jayaswal-1933.c14.s5.16) ¹ The oldest form of Gaṅgā in stone is at Jānkhat (see Plate II herein). The next one, together with that of the sister-river Yamunā we find at Bhūmarā; then those at Deogarh, described by Cunningham in A.S.R., vol. X, p. 104, Temple No. 5, where the figures are ‘canopied by a five-hooded Nāga’. They are on the lower faces of the jambs, just as at Samudra Gupta’s Viṣṇu temple at Eran. The Nāga-canopy at Deogarh is unique, nowhere repeated. Nāga is unconnected with the mythology of Gaṅgā and Yamunā. The river motifs themselves are referable to the Bhāraśiva period (see § 30) and its association with Nāga lends strong support to that view. The Nāga-Gaṅgā and the Nāga-Yamunā signify the two sacred rivers of the Nāga territory freed by them. Cf. § 36 on the conscious, political significance of the river motifs. - [Previous: c14.s5.15](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.jayaswal-1933.c14.s5.15) - [Next: c14.s5.17](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.jayaswal-1933.c14.s5.17) - [Up: c14.s5](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.jayaswal-1933.c14.s5) ## Cites (1) - [Bhumara](https://indike.org/pramana/inp.site.bhumara) --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.jayaswal-1933.c14.s5.16](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.jayaswal-1933.c14.s5.16) · Pramāṇa