Ancient Indian Colonies in the Far East (Vol. I: Champa; Vol. II: Suvarnadvipa) v1.c9.s45: No. 54. Pō Klauṅ Garai rock inscription of Jaya Parameśvaravarman I, dated 972 Śaka
Ancient Indian Colonies in the Far East (Vol. I: Champā; Vol. II: Suvarṇadvīpa) v1.c9.s45
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No. 54. Pō Klauṅ Garai rock inscription of Jaya Parameśvaravarman I, dated 972 Śaka
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The inscription was edited by M. Finot (B. E. F., Vol IX, p. 205). (For localities cf. No. 53). The inscription is engraved on two faces of the rock containing respectively seven and five lines. The first three lines contain a Sanskrit verse (metre—śārdūla vikrīḍita) and the rest is in Cham.
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The inscription records that the king Śrī Parameśvaravarmadeva subdued rebellion in Pāṇḍuraṅga and erected a column of victory in 972 (=1050 A. D.).
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TEXT.
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स्वस्ति ।
श्रीमाञ्छ्री परमेश्वरो नरपतिर्नानाकलेकालयो
धर्मेन्दो वलवीर्यकीर्त्तिपरमः सन् सर्व्वभौमः कृती ।
जित्वा पापकपाण्डुरङ्गगणान् हस्ताद्रिरन्ध्रशके
सेनासङ्ख्यकृतौ शिलाचयमिमं संस्थापयामास वै ॥
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TRANSLATION.
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(a).
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Hail !
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The illustrious king Śrī Parameśvara, the unique receptacle of various arts, possessing spiritual illumination, eminent in strength, valour and glory; successful as a universal ruler, having in the śaka year denoted by ‘hasta-adri-randhra’ (972), defeated the vicious people of Pāṇḍuraṅga, deposited here a collection of stones, corresponding to the number of soldiers.¹
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¹ ‘Señā-Saṅkhya-Krtau’ is an obscure expression but the sense is clear from the Cham portion translated below.
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The people of Pāṇḍuraṅga were always stupid, of mischievous spirit, and evil-doers. For instance on several occasions they revolted against different kings of Champā down to the time of His Majesty Śrī Parameśvaravarmadeva who gave all the Barons of the country to the god Parameśvara (probably the country of Pāṇḍuraṅga had been placed under the suzerainty of a great monastery protected by the king). Nevertheless the people of Pāṇḍuraṅga were guilty of culpable acts. They set up different individuals one after another and proclaimed them kings of the country. Then His Majesty Śrī Parameśvaravarmadeva led troops for the conquest of the country and pursued and captured the people of Pāṇḍuraṅga who took shelter in the caves, forests, summits of mountains, and the border of forests........
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And the army captured them in the caves, in the narrow mountain passages and in the ravines--so that not one of them could escape. In the śaka year 972, on the 8th day of the bright fortnight of the 4th month, on Thursday, he made each person lay down a stone in various places, and by giving them to the army, he had a column of victory erected in this very place as a token of authority of His Majesty Śrī Parameśvaravarmadeva. And when this column of victory was completed, the people of Pāṇḍuraṅga, who had revolted, became, for ever, perfectly virtuous and loyal towards the king of Champā.