History of the Qaraunah Turks in India c5: Coins of Muhammad Bin Tughluq
History of the Qaraunah Turks in India c5
- Language
- English
Coins of Muhammad Bin Tughluq
c5.1
The first of these, the *Gospel of the Hebrews*, was used by the Jewish Christians of Palestine, and was probably a version of the Gospel of Matthew, though it contained some traditions not found in our canonical books. The *Gospel of the Egyptians* was used by the ascetic sects of Egypt, and was marked by a strong tendency towards mysticism and asceticism. The *Gospel of Peter* was used by the Docetists, and taught that Christ did not really suffer, but only appeared to do so.
c5.2
These gospels, and others like them, were not accepted by the Church as a whole, and were gradually lost or suppressed. The Church, however, felt the need for a standard collection of writings that would serve as a guide for faith and practice. This led to the formation of the New Testament canon, a process that took several centuries to complete.
c5.3
The first step in this process was the collection of the letters of Paul, which were widely circulated among the churches. Then came the four Gospels, which were accepted as the authoritative accounts of the life and teachings of Jesus. The Acts of the Apostles and the other epistles were gradually added, and finally the Book of Revelation.
c5.4
By the end of the second century, the core of the New Testament was generally accepted by the Church. The process of canonization was not a formal act of a council, but rather a gradual recognition by the churches of the writings that were most valuable for their life and worship. It was only in the fourth century that the canon was formally closed by the councils of the Church.
c5.5
The formation of the New Testament canon was a crucial event in the history of the Church. It provided a standard of faith and practice that helped to unify the Church and to protect it from the influence of heretical sects. It also ensured that the teachings of Jesus and the apostles would be preserved for future generations.
c5.6
Sir Shah Muhammad Sulaiman, Kt., Judge, Federal Court—... it embodies your great researches written in fascinating style, and brings to prominence numerous historical events and particulars which are at least not commonly known to historians. You have presented Muhammad Tughluq’s reign and character in a remarkably new light.
c5.7
Modern Review—His reconstruction of the chronology of this period and the purging of many persistent historical heresies are contributions of great value. The book under review is indispensable to every student of Mediæval India, no matter whether he agrees with or differs from the viewpoint of the author.
c5.8
Sir Tej Bahadur Sapru, Kt.—. . . . . I read about 100 pages last night and was much impressed by the book. I hope to finish the rest in a few days’ time. You are making a very valuable contribution to our historical knowledge and I desire to congratulate you on it.
c5.9
The “Leader”—. . . . . The book is based on original sources and is heavily documented. The author has evidently taken great pains in its preparation and has studied, sifted and analysed all the available material with care.
c5.10
Islam—. . . . . . . . We feel much indebted to Dr. Prasad for his illuminating thesis for which he has appropriately been rewarded in the confirment of a Doctorate.
c5.11
Prof. A. B. Keith—Like the other works of Dr. Ishwari Prasad this treatise seems to be distinguished by the wide knowledge shown by the author, by the judgment exercised in valuing the various testimonies recorded, by clear and interesting narration, and by historical insight. It is plainly a valuable contribution to scholarly investigation of an important aspect of the Mediæval History of India and deserves the cordial appreciation of historians.
c5.12
Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain (D. S. MARGOLIOUTH)—This should be regarded as an exceptionally valuable contribution to the history of Muslim India. It is *Life and Times* of Muhammad Tughluq, collected from both contemporary and later narratives, some printed, others in Ms., which the writer has collected, correcting or confirming their statements from evidence furnished by coins, inscriptions, and notices in both Indian and European works.