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The Cambridge History of India, Vol. I: Ancient India v1.c9: Chapter XVII

The Cambridge History of India, Vol. I: Ancient India v1.c9

Language
English

Chapter XVII

v1.c9.1

THE HELLENIC KINGDOMS OF SYRIA, BACTRIA, AND PARTHIA

v1.c9.2

By GEORGE MACDONALD, C.B., LL.D., F.B.A., First Assistant Secretary Scottish Education Department, formerly Scholar of Balliol College, Oxford

v1.c9.3

Greek and native rulers of the Kābul valley and N.W. India after Alexander . . . . . . . . 427 Chandragupta . . . . . . . . 429 The Indian expedition of Seleucus . . . . . . 430 Relations of Syria with the Maurya empire . . . . 432 Foundation of the kingdoms of Bactria and Parthia . . . 434 Diodotus . . . . . . . . . 436 Arsaces . . . . . . . . . 438 Euthydemus . . . . . . . . 440, 442 Invasion of India by Antiochus III . . . . . . 441 Sophagasenus . . . . . . . . 442 Demetrius . . . . . . . . . 444 Eucratides . . . . . . . . . 446, 454 Euthydemus II; Demetrius II; Agathocles; Pantaleon; Antimachus 447 Heliocles and Laodice . . . . . . . . 453 Plato . . . . . . . . . 456 Parthian invasion of Bactria . . . . . . . 457 Scythian invasion of Bactria . . . . . . . 458 Heliocles . . . . . . . . . 459 Key to Plates I—IV . . . . . . . . 462

v1.c9.4

CHAPTER XVIII

v1.c9.5

CHANDRAGUPTA, THE FOUNDER OF THE MAURYA EMPIRE

v1.c9.6

By F. W. THOMAS, M.A., Ph.D., Librarian of the India Office, formerly Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge

v1.c9.7

Characteristics of the Maurya period and authorities for its history . 467 N.W. India before and after Alexander . . . . . 468 Agrammes, Xandrames, or Dhana-Nanda . . . . . 469 Nanda and Chandragupta . . . . . . . 470 Date of the overthrow of Nanda . . . . . . 471 Plot of the *Mudrārākshasa* . . . . . . . 471 Chandragupta and Seleucus . . . . . . . 472 Megasthenes . . . . . . . . 472 Rule of Chandragupta and extent of his dominions . . . 473

v1.c9.8

CHAPTER XIX

v1.c9.9

POLITICAL AND SOCIAL ORGANISATION OF THE MAURYA EMPIRE

v1.c9.10

By Dr F. W. THOMAS

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| | PAGE |
| Internal conditions: | |
| The land . . . . . . . . . . | 474 |
| Towns and fortifications . . . . . . . | 475 |
| The imperial capital . . . . . . . . | 477 |
| The people . . . . . . . . . . | 477 |
| Trade . . . . . . . . . . . | 478 |
| State of society . . . . . . . . . | 479 |
| Literature . . . . . . . . . . | 482 |
| Language . . . . . . . . . . | 483 |
| Religion . . . . . . . . . . | 483 |
| Law . . . . . . . . . . . | 485 |
| Government and administration: | |
| Civil administration founded on village autonomy . . . | 486 |
| The army . . . . . . . . . . | 489 |
| Foreign policy . . . . . . . . . | 490 |
| Tribal oligarchies . . . . . . . . . | 491 |
| Monarchies . . . . . . . . . . | 491 |

v1.c9.12

CHAPTER XX

v1.c9.13

AÇOKA, THE IMPERIAL PATRON OF BUDDHISM

v1.c9.14

By Dr F. W. THOMAS

v1.c9.15

| Bindusāra . . . . . . . . . . | 495 |
| Events and principal enactments in Açoka's reign . . . | 495 |
| Religious and other foundations . . . . . . | 497, 501 |
| Buddhist Council of Pāṭaliputra and religious missions . . | 498 |
| Duration of Açoka's reign and his family history . . . | 499 |
| Chronology . . . . . . . . . . | 502 |
| Açoka's principles and personal action . . . . . | 504 |
| His admonitions . . . . . . . . . | 507 |
| His ordinances and institutions . . . . . . | 508 |
| The personality of Açoka as revealed in his edicts . . . | 509 |
| His successors . . . . . . . . . | 511 |
| Probable division of the empire after the reign of Samprati . | 512 |

v1.c9.16

CHAPTER XXI

v1.c9.17

INDIAN NATIVE STATES AFTER THE PERIOD OF THE MAURYA EMPIRE

v1.c9.18

By Professor E. J. RAPSON

v1.c9.19

| The peoples of India in the inscriptions of Açoka . . . | 514 |
| Internal strife and foreign invasions the result of the downfall of imperial rule . . . . . . . . . . | 516 |
| Routes connecting Pāṭaliputra with the north-western and western frontiers . . . . . . . . . . | 516 |

v1.c9.20

| | PAGE |
| Kingdoms on the central route . . . . . . . | 517 |
| The Çuṅgas . . . . . . . . | 517 |
| Feudatories of the Çuṅgas . . . . . . . | 523 |
| Kosala and Magadha . . . . . . . | 527 |
| Independent states . . . . . . . . | 528 |
| Rise of the Andhras . . . . . . . . | 529 |
| Conquest of Ujjain . . . . . . . . | 531 |
| Conquest of Vidiçā . . . . . . . . | 533 |
| The Kaliṅgas . . . . . . . . | 534 |
| Key to Plate V . . . . . . . . | 538 |

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