[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [General history and culture](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general) › [Intercourse between India and the Western World from the Earliest Times to the Fall of Rome](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.rawlinson-1916) › c8.78 # Intercourse between India and the Western World from the Earliest Times to the Fall of Rome c8.78 Intercourse between India and the Western World from the Earliest Times to the Fall of Rome c8.78 - **Language:** English ### [c8.78](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.rawlinson-1916.c8.78) The fourth class consisted of the Artizans (τεχνῖται). These, according to the code of Manu, were Vaiśyas, like the Agriculturalists. This class included the great Trade-Guilds, many of which received land and other privileges in return for service rendered to the State. Thus the Armourers and Shipwrights had a monopoly of work in their own branches, receiving wages and rations in payment; and taxes were wholly or partly remitted to State employés. In time of peace, the Admiralty hired out their men of war to merchants to be employed on the flourishing traffic in goods and passengers which went on along the Ganges and Jamnā, and doubtless along the waters of the Indus as well. - [Previous: c8.77](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.rawlinson-1916.c8.77) - [Next: c8.79](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.rawlinson-1916.c8.79) - [Up: c8](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.rawlinson-1916.c8) ## Linked texts (1) - [Mānava Dharmaśāstra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.manu) — Manu & Bhṛgu, Sanskrit --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.rawlinson-1916.c8.78](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.rawlinson-1916.c8.78) · Pramāṇa