New History of the Marathas v1.c20: Index

New History of the Marathas v1.c20

Language: English

Index

v1.c20.1

ABAJI SONDEO, GOVERNOR OF KALYAN—reprimanded 116, 118. ABDULLA QUTBSHAH OF GOLKONDA—dies 226. ABU HASAN QUTB SHAH, (Tana-shah of Golkonda) 227, receives Shivaji's visit 231—233, treaty with Shivaji 232, 305. ACWORTH—translates Afzalkhan Ballad, 129; estimate of Shivaji 284. AFZALKHAN, Bijapur General,—treacherously murders Kasturi Ranga Nayak 72, 81; appointed Subahdar of Wai 112; expedition against Shivaji 123-130; desecrates Hindu temples 124; arranges visit to Shivaji 125; killed 129; his trading vessels 140. AHMADNAGAR, 30, 43. AJITSINH, King of Jodhpur 312. AKANNA (Eknath) Golkonda Minister—226. AKBAR EMPEROR—31; conquers Ahmadnagar 43. AKBAR—son of Aurangzeb,—his flight to Sambhaji 294; letters to Sambhaji 295; distress and end 308-310. ALA-UDDIN KHILJI—15; 25; atrocities on Hindus 26; 89. ALI ADIL SHAH—Conciliates Shahji 81; seizes power 149; goes to Bankapur 157; dies 201, Sikandar Shah succeeds. ALI MARDAN KHAN, Mughal General—taken prisoner 331. AMBAJI TRIMBAK PURANDARE 354. AMBIKABAI, Rajaram's wife—330, becomes sati 342. AMRITRAO NIMBALKAR—put to death 337.

v1.c20.2

ANAJI DATTO SURNIS—118, 128, 215; captures Ponda 220, 250, 255, 293; put to death 299. ANANDRAO MAKAJI, Shivaji's Captain—202, 203, 231, 253. ASAD KHAN, Aurangzeb's Minister, father of Zulfiqar Khan—at Jinji 332. ASAD KHAN, Bijapuri Captain—76, 77. ASHOKA 17. AURANGABAD—44, 49, 114. AURANGZEB—appointed to the Deccan 63, 81; career in the Deccan 114; Aurangabad city named 114; aggression against Bijapur and Golkonda 119; seizes the throne 120; his reception of Shivaji at Agra 168-172; confines Shivaji 176-178; mortification at Shivaji's escape 178-180; orders demolition of Hindu temples, Kashivishweshar pulled down 188; fighting Salher 197-198; reintroduces Jaziya 249; defeats Akbar 295; descends into Deccan 297; embarrassments and conferences 303-305; captures Bijapur and Golkonda 305; his movements and difficulties 324-326; discomfited 329; captures difficult forts 327, 348; treatment given to Shahu 351; last days 358; death 359. AZAM SHAH (Aurangzeb's son) 305; 360.

v1.c20.3

BABA YAKUT, Muslim Saint—229; 269. BADI SAHEBA, Dowager Queen of Bijapur 122, 130; retires to Mecca 149.

v1.c20.4

BAHADUR KHAN, Koka, Mughal grandee 195; builds Bahadurgad 200; attacked by Shivaji 217; attacks Golkonda 247.

v1.c20.5

BAHADUR SHAH of Ahmadnagar—43.

v1.c20.6

BAHAMANI KINGDOM—origin 30.

v1.c20.7

BAHIRJI GHORPADE HINDURAO—321.

v1.c20.8

BAHIRJI NAIK, Shivaji's spy—145.

v1.c20.9

BAHLOL KHAN, Bijapuri Pathan Captain,—Minister 130; besieges Rangna 182; defeated at Umbrani 202; kills Prataprao Gujar at Nesari 203; assumes supreme power 219; 247; dies 249.

v1.c20.10

BAJAJI NIMBALKAR of Phaltan—31, 97, 268.

v1.c20.11

BAJI GHORPADE of Mudhol—arrests Shahji 78, 98; killed 149-152.

v1.c20.12

BAJI MORAY of Javli—put to death 112.

v1.c20.13

BAJI PASALKAR, Shivaji's Captain—96.

v1.c20.14

BAJI PRABHU—slain at Vishalgad 133.

v1.c20.15

BAJI SHARZARAO, son of Kanhoji Jedhe—97, 167, 328.

v1.c20.16

BALAJI AVJI CHITNIS—enters Shivaji's service 118, 128, 167, 180; mission to Udepur 209, 231, 293; put to death 299.

v1.c20.17

BALAJI HARI MAJALASI—96.

v1.c20.18

BALAJI VISHWANATH—Sar Subahdar 253; approach to the Emperor 355.

v1.c20.19

BALKRISHNAPANT MUZUMDAR—96.

v1.c20.20

BANGALORE—captured by Shahji 29, 72-73, 77; danger spot 98.

v1.c20.21

BHASKARACHARYA—19.

v1.c20.22

BHAVANI sword—122.

v1.c20.23

BHOJNATH, Sayanna's brother—78.

v1.c20.24

BHOSLES—rise of 39, 45, 46.

v1.c20.25

BHUSHAN, Hindi poet—33, 145, 148, 268.

v1.c20.26

BUKKA of Vijayanagar—28, 29.

v1.c20.27

BULAND AKHTAR, son of Shahzada Akbar—312.

v1.c20.28

BURHAN NIZAMSHAH—43.

v1.c20.29

CHAKRADHAR, founder of Manabhav sect—20, 21, 22; death 23.

v1.c20.30

CHALUKYAS, early 17; later 18.

v1.c20.31

CHAND BIBI—43, 130.

v1.c20.32

CHANDRAGUPTA MAURYA—19.

v1.c20.33

CHAUTH—origin discussed 200, 220, 356.

v1.c20.34

CHHATRASAL BUNDELA—268.

v1.c20.35

CHIMNAJI AVJI CHITNIS—119.

v1.c20.36

DADAJI BAPUJI, cousin of Shamrao Nilkanth 115.

v1.c20.37

DADAJI KONDDEV of Malthan, Shivaji's guardian—69, 74; builds Lal Mahal 88, 89; character 91, 92; improvement in the Mawal country 96; captures Sinhagad 98; dies 102.

v1.c20.38

DADAJI KRISHNA LOHKARE—64.

v1.c20.39

DADAJI NARAS PRABHU, Shivaji's Captain—vow before Raireshwar 99.

v1.c20.40

DADJI RAGHUNATH PRABHU NADKAR—attacks Belavadi 248; fights at Janjira 306.

v1.c20.41

DALPAT BUNDELA, Aurangzeb's officer—304.

v1.c20.42

DAMAJI PANT—32.

v1.c20.43

DARA SHUKOH, Aurangzeb's brother—put to death 119.

v1.c20.44

DARYA KHAN, Mughal Captain—57 killed 58.

v1.c20.45

DATTAJI TRIMBAK VAKENAWIS—215, 231.

v1.c20.46

DAUD KHAN QURESHI, Mughal officer—155, 192; fights Shivaji at Vani-Dindori 193, 195.

v1.c20.47

DAULATABAD—25, 26.

v1.c20.48

DAULAT RAO MORAY, Chief of Jawali—112.

v1.c20.49

DEOGIRI—See Daulatabad.

v1.c20.50

DHANAJI JADHAV—defeats Husain Miyana 230-248, 321; character contrasted with that of Santaji 329, 332; his activities against Mughals 341, 354, 361.

v1.c20.51

DHARMAJI NAGNATH—220.

v1.c20.52

DHUNDIRAJ VYAS, author of Rāj Vyavahar Kosha—214. DILIR KHAN, Mughal General—placed under Jaisinh 155 ; reduces Purandar Fort 156, 161, 183 ; at loggerheads with the Shahzada 187-189, 192 ; comes upon Poona 198 ; recalled 218 ; attacks Golkonda 247 ; attacks Bijapur 251, 254 ; puts an end to his life 305. DIPABAI, mother of Shahji 92. DIPABAI, wife of Ekoji—243 ; her three sons 244. DOROJI, Shivaji's agent—40. DURGADAS RATHOD—supports Akbar's rebellion 295, 297, 299 ; later life 311-312.

v1.c20.53

EKNATH, saint—32. EKOJI, Shivaji's brother—73, 74, 82; fights against Shivaji 153 ; fights for Bijapur against Shivaji 161 ; besieges Rangna 182 ; crowned at Tanjore 227 ; friction with Raghunath Hanamante 228 ; visits Shivaji 237-239 ; defeated by Shivaji 240 ; agreement with Shivaji 242 ; distressed 243. ENGLISH—relations with Shivaji 281.

v1.c20.54

FATH KHAN, Bijapuri Captain—routed 103. FATH KHAN, son of Malik Ambar—48, 57, 59. FAZL KHAN, Afzal Khan's son—runs away 130, 131, 140, 155. FERRAND, English factor—141. FULAD KHAN, Kotwal—174.

v1.c20.55

GAGA BHATTA, priest—defeats orthodox opinion 209, 212, 268. GANGU MANGAJI, Vakenawis—118. GHORPADE—origin 46. GIFFORD, English factor—132, 146. GOLKONDA—30. GOMAJI NAIK PANSAMBAL—Shivaji's Captain 96.

v1.c20.56

GUERRILLA WARFARE—338, 339.

v1.c20.57

HAIBAT RAO NIMBALKAR—341. HAMBIR RAO MOHITE—Senapati 215 ; defeats Husen Khan Miyana 230, 231 ; defeats Ekoji 240, 248, 293 ; killed in the battle of Wai 313. HANAMANT RAO MORE—112. HARIHAR—28, 29. HARJI MAHADIK, Shivaji's son-in-law—248. HEMADRI, Ramdeo's Minister—19 ; death 23, 89. HIMMAT KHAN, Mughal general—334. HIROJI FARZAND, Shivaji's trusted servant—167, 178, 180, 255 ; attends upon Akbar 296, 297 ; put to death 299. HUSEN KHAN MIYANA—opposes Shivaji 230.

v1.c20.58

IBRAHIM ADIL SHAH—31, 47. IKHLAS KHAN, Bijapuri general—proceeds against Shivaji 151. INAYAT-ULLA KHAN, Governor of Surat—146 ; attempt on Shivaji's life 146.

v1.c20.59

ISMAIL KHAN MAKA—332. JADHAVS of Sindkhed—45. JAFAR KHAN, Aurangzeb's Vazir—173, 175. JAGANNATH PANDIT, Ekoji's Peshwa—237. JAGJIVAN GUJAR, son of Pratap Rao—converted to Islam 354. JAHANGIR, Mughal Emperor—44, 45 ; death 55. JAHANZEB BANU BEGAM—305, 360. JAISINH, MIRZA RAJA—previous career, marches against Shivaji 154-162 ; proceeds against Bijapur 162 ; advises Shivaji to visit the Emperor 166, 173, 174, 179 ; recalled, dies 182-183. JAISINH SAWAI—347.

v1.c20.60

JANARDAN HANAMANTE, Shivaji's minister—81, 228, 248, 254, 298. JASAWANT SINH, Aurangzeb's General—132, 144, 150, 183, 195. JAYARAM PANDIT, court poet—63, 74. JIJA BAI, Shivaji's mother—52 ; captured, six sons 53, 61, 75, 84 ; 92, 101 ; character 88-89, 128, her death 213. JINJI—conquest by Bijapur and captured by Shivaji 78, 236, 323 ; siege 326 ; falls to Zulfiqar Khan 340. JNANESHWAR Maratha Saint—15, 16, 24, 32, 89.

v1.c20.61

KADAMBAS—17. KALACHURIS—17. KAMBAKHSH—proceeds to Jinji, is arrested 332, 356, 360. KANHOJI ANGRE, Maratha Naval Officer—268. KANHOJI JEDHE—63, 65, 78, released 80 ; sent against Morays 112, 127, 130. KARTALB KHAN—leads an expedition against Shivaji 137-139. KASIM KHAN, Aurangzeb's General 333, 334 ; dies 335. KASTURI RANGA NAYAK of Shira—treacherously killed 72, 124. KAVI KALASH, Sambhaji's Minister—297 ; antecedents 300 ; appointed principal adviser 301, 309 ; last struggle 313-314 ; captured 314 ; put to death 315. KAYASTHA DHARMA PRADIP—210. KESARI SINH, Captain, of Prabalgad, killed 117. KESHAV PUROHIT, Rajaram's Puranik—324. KESHAV TRIMAL PINGLE, Brother of Moropant—deputed to Karnatak 248, 329. KHAFI KHAN, Historian—286, 327. KHAN AHMAD, Bijapuri Captain—78.

v1.c20.62

KHANAZAD KHAN, son of Ruhulla Khan—defeated by Santaji 334, 335. KHANDE RAO DABHADE—341. KHANDO BALLAL CHITNIS—329 ; takes Rajaram's wives to Jinji 330. KHANDOJI GUJAR—converted to Islam 354. KHANDOJI KHOPDE, Deshmukh—opposes Shivaji 127. KHAN JAHAN LODI—50, 51 ; revolts 56 ; killed 58. KHAN KHANAN—43, 48, 50. KHAN ZAMAN—63. KHAWAS KHAN, Bijapuri General—proceeds against Shivaji 151 ; defeated 152 ; confined 219 ; put to death 247. KIRAT SINH—son of Jaisinh 155, 159, 166. KISHAN SINH, Ram Sinh's son—put to death 302. KONDAJI RAWALEKAR, Shivaji's trusted Captain—captures Panhala 201. KRISHNADEO YADAV—19. KRISHNAJI BHASKAR, Kulkarni of Wai, Afzal Khan's agent to Shivaji—125-130. KRISHNAJI BHASKAR PANDIT, Shivaji's ambassador—120. KRISHNAJI MORAY—113. KRISHNA, RASHTRAKUTA—18.

v1.c20.63

LUKHJI JADHAV RAO—47, 48 ; deserts to the Mughals 49, 50, 52 ; murdered 58, 130.

v1.c20.64

MADAN SINH—349. MADANNA, Golkonda Minister—226, 248. MADARI MEHTAR, Shivaji's personal servant—167, 178. MADHAVACHARYA VIDYARANYA 28. MAHABAT KHAN, Aurangzeb's General—disgraced and dies 197.

v1.c20.65

MAHABAT KHAN, Shah Jahan's General—captures Daulatabad 60; commits suicide 61. MAHADEO YADAV, King of Deogiri—19. MAHALDAR KHAN—61. MAHARASHTRA—extent and definition 12-13; political background 16; saints and writers 29, famine 58. MAHARASHTRI—14, 15. MALIK AMBAR, Minister of Ahmadnagar—battle of Roshangaon 47, 49, 50, 54; dies 55. MALIK KAFUR—25, 28. MALOJI BHOSLE—45, 46, 47, 52, 54. MALOJI GHORPADE, brother of Santaji, Amir-ul-umrah—321. MALOJI GHORPADE, son of Baji—installed at Mudhol 152; joins Bijapur against Mughals 161; addressed by Shivaji 232-235; killed 314. MANABHAV SECT 16; rise 19, 20; literature 21; writers 22, 23. MANAJI MORAY, Shivaji's Sardar 231; imprisoned 300, 304, 319. MANKOJI DAHATONDE, Sarnobat—118. MANOHAR DAS, Mughal Officer—192. MANUCCI, NICHOLAS, Italian traveller—accompanies Mirza Raja Jai Sinh 155; meets Shivaji 161. MARATHAS—origin 11, old marks caves 13; peculiarities of the race 34; character 35; race 36; present day Marathas 36; country described 37; political importance 38; aims in the Mughal war 327. MARATHI LANGUAGE—13; oldest writings 15, 16, 22, 33. MARTIN, French Governor of Pondicherry—Sends envoy to Shivaji 238, 332. MATABAR KHAN—Mughal Governor of Kalyan—320.

v1.c20.66

MAUNI BAWA of Patgaon, Hindu Saint—respected by Shivaji 229, 256. MINGHAM, English factor—132, 146. MIR JUMLA, Golkonda noble—77; 226. MORAYS OF JAVLI—111-113. MOROPANT PINGLE, Shivaji's Peshwa—113; fights Bijapur army 130; 250, 255; death 294. MUAZZAM SHAHZADA (Shah Alam), Aurangzeb's eldest son—appointed Governor of Deccan 150; replaced by Mirza Raja 154, 183; at loggerheads with Dilir Khan 187-189; dissolute life in the Mughal army 196, 304. MUHAMMAD ADIL SHAH—31, 63, 70, 75, 81; ill 99, 101; dies 115. MUHAMMAD KHAN, Bijapur Vazir—78, 81, 130. MUHAMMAD TUGHLAK—25, 27, 28, 29. MUKUND RAJ, Marathi Poet—16, 31. MULLA AHMAD, Governor of Kalyan—115, 116. MULLA HAIDAR (see Qazi Haidar). MUMTAZ MAHAL, Shah Jahan's wife—death 59. MURAR BAJI PRABHU—killed at Purandar 156. MURAD BAKHSH—79, 114. MURAR JAGDEV, Bijapur Minister—60, 69, 70, 92, 130. MURTUZA NIZAM SHAH—44, 59. MUSA KHAN, Bijapur Captain—killed 103. MUSTAFA KHAN—31, 70, 76, 77. NAGOJI MANE, Maratha Captain—plans Santaji's murder 338.

v1.c20.67

NAMDEV SAINT—32. NAPIER RICHARD, English factor—141. NARO TRIMAL HANMANTE—in Bhosle's service 228.

v1.c20.68

NASIR MUHAMMAD, son of Bijapuri Minister—236. NEMAJI SHINDE, Maratha General—exacts Chauth in Khandesh 341. NETAJI PALKAR, Shivaji's General—118; fights Bijapuri armies 130, 131, 138, 161; deserts Shivaji 162; arrested and converted 181; returns to Shivaji 218, 231, 268; deputed to Akbar 296. NILA PRABHU, Shivaji's Parasnis—231, 249. NILO MORESHWAR PINGLE, Sambhaji's Peshwa—294. NILO NILAKANTH SARNAIK Commandant of Purandar—103. NILO SONDEO MUZUMDAR—118, 167. NIRAJI RAOJI—167, 178, 180, 184, 187. NISCHCHALPURI GOSAVI—condemns Shivaji's coronation 216. NIZAM-UL-MULK, Asaf Jah—312 NUR JAHAN—50.

v1.c20.69

OXENDEN HENRY, English envoy—visits Raigad 211.

v1.c20.70

PANHALA—Shivaji besieged in 130; restored to Adil Shah, 133; taken by Shivaji 201, 348. PANTAJI GOPINATH BOKIL, Shivaji's envoy to Afzalkhan—126. PARAMANAND POET, author of Anupuran 33, 54, 74; arrested 179. PARASHURAM TRIMBAK Pratinidhi—323, 361. PARSOJI BHOSLE—341. PARWIZ SHAHZADA—45, 48, 57. PILAJI NILAKANTH, Sar Naik—138. PILAJI SHIRKE, Shivaji's son-in-law—273. PITAMBAR SHENVI—negotiates agreement between Shivaji and the Savant of Wadi 122, 154; dies 219. PORTUGUESE—122, 155, 219, 220; attacked by Sambhaji 306-307.

v1.c20.71

PRALHAD NIRAJI—imprisoned 300, 319, 320; dies 343. PRATAPRAO GUJAR, Shivaji's General—167, 184, 187; plunders Berar 194; defeats Bahlol Khan 202; reprimanded 203; sacrifices himself 203. PRATAPRAO MORAY—112. PRATAPRUDRA of Warangal—26, 27. PURANDAR fort—reduced by Shivaji 103.

v1.c20.72

QAZI HAIDAR, Shivaji's envoy 199, 270.

v1.c20.73

RADANDAZ KHAN, keeper of Agra—171. RADHABAI MANE, wife of Nagoji Mane—encompasses Santaji's murder 337. RAGHUNATH BALLAL Atre, Shivaji's officer—96. RAGHUNATH BALLAL KORDE, Shivaji's Captain—96; sent against Morays 112, 167, 180. RAGHUNATH NARAYAN Hanmante—81; author of Rajavyavahar Kosha 214, 228; arranges Shivaji's visit to Golkonda 229, 237, 239, 243-244, 299. RAGHUNATH PANDIT, Shivaji's envoy—visits Jaisinh 158. RAGHUNATH PANDITRAO, Shivaji's Minister—215. RAI BAGAN of the Udaram family of Mahur—extricates Kartalb Khan 138; submits to Shivaji 194. RAIBHANJI KAKA, son of Shahji 355. RAIGAD 274, 293; falls to Zulfiqar Khan 319-321. RAIRESHWAR temple—Shivaji's oaths of Swarajya 100. RAIRI hill—selected for Raigad 83. RAJARAM—Shivaji's son—255; enthroned 319; leaves Raigad 320; proceeds to Jinji 323; Maratha aims 327-329; his wives arrive at Jinji 330; escapes from Jinji and establishes capital at Satara 340; attacks Emperor's camp 341; death and character 342-344; introduces Jagir system 343.

v1.c20.74

RAJASBAI, Rajaram's wife—330; son Sambhaji born 342.

v1.c20.75

RAMCHANDRA NILKANTHA AMATYA—215, 320; his bold lead 322-323; measures against deserters 330; forms a new plan 334; introduces Jagir system 343; continues war 348; crowns Shivaji 348, 353.

v1.c20.76

RAMDAS—29, 31; settles at Parli 221; last visit from Shivaji; contact with Shivaji explained 264-266.

v1.c20.77

RAMCHANDRA TRIMBAK SUMANT 215.

v1.c20.78

RAMDEV YADAV, King of Deogiri—19, 24, 25, 89.

v1.c20.79

RAM SINH, son of Jai Sinh—166, 169, 171, 178.

v1.c20.80

RANADULLA KHAN, Bijapuri General—helps Shahji 63-65; Karnatak expedition with Shahji 70-74; dies 75.

v1.c20.81

RAOJI NIRAJI, Nyayadhish—215.

v1.c20.82

RAOJI SOMNATH, Shivaji's trusted officer—141-142, 220, 300.

v1.c20.83

RASHTRAKUTAS—18.

v1.c20.84

RAYAJI NALGE—appointed guardian of Jinji—236.

v1.c20.85

REVINGTON, English factor—132, 140, 146.

v1.c20.86

ROE, SIR THOMAS—50

v1.c20.87

RUPAJI BHOSLE, Maratha Captain—304.

v1.c20.88

RUSTUM-I-ZAMAN, Bijapuri General—121, 131, 138.

v1.c20.89

SAFIAT-UN-NISA, daughter of Akbar 311.

v1.c20.90

SAIBAI, Shivaji's wife—married 92; death and children 257.

v1.c20.91

SAJJAN SINH, ancestor of Bhosles—46.

v1.c20.92

SAKHO KRISHNA LOHKARE—116.

v1.c20.93

SAMBHAJI MOHITE of supa—surprised 103.

v1.c20.94

SAMBHAJI, Rajaram's son, founder of Kolhapur—born 330.

v1.c20.95

SAMBHAJI, Shivaji's elder brother 53, 73, 79; killed 81.

v1.c20.96

SAMBHAJI, Shivaji's son—in Mughal service 159; escapes 178, 180; serves at Aurangabad 183, 187; under father's disfavour 221; joins Dilir Khan 250; attacks Bhopalgad 251; falls out with Dilir Khan 252; returns to Pan-Soyarabai, officers and Shirkes 299, crowned 294; suspicious of his surroundings 297; puts to death Soyrabai, officers and Shirkes 299, 300; issues Danapatra 302; his project explained to Ramsinh 302; war against Portuguese 306-307; attack on Janjira 306; last struggle 313-314; captured 314; heroic death 315-316.

v1.c20.97

SANTAJI GHORPADE, Shivaji's Captain—248, 254; raids the Emperor's camp 321, 326; his character contrasted with Dhanaji's 327; overcomes Ali Mardan Khan 331; incensed against Rajaram 333; heroic deeds 334-336; offends the Chhatrapati 337; puts down Dhanaji and kills Amrit Rao Nimbalkar 337; killed 338; character 339; Guerilla warfare 338-339; family branches 340.

v1.c20.98

SATAVAHAN—17.

v1.c20.99

SATYASHRAYA Pulakeshi—12, 17.

v1.c20.100

SAVITRIBAI, Thanedar of Belavdi—submits to Shivaji 248.

v1.c20.101

SAYANNACHARYA—28.

v1.c20.102

SHAH ALAM (Aurangzeb's eldest son)—See Muazzam.

v1.c20.103

SHAH JAHAN—54; in hiding 55; marches into Deccan 58; famine and death of his wife 58-59; returns north 60; reduces the Nizam Shahi 62-63 ; comparison with Shahji 65.

v1.c20.104

SHAHJI BHOSLE—29, 39 ; marriage 51, 53 ; battle of Bhatavdi 54 ; reverts to Nizam Shahi 57 ; espouses the Mughal cause 59 ; opposes the Mughals and resuscitates Nizam Shahi 60, 61 ; submits to Shahjahan 63-64 ; comparison with Shahjahan 65 ; marches upon Ikkeri 71 ; second expedition 72 ; captures Bangalore 72-73 ; calls his wife and son for a visit 74, 95 ; disgraced 75-76, 98 ; arrested 78 ; released 80 ; visits Shivaji 82 ; selects Rairi for Shivaji's capital, dies 83-84 ; children and character 84 ; life in Vijianagar region 85 ; exonerated 123.

v1.c20.105

SHAH NAWAZ KHAN, Mughal, General—48, 50.

v1.c20.106

SHAHU—322, life in captivity 349-353 ; origin of his name 351 ; illhealth 352 ; contact with Balaji Vishvanath 353-355 ; attempted conversion 354 ; married 354 ; assigned to Kam Baksh 356.

v1.c20.107

SHAIKH NIZAM, Mughal Officer—captures Sambhaji 314, 321.

v1.c20.108

SHAISTA KHAN, Mughal General—114 ; appointed to the Deccan 121 ; arrives 132 ; despatches kartalb Khan against Shivaji 137 ; surprised by Shivaji 142-144.

v1.c20.109

SHAKA-ERA—17.

v1.c20.110

SHAMJI AVJI Chitnis, brother of Balaji Avji—119.

v1.c20.111

SHAMRAJ NILAKANTH, Shivaji's Peshwa 96, 115.

v1.c20.112

SHANKARACHARYA—20, 21.

v1.c20.113

SHANKARAJI MALHAR SACHIV—320.

v1.c20.114

SHANARAJI NARAYAN SACHIV—323, 361.

v1.c20.115

SHARIFJI, Shahji's brother—55.

v1.c20.116

SHARZA KHAN—313.

v1.c20.117

SHER KHAN LODI, Bijapuri Officer in Karnatak—submits to Shivaji 236.

v1.c20.118

SHIHABUDDIN, Aurangzeb's Officer, father of Nizam-ul-Mulk—304.

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SHIVAJI—29 ; scources 33 ; inherits two traditions 39, 51 ; visited by father 74, 82, 94 ; birth 55, 87 ; wild surroundings 89 ; his art of disguise 89 ; training 90-93 ; homage to Bijapur 95 ; improvement of the Mawal country 96 ; persuasive tongue 97 ; Muslim persecution 97 ; changes peoples' ideology 98 ; reduces Sinhgad 98 ; vow before Raireshwar 99 ; seizes forts 100 ; establishes independence 102 ; reduces Purandar 103 ; seizes Sambhaji Mohite 103 ; his seal 105 ; title Chhatrapati, appointment of ministers 105 ; builds Vijayadurga 106 ; defeats the Morays of Javali 111-113 ; builds Pratapgad 113 ; situation in 1657, 114 ; seizes south Konkan 115 ; releases Mulla Ahmad's daughter-in-law 116 ; captures Prabalgad 117 ; administrative measures 117-118 ; raids Junnar and Ahmadnagar 120 ; wins over Sawant of Kudal and obtains the Bhawani Sword 122 ; Afzal Khan's affair 123-130 ; builds naval fortresses 122 ; encounters Afzal Khan 128 ; escapes from Panhala 133 ; overcomes Kartalb Khan at Umbarkhind 137 ; expedition to Dabhol and Rajapur, plunders English factory 140-142 ; night raid on Shaista Khan 142-144 ; plunders Surat 144-148 ; estimate of plunder 148 ; writes a strong letter to Mughal officers 150 ; captures Ponda 152 ; beginning of the navy 153 ; builds Sindhudurga 122, 153, 275 ; visits Jaisinh 157 ; submission to the Emperor 159 ; letter to Jaisinh 159 ; meets Manucci 161 ; joins Mughals against Bijapur 161; visit to Agra 165-180; pros and cons 165, 167; journey to Agra 167; exhibits temper 169; appearance described 172; escapes 175-180; gains from Agra visit 181; peace with the Emperor 183; treaty with Adil Shah 182; levies Chauth upon Golkonda and Bijapur 184; recovers Sinhgad 190-192; recovers forts and raids Mughal territory 192; second raid of Surat 192-194; battle of Vani-Dindori 193; plunders Karanja; levies Chauth 194, 200; subjugates north Konkan and captures Panhala 201; his coronation 207-214; defends Kshatriya rites against orthodoxy 209; ceremony 211; national flag and titles 208, 209, 214, 215; appointment of Ministers 215; dictionary of terms 214; supplementary ceremony 216; attacks Dharangaon 217; naval bases 122, 153, 275; captures Satara 221; brings Ramdas to Sajjangad 221; captures Ponda 220; seriously ill 221; necessity of the Karnatak expedition 225; his visit to saints 229; seizes Kopbal 230; visit to Bhaganagar 231-233; treaty with Qutb Shah 232; explains his objectives to Maloji Ghorpade 232; his spiritual trance 235; captures Jinji 236; his triumphs in south Karnatak 237; Ekoji's visit 237-239; letter to his brother 240-241; division of patrimony 242; remonstrance to Aurangzeb 249; distressed at his son's misbehaviour 253; plunders Jalna 254; list of his life's acquisitions 254; dies 256; preceptors, wives and children 256-257; character, Amatya's tribute 261; first visit to Ramdas 264-266; ideal of Hindu sovereignty 266-269; tolerant attitude towards Muslims 269; Rajavyavahar Kosha 214, 268; eight Ministers and their functions 269-271; administration and its principles 271-272; prohibits land alienations in gift 270, 273; forts on land and sea 274; army and its organisation 276; his navy 279; relations with the English 281; meaning of his plunder 282; estimate of character by Elphinstone and Temple 283, by Acworth 284; Edwardes and Bernier 285; Khafi Khan 286; Sir Jadunath 286; his greatness 288.

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SHIVAJI NAIK Punde, Shivaji's Treasurer—231.

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SHIVAJI, son of Rajaram and Tarabai 330; crowned 348.

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SHIVAPPA Nayak of Ikkeri—75.

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SHUBHA KRISHNA, ancestor of the Bhosles—46.

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SIDDI HILAL, Mughal Officer—joins Shivaji 194.

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SIDDI JAUHAR alias Salabat Khan, Bijapuri chief—invests Panhala 131, 133.

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SIDDI MAS'UD—assumes power at Bijapur and seeks Shivaji's aid 249.

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SIDDIS OF JANJIRA—279.

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SIDHOJI NIMBALKAR, Shivaji's Captain—254.

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SIKANDAR ADIL SHAH—219.

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SINDHUDURGA, fort of Malwan 122, 153, 275.

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SINGHANA YADAV, King of Devgiri 19.

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SINHGAD 77; danger spot 78; captured by Shivaji 98, 348.

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SOMAJI DATTO put to death by Sambhaji 299.

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SOMAJI NAIK Banki, Shivaji's Captain—255.

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SONOPANT DABIR, Shivaji's Officer—96; admonishes Shivaji 102; proceeds to Aurangzeb 120; meets Shaista Khan 132.

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SOYRABAI, Shivaji's wife—139, 253, 255, 257, 293 ; death 299. SRIRANGARAI, last of the Vijayanagar Kings—70, 75, 226. SURAT—first raid by Shivaji 144, 148 ; second raid 192-194. SURYAJI MALUSARE, brother of Tanaji—191, 231. SURYAJI PISAL, Deshmukh of Wai—treacherously admits the Mughals into Raigad 322. SURYA RAO KAKDE, Shivaji's officer—killed at Salher 196. SURYA RAO SURVE of Shringarpur—139.

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TALIKOT—battle of 29, 70. TANAJI MALUSARE—Shivaji's Captain—97 ; stationed at Chiplun 138, 167 ; captures Sinhgad 191. TARABAI, Rajaram's wife—330 ; son Shivaji born 330, 342, 359 ; grand triumph 361. TARBIAT KHAN, Mughal Officer of artillery—354. TAYLOR RANDOLF—141. TAYLOR RICHARD, English factor—141. THEVENOT, French traveller—describes Shivaji's raid on Surat 147; his account of Shivaji's escape 175. TRIMBAK BHASKAR, Shivaji's Officer in Konkan—139. TRIMBAK SONDEO DABIR—167, 180. TUKARAM—Vithoba and Pandharpur movement 29, 31, 32, 91 ; death 105.

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UDARAM OF MAHUR 48, 50 ; Raibagan 194. UDAY BHAN RATHOD, Mughal Commander—killed at Sinhgad 191. UDEPURI BEGAM, Aurangzeb's wife—360.

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UMAJI PANDIT—supervises Sambhaji 221.

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VAGHOJI SHIRKE—Shivaji's father-in-law 139. VANI-DINDORI—battle of 193, 194. VIJAYADURGA FORT—built 106, 274. VIJAYANAGAR—29, 31, 39, 80 ; rulers 70. VIJNANESHWAR—18. VIKRAMADITYA CHALUKYA—18. VIRBHADRA NAYAK—71. VIRUBAI, Shahu's mistress—354. VISHWAS RAO NANAJI, Shivaji's trusted spy—127. VITHAL PILDEO ATRE, Shivaji's Officer—236. VITHAL TRIMBAK, grandson of Murar Baji—255. VITHOJI BHOSLE—46, 47, 54 VITHOJI CHAVAN—321. VYANKOJI—See under Ekoji.

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WAKATAKAS—17. WARANGAL—25, 27.

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YADAVAS—18. YASHAWANT RAO MORAY—112. YESAJI KANK, Shivaji's Captain—97, 167, 231, 319. YESUBAI, Sambhaji's wife—253, 319; her heroic lead 320, 330 ; in captivity 349-353 ; piteous appeal 357. YUAN CHWANG, Chinese traveller—17, description of the Maratha people 35.

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ZINAT-UNNISA BEGAM, daughter of Aurangzeb—308, 350. ZULFIQAR KHAN, Aurangzeb's General—invests Raigad 319 ; captures Raigad 322 ; besieges Jinji 326 ; his difficulties in the siege 331 ; captures Jinji 340.

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the *Gesta Romanorum*, the *Legenda Aurea* of Jacobus de Voragine, and the *Speculum Historiale* of Vincent of Beauvais. These were the books that fed the imagination of the Middle Ages, and they were the books that the Church, in its wisdom, provided for the instruction and edification of the faithful.

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But the Church did not merely provide books; it also provided the means of their dissemination. The monastic scriptoria, where monks labored in silence to copy the sacred texts, were the precursors of the printing press. And when the press finally arrived, it was the Church that first harnessed its power, using it to spread the word of God to the corners of the earth. The Gutenberg Bible, the first major book printed in Europe, was a testament to the Church's commitment to the written word.

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Yet, even as the Church championed the spread of knowledge, it also sought to control it. The *Index Librorum Prohibitorum*, or List of Prohibited Books, was a tool used by the Church to suppress ideas it deemed dangerous or heretical. This tension between the desire to educate and the need to control would define the Church's relationship with literature for centuries to come.

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It is a complex history, one that is marked by both enlightenment and suppression. But it is a history that cannot be ignored, for it is the history of the very foundation of Western civilization. The Church, in its role as the guardian of knowledge, has shaped the way we think, the way we write, and the way we understand the world around us.