[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [General history and culture](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general) › The Pandyan Kingdom from the Earliest Times to the Sixteenth Century # The Pandyan Kingdom from the Earliest Times to the Sixteenth Century (The Pāṇḍyan Kingdom from the Earliest Times to the Sixteenth Century) Sangam Pāṇḍyas, Kaḷabhra interregnum, first Pāṇḍyan empire, Cōḷa subjection, second empire of Jaṭāvarman Sundara, Muslim invasion, later Pāṇḍyas; from inscriptions, Sangam texts and foreign notices. - **Language:** English - **Author:** [K. A. Nilakanta Sastri](https://indike.org/pramana/person/sastri-kan) - **Extent:** 932 passages, 89,872 words - **Text:** complete digital text - **Source:** archive.org · 1st ed., London 1929; scan on archive.org, OCR Gemini 3.1 Flash Lite; chapters and sections by Gemini 3.8… · In copyright (K. A. Nilakanta Sastri †1975); freely available on archive.org — shown with credit and a link… ## Contents - [c1 The Pāṇḍyan Kingdom: From the Earliest Times to the Sixteenth Century](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.sastri-1929.c1) — 3 parts - [c2 Contents](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.sastri-1929.c2) — 1 part - [c3 Note on Transliteration and Diacritical Marks](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.sastri-1929.c3) — 1 part - [c4 Preface](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.sastri-1929.c4) — 7 parts - [c5 Chapter I. Introductory: Sources](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.sastri-1929.c5) — 6 parts - [c6 Chapter II. Early References: The Age of the Sangam](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.sastri-1929.c6) — 3 parts - [c7 Chapter III. The Pāṇḍyan Kingdom in the Sangam Age](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.sastri-1929.c7) — 37 parts - [c8 Chapter IV. The Transition to the First Empire: The Kaḷabhras](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.sastri-1929.c8) — 35 parts - [c9 Chapter V. The First Empire](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.sastri-1929.c9) — 46 parts - [c10 Chapter VI. The First Empire.—(Continued)](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.sastri-1929.c10) — 41 parts - [c11 Chapter VII. The First Empire—(Concluded)](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.sastri-1929.c11) — 22 parts - [c12 Chapter VIII. The Chola Conquest](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.sastri-1929.c12) — 56 parts - [c13 Chapter IX. The End of Chola Ascendancy: Civil War and Recovery](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.sastri-1929.c13) — 58 parts - [c14 Chapter X. The Pāṇḍyas of the Second Empire](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.sastri-1929.c14) — 49 parts - [c15 Chapter XI. Māravarman Sundara (acc. A.D. 1238): Jaṭāvarman Sundara (acc. A.D. 1251)](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.sastri-1929.c15) — 79 parts - [c16 Chapter XII. Jaṭāvarman Vīra Pāṇḍya (acc. A.D. 1253)—Māravarman Kulaśekhara (acc. A.D. 1268)](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.sastri-1929.c16) — 37 parts - [c17 Chapter XIII. Jaṭāvarman Sundara Pāṇḍya (1276); Māra-varman Vikrama Pāṇḍya (1283); Social Life at the End of the Thirteenth Century—Marco Polo](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.sastri-1929.c17) — 34 parts - [c18 Chapter XIV. The Last Years of Māṛavarman Kulaśēkhara (1268); Jaṭāvarman Vīra Pāṇḍya (acc. A.D. 1296-7); Jaṭāvarman Sundara Pāṇḍya (acc. A.D. 1303); The Muhammadan Invasion](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.sastri-1929.c18) — 18 parts - [c19 Chapter XV. Administration and Social Life under the Pāṇḍyas of the Second Empire](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.sastri-1929.c19) — 58 parts - [c20 Chapter XVI. The Fourteenth Century and Later. Decline and End](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.sastri-1929.c20) — 47 parts - [c21 Additional Notes](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.sastri-1929.c21) — 94 parts - [c22 Chronological Summary](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.sastri-1929.c22) — 3 parts - [c23 Bibliography](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.sastri-1929.c23) — 3 parts - [c24 Index](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.sastri-1929.c24) — 3 parts - [c25 Errata](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.sastri-1929.c25) — 68 parts --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.sastri-1929](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.sastri-1929) · Pramāṇa