The Early History of India, from 600 B.C. to the Muhammadan Conquest, including the Invasion of Alexander the Great c27: Appendix K
The Early History of India, from 600 B.C. to the Muhammadan Conquest, including the Invasion of Alexander the Great c27
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Appendix K
c27.1
*Alphabetical List of Bactrian and Indo-Greek Kings and Queens*¹
c27.2
¹ Based on Von Sallet's lists, and brought up to date. The geographical and chronological position of many of the rulers named is so uncertain that an alphabetical list is the best.
c27.3
| Serial No. | Name. | Greek title or epithet. | Remarks. |
| 1 | Agathokleia . | Theotropos . | Probably mother of Strato I, and regent during his minority. |
| 2 | Agathokles . | Dikaios . . | Probably succeeded Pantaleon, No. 28, and was contemporary with Euthydēmos I or Demetrios. |
| 3 | Amyntas . . | Nikator . . | A little earlier than Hermaios. |
| 4 | Antialkidas . | Nikēphoros . | Contemporary with early years of Eukratides, *c.* 150 B.C.; apparently king of Taxila. |
| 5 | Antimachos I . | Theos . . . | Probably succeeded Diodotos II, No. 13, in Kābul. |
| 6 | Antimachos II | Nikēphoros . | Later than Eukratides, No. 17, or possibly contemporary. |
| 7 | Apollodotos . | Soter, Megas, Philopator² | Probably son of Eukratides, and king of entire Indian frontier. |
| 8 | Apollophanes . | Soter . . . | Probably contemporary with Strato I or II, in Eastern Panjāb. |
| 9 | Archebios . . | Dikaios, Nikēphoros | Probably connected with Heliokles. |
| 10 | Artemidoros . | Anikētos . . | Later than Menander. |
| 11 | Demetrios . . | Anikētos . . | Son of Euthydēmos I, No. 18. |
| 12 | Diodotos I . | | No coins known; *c.* 250–245 B.C. |
| 13 | Diodotos II . | Soter . . . | Son of No. 12. |
| 14 | Diomedes . . | Soter . . . | Apparently connected with Eukratides, No. 17. |
| 15 | Dionysios . . | Soter . . . | Later than Apollodotos. |
| 16 | Epander . . | Nikēphoros . | Probably later than Eukratides, No. 17. |
| 17 | Eukratides . . | Megas . . . | Contemporary with Mithradates I; *c.* 175–156 B. C. |
| 18 | Euthydēmos I | —— | Subsequent to Diodotos II, No. 13; *c.* 230–200 B. C. |
| 19 | Euthydēmos II | —— | Probably son of No. 11. |
| 20 | Heliokles . . | Dikaios . . | Son of No. 17; last of Bactrian dynasty. |
| 21 | Hermaios . . | Soter . . . | Last Indo-Greek king of Kābul; *c.* 10 B. C.–A. D. 20. |
c27.4
² Cunningham (*Num. Chron.*, 1870, p. 81). Gardner (*B. M. Catal.*, p. 34) distinguishes A. Soter from A. Philopator, and Prof. Rapson is disposed to accept this view.
c27.5
| Serial No. | Name. | Greek title or epithet. | Remarks. |
| 22 | Hippostratos . | Soter, Megas. | Probably succeeded Apollodotos. |
| 23 | Kalliopē . | —— | Queen of Hermaios. |
| 24 | Laodikē . | —— | Mother of Eukratides.¹ |
| 25 | Lysias . . | Anikētos . | Predecessor of Antialkidas, No. 4. |
| 26 | Menander . | Soter, Dikaios | Later than Eukratides ; invaded India about 155 B.C., but Gardner places him about 110 B.C. |
| 27 | Nikias . . | Soter . . | Later than Eukratides. His coins are found only in the Jhelum (Jihlam) District (*Panjāb Gaz.*, s.v. *Jhelum*). |
| 28 | Pantaleon . | —— | Contemporary with Euthydēmos I or Demetrios ; probably preceded Agathakles, No. 2 ; *c.* 190 B. C. |
| 29 | Peukelaos . | Dikaios, Soter | Contemporary with Hippostratos (*J.A.S.B.*, 1898, part i, p. 131). |
| 30 | Philoxenos . | Anikētos . | Probably succeeded Antimachos II, No. 6. |
| 31 | Plato . . | Epiphanes | 165 B.C., contemporary with Eukratides, No. 17 ; perhaps king of Sīstān.² |
| 32 | (?) Polyxenos . | Epiphanes, Soter . | *Num. Chron.*, 1896, p. 269 ; Prof. Rapson doubts the genuineness of the unique coin described. |
| 33 | Strato I . | Soter, Epiphanes, Dikaios | Contemporary with Heliokles ; reigned long. |
| 34 | Strato II . | Soter . . | Grandson of No. 33. |
| 35 | Telephos . | Euergetes . | *J. A. S. B.*, 1898, part i, p. 130. |
| 36 | Theophilos . | Dikaios . | *J. A. S. B.*, 1897, part i, p. 1 ; connected with Lysias. |
| 37 | Zoilos . . | Soter, Dikaios | Apparently later than Apollodotos, and nearly contemporary with Dionysios ; probably in Eastern Panjāb. |
c27.6
¹ Gardner (*B. M. Catal.*, p. 19). Heliokles seems to have been the name of the father, as well as of the son, of Eukratides.
c27.7
² The letters on Plato's coin are interpreted as signifying the year 147 of the Seleukidan era, equivalent to 165 B. C. Sykes, *Ten Thousand Miles in Persia*, p. 363.
c27.8
APPENDIX L. *Synchronistic Table, about* 280 B. C. *to about* A. D. 48
c27.9
(The dates are uncertain, except for Syria and the Mauryas.)
c27.10
| B. C. | Syria. | Bactria. | Parthia (Persia). | N. W. Indian Frontier, Panjāb, and Kābul. | Interior India. | Remarks. |
| 280 | Antiochos Soter acc. | . . | . . | . . | . . | . . |
| 262 or 261 | Antiochos Theos acc. | . . | . . | . . | . . | . . |
| *c.* 250 | . . | Diodotos I acc. | Arsakes I acc. | . . | Maurya dynasty | . . |
| *c.* 248 | . . | . . | . . | . . | . . | . . |
| *c.* 246 | Seleukos Kallinikos acc. (Antiochos Hierax, rival) | . . | . . | Maurya dynasty | . . | . . |
| *c.* 245 | . . | Diodotos II acc. | . . | . . | . . | . . |
| *c.* 232-1 | . . | . . | . . | . . | . . | Death of Asoka. |
| *c.* 230 | . . | Euthydēmos acc. | . . | . . | . . | . . |
| 223 | Antiochos III (the Great) | . . | . . | . . | . . | . . |
| *c.* 208 | . . | . . | . . | . . | . . | Recognition of Bactrian independence. |
| *c.* 206 | . . | . . | . . | . . | . . | Invasion of Kābul by Antiochos the Great. |
| *c.* 200-190 | . . | . . | . . | Demetrios \ Antimachos \ Euthydēmos II | . . | Indian conquests of Demetrios. |
| *c.* 190-180 | . . | . . | . . | . . | . . | . . |
| 187 | Seleukos Philopator acc. | . . | . . | Pantaleon \ Agathokles | Pushyamitra Śuṅga acc. | . . |
| 185 | . . | . . | . . | . . | . . | . . |
| *c.* 175 | . . | Eukratides acc. | Mithradates I acc. | . . | . . | . . |
| *c.* 174 | . . | . . | . . | . . | . . | . . |
| 165 | . . | Plato (rival of Eukratides) | . . | . . | . . | . . |
| *c.* 160-140 | . . | . . | . . | Menander (Kābul) | . . | Invasion of India by Menander. |
| 156 | . . | Heliokles | . . | Apollodotos | . . | . . |
| *c.* 155 | . . | . . | . . | . . | . . | . . |
| *c.* 149 | . . | . . | . . | . . | Agnimitra Śuṅga acc. | . . |
| *c.* 140-130 | . . | *End of Bactrian dynasty* | . . | Antialkidas | . . | Śaka invasion of Bactria, &c. |
| *c.* 138 | . . | . . | Phraates II acc. | . . | . . | Conquest of Taxila by Mithradates I. |
| *c.* 136 | . . | . . | Mithradates II acc. | . . | . . | . . |
| 124 or 123 | . . | . . | . . | . . | . . | . . |
| *c.* 120 | . . | . . | . . | Strato I \ Strato II | . . | . . |
| *c.* 95 | . . | . . | . . | Maues acc. (W. Panjāb) | . . | . . |
| *c.* 90 | . . | . . | . . | Vonōnes acc. \ Various Greek princes | . . | . . |
| *c.* 65 | . . | . . | . . | Azes I acc. (Arachosia) | . . | . . |
| *c.* 73 | . . | . . | . . | . . | Vasudeva Kāṇva acc. | . . |
| *c.* 58 | . . | . . | . . | Satraps of Taxila and Mathurā | . . | . . |
| *c.* 10 | . . | . . | . . | Hermaios acc. | . . | . . |
| *c.* A. D. 20 | . . | . . | . . | Hermaios overthrown by Kushāns. | . . | . . |
| **A. D.** 20 | . . | . . | . . | Gondopharēs acc. | . . | . . |
| *c.* 48 | . . | . . | . . | Death of Gondopharēs | . . | St. Thomas. |