[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [General history and culture](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general) › [The Early History of India, from 600 B.C. to the Muhammadan Conquest, including the Invasion of Alexander the Great](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.smith-1924) › c32.43 # The Early History of India, from 600 B.C. to the Muhammadan Conquest, including the Invasion of Alexander the Great c32.43 The Early History of India, from 600 B.C. to the Muhammadan Conquest, including the Invasion of Alexander the Great c32.43 - **Language:** English ### [c32.43](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.smith-1924.c32.43) In the third edition the identity of Lakshmaṇasena of the inscriptions with Rāe Lakhmaniya of the \*Ṭabaḳāt-i-Nāṣirī\* was assumed. Fresh light has now been thrown on the subject by K. P. Jayaswal in \*J. B. & O. Res. Soc.\*, vol. iv, pp. 266–72 and by H. Panday (ibid., pp. 273–80, with facs.). It seems reasonable to suppose that Lakshmaṇasena of the era was dead long before Muhammad's raid, and that Lakshmaṇasena II, the Lavasena of Tāranāth, came to the throne after the three sons of Lakshmaṇasena I, shown in the genealogy on p. 435 \*ante\*. This thesis is supported by the copper-plates of Viśvarūpa-Sena and Keśava-Sena, whose capital was at Gaur. They must have preceded Muhammad, who made the same place his capital. The dates of the plates are respectively the 14th and 3rd regnal years. Lakshmaṇasena therefore was dead before A. D. 1182 (1199 less 17), and a good deal before that date, as the elder brother reigned first. The victory over the Muhammadans claimed by the sons of Lakshmaṇasena must have occurred before the raid of 1199, i. e. it must have been won against the Ghorī armies, which had advanced as far as Benares. - [Previous: c32.42](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.smith-1924.c32.42) - [Next: c32.44](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.smith-1924.c32.44) - [Up: c32](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.smith-1924.c32) --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.smith-1924.c32.43](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.general.smith-1924.c32.43) · Pramāṇa