[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [Historical geography](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.geography) › [The Ancient Geography of India. I. The Buddhist Period, including the Campaigns of Alexander, and the Travels of Hwen-Thsang](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.geography.cunningham-1871) › c11.3 # The Ancient Geography of India. I. The Buddhist Period, including the Campaigns of Alexander, and the Travels of Hwen-Thsang c11.3 The Ancient Geography of India. I. The Buddhist Period, including the Campaigns of Alexander, and the Travels of Hwen-Thsang c11.3 - **Language:** English ### [c11.3](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.geography.cunningham-1871.c11.3) The measures of distance noted by the Chinese pilgrims are the Indian \*yojana\* and the Chinese \*li\*. The first is generally used by the elder traveller, Fa-Hian, and the other by the later travellers, Sung-Yun and Hwen Thsang. The \*kroṣa\* or kos, which is the common Indian measure of length at the present day, is not used by any of them. Hwen Thsang mentions that the \*yojana\*, according to tradition, was equivalent to 40 Chinese \*li\*, but that the measure then in use was equal to only 30 \*li\*.¹ From a comparison of the different pilgrims' recorded distances between well-known places, it appears that Hwen Thsang adopted the traditional measure of the \*yojana\* as equal to 40 \*li\*. I give four distances as an example:— - [Previous: c11.1](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.geography.cunningham-1871.c11.1) - [Next: c11.4](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.geography.cunningham-1871.c11.4) - [Up: c11](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.geography.cunningham-1871.c11) --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.geography.cunningham-1871.c11.3](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.geography.cunningham-1871.c11.3) · Pramāṇa