Pramāṇa · Search · About · API

The Geographical Dictionary of Ancient and Mediaeval India c6.s3: D

The Geographical Dictionary of Ancient and Mediaeval India c6.s3

Language
English

Contents

D

c6.s3.1

Dabhoi—Darbhavatī in Guzerat

c6.s3.2

Dalkisor—1 The river Dvārikesvarī 2 The Dvarakesi, a branch of the Rupnārāyaṇa near Bishnupur in Bengal

c6.s3.3

Dalmau—Dālbhya āśrama on the Ganges in the Rai Bareli district, it was the hermitage of Ṛiṣi Dālbhya

c6.s3.4.1

Dāmudā—1 The river Dāmodara 2 Dharmodaya, in Bengal Daṇḍabhâṅgâ—A small river near Puri in Orissa called 1. Bhârgavî. 2. Bhâgî. Dantura—The river Baitaraṇî, on the north of Bassein, brought down to the earth by Paraśurâma. Dardistan—Darada, a country between Chitral and the Indus ; it was a part of Udyâna. Darjiling—Durjayaliṅga ; a temple of Mahâdeva called Durjayaliṅga is situated at this place. Daśân—The river Daśârṇa, which rises in Bhopâl and falls into the Betwa. Daśor—Daśapura in Malwa. Same as Mandasor. Dauli—The Dudh-Gaṅgâ, a branch of the Alakânandâ. Deccan—1. Dâkṣiṇâtya, that part of India which lies to the south of the Vindhyâ range, the portion between the Himalaya and the Vindhyâ being called Âryâvartta. It was the Dakhinabades of the Greeks and Dakṣiṇâ-patha of Bhavabhuti and the Purâṇas. Deeg—1. The river Devikâ, a tributary of the Râvi on its right bank in the Panjab. 2. Dîrghapura, in the territory of Bharatpur. Delhi—Old Delhi was 1. Indraprastha. 2. Khaṇḍavaprastha. 3. Bṛihasthala. 4. Dehalî, the capital of Yudhishṭhira, it is still called Indrapat. The Purâṇakillâ, or the old fort, is still pointed out as the fort of the Pâṇḍavas. It includes a portion of the pargana Tilpat (ancient Tilaprastha), one of the five villages demanded by Yudhishṭhira from Duryodhana.

c6.s3.4.2

By Delhi is meant not on'y Shajahanabad—the modern Delhi of Shah Jahan, and Toglakabad—the Delhi of Ghiasuddeen Toglak Shah, but also the old Hindu city of Delhi—the Delhi of the Tomars and the Chohans, which was called Yoginîpura according to Chând Bardâi. The old Hindu city is situated at a distance of five miles from Indraprashtha or Indrapat. It is said to have been founded by Râjâ Dilu, and it was the capital of the Tomar king Anaṅga Pâl and his descendants and also of the Chohan king Biśâla Deva and his great grandson Prithvirâja. It contains the celebrated Iron Pillar set up by Râjâ Dhava in the fourth century of the Christian era (JASB., vol. VII, p. 629) to commemorate his victory over the Bâhlikas of the Panjab, but according to Dr. Bhau Daji (Revised Inscription on the Delhi Iron Pillar at Kootub Minar), the inscription does not contain the name of Dhava at all, but it shows that the pillar was constructed by one Chandra Râjâ, at the end of the 5th or beginning of the 6th century A.D., and he further says that the translation of the inscription in JASB., vol. VII, pp. 629-31 is incorrect. The inscription has now been correctly read and translated by Mr. Vincent A. Smith. The pillar was erected by Kumara Gupta I, son of Chandra Gupta II (Vikramâditya) in 415 A.D. (JRAS., 1897, p. 8). The pillar is now situated in the quadrangle of Prithvirâja's Yajñaśâlâ, called Bhootkhânâ by the Mahomedans.

c6.s3.4.3

It also contains the ruins of a fort called Lâlkoṭ built by Anaṅga Pâl II in 1060 A.D.; the temple of Yogamâyâ worshipped by the Hindu emperors; the Kutub Minar, the highest tower in the world, built by Kutub-uddeen, the first Mahomedan emperor of Delhi, in 1193; the beautifully decorated tomb of Altamash; and the Alai Darwazâ or the gate of Alla-ud-din, built in 1310 A.D. Delhi appears to have been deserted after the fourth century, but peopled again by Anaṅga Pâl II after the conquest of Kânouj by the Rathors. Prithvirâja, the last Hindu king of Delhi, was defeated and taken prisoner and put to death by Mahomed Ghori in 1193, and the Hindu city of Delhi became the capital of the Pathan kings, Kutubuddin and his successors. Kutubuddin Eibuk and Altamash lived at Prithvirâja's fort (Lâlkoṭ) from 1191 to 1236. Ghiasuddin Bulban built another fort and town containing the "Ruby" or "Red" Palace at Ghiaspore near Humayun's Tomb and the Deenpânnâ Fort. Keikobad, his grandson, built a palace at Kelkheri or Gunglukheri. Alla-uddin built the town and fort of Secree, containing the Kutub Minar (JASB., 1847, p. 971). There are two of Aśoka's pillars in Delhi containing his edicts, one of them is situated at Ferozabad or Koṭilâ of Firoz Shah, where it was removed by him from a place near Srughna called Khizerabad, and the other is placed near the Memorial Tower of the Mutiny, where it was removed from Mirat by the same emperor.

c6.s3.5

Deobund—Dhutavana, in the Saharanpur district, United Provinces, two miles and a half to the west of the East Kalmadi where Yudhishthira resided with his brothers during his exile.

c6.s3.6

Deoghar—Same as Baidyanath.

c6.s3.7

Deva—The river Devika, a name of the Sarayu in Oudh.

c6.s3.8

Devalvara—In the Central Provinces, traditionally it was Kundinapura, the ancient capital of Bidarbha. Bedar is also said to be the ancient Bidarbhapura or Kundinapura.

c6.s3.9

Deva-Prayaga—At the confluence of the Bhagirathi and the Alakananda, it is one of the five (Pancha) Prayagas.

c6.s3.10

Devi-Patan—Forty six miles north-east of Gonda in Oudh. It is one of the Pithas where Sati's right arm is said to have fallen.

c6.s3.11

Dhar—Dharanagara in Malwa the capital of Raja Bhoja.

c6.s3.12

Dharanikota—See Amaravati.

c6.s3.13

Dhariwat—In the district of Gaya, sub-division Jahanabad where the Gunamati monastery was situated on the Kunwa hill, visited by Hiuen Tsang.

c6.s3.14

Dharmapur—Dharmapuri, north-east of Damaun and north of Nasik.

c6.s3.15

Dharmaranya—1. Dharmapushtha. 2. Dharmaranya of the Buddhist records, visited by numerous pilgrims from Buddha Gaya. 3. Portions of the districts of Ghazipur, Balia and Jaunpur were known by the name of Dharmaranya (see Balia).

c6.s3.16

Dhaubar Lake—Nandikunda the source of the river Sabarmati twenty miles north of Doongarpur, in Guzerat.

c6.s3.17

Dhauli—The Dhauli hill near Bhuvanesvar in Orissa which contains an inscription of Asoka.

c6.s3.18

Dhikuli—Bairatapattana, the capital of Govisana in the district of Kumaun.

c6.s3.19

Dhopap—Dhutapapa on the Gumti, eighteen miles south-east of Sultanpur in Oudh, where Ramachandra is said to have been absolved of his sin for killing Ravana, who was a Brahmana, by bathing in the river there. Ramachandra is also said to have expiated his sin of slaying Ravana at Hatya Haran (Hatya harana) near Kalyanmath, twenty-eight miles south-east of Hardoi in Oudh where he bathed on his return from Lanka. The Kashtaharini Ghat at Monghyr is also counted as one of the ghats where Ramachandra expiated his sin.

c6.s3.20

Dhosi—Chyavana asrama, six miles south of Narnol, in the territory of Jaipur, where the eyes of the Rishi Chyavana were pierced by Sukanya, a princess of Anupadesa, whom he afterwards married.

c6.s3.21

Dhumela—1. The river Dhabali. 2. The Bihudi. 3. The Arjuna. 4. The Sitaprastha. 5. Sutabahuni, a feeder of the river Rapti in Oudh. Same as Buda Rapti.

c6.s3.22

Diamond Sands—Amaravati, about eighteen miles to the west of Bejwada, on the Krishna. It is celebrated for its Stupa known as Purvasaila Sangharama.

c6.s3.23

Dibhal—Darbhavati, twenty six miles south-west of Bulandshahr.

c6.s3.24

Dildarnagar—Akhanda, twelve miles south of Ghazipur.

c6.s3.25

Dinajpur—It appertained to the ancient Pundra desa.

c6.s3.26

Dindigala—1. Timugila of the Mahabharata. 2. Tangala and Tiga of Ptolemy, in the district of Madura, Madras Presidency.

c6.s3.27

Diu—Davabandara in Guzerat.

c6.s3.28

Divar—The island of Dipavati on the north of the Goa island, containing the temple of Saptakotishvara Mahadeva.

c6.s3.29

Doab (Gangetic)—1. Antarveda. 2. Savasthali, between the Ganges and the Jamuna.

c6.s3.30

Dohthi—The confluence of the streams Marha and Biswa, in the district of Fyzabad in Oudh, where Dasaratha, king of Ayodhya killed the blind Rishi's son by mistake. Near it was the hermitage of the blind Rishi Sarvana.

c6.s3.31

Doonagiri—The Droṇāchala mountain of the Purāṇas, in Kumāun. Dowlatabad—1. Devagiri. 2. Dharagara. 3. Tagara of the Greeks, in the Nizam's territory. It was founded by Bhillama in the twelfth century. Vopadeva, the celebrated grammarian, and Hemādri flourished in the court of Rāmachandra, who was defeated by Alla-uddin, king of Delhi. Dubāur—Durvāsā-āśrama; the hermitage of Durvāsā Ṛishi was situated on a hill, seven miles south-east of Rajauli, in the sub-division of Nowādā, district Gayā. Dvarkā—1. Dvārāvatī. 2. Dvārāvatī. 3. Kuśasthalī. 4. Daśārṇa, in Guzerat. It was the capital of Kṛishṇa; he founded it after his flight from Mathurā when attacked by Jarāsandha, king of Magadha, hence he is worshipped there as Ranchhora-nātha.

c6.s3.32

E.

c6.s3.33

Eastern Ghats—Mahendra-parvata. Edar—Badari of the Buddhists, in Guzerat. Ekaliṅga—Hārita-āśrama, the hermitage of Ṛishi Hārita, the author of one of the Saṃhitās. It is situated in a defile about six miles north of Udaipur in Rajputana. Elephanta—The island of Gharāpurī or Purī, in the province of Bombay. Ellora—1. Ilbalapura. 2. Elapura. 3. Maṇimatipurī. 4. Vellūra. 5. Śivālaya. 6. Śaivala. 7. Revāpura. 8. Deva-parvata. 9. Durjjayā. It was the abode of Ilbala, a demon, whose brother Vātāpi was killed by Agastya. It is situated near Dowlatabad in Central India. It is also called Berulen (see Berulen). Ellora contains the temple of Ghuśṛiṇesa (Ghrishṇeśvara), one of the twelve jyotir-liṅgas of Śiva. Elur—Same as Ellora. Euphrates—The river 1. Vivṛiti of the Garuḍa P. 2. Nivṛiti of the other Purāṇas. Śālmala-dvīpa or Chal-dia. Eusofzai—Ali-madra of the Brahmāṇḍa P. It was included in ancient Gāndhāra and Udyāna; it is bounded on the north by Chitral and Yasin, on the east by the Indus, on the west by the Swat river and Bajawar, and on the south by the Kabul river. Everest—1. Mount Gaurī-śaṅkara. 2. Gaurī-śikhara, in Nepal.

c6.s3.34

F.

c6.s3.35

Fatehabad—Samugar, on the Jamuna, nine miles east of Agra, where Aurangzeb defeated Dara. Ferozabad—1. Chandwar. 2. Chandrapura, near Agra, where in 1193 Shahabuddin Ghori defeated Jayachandra, king of Kanouj.

c6.s3.36

G.

c6.s3.37

Gadak—Kuṭaka, an ancient town in Dharwar district, Bombay. Gaḍ-maṇḍala—It was included in Dakshiṇa-Kośala. Gaḍ-Mukteśvar—Gaṇa-Mukteśvara, on the Ganges in the district of Mirat; it was originally a quarter of the ancient Hastināpura. Gagāson—Garga-āśrama, on the Ganges, in the district of Rai Bareli, opposite to Asni. Gahmar—Geha-Mura, in the district of Ghazipur (E. I. Railway); it was the abode of Murā, a demon, who was killed by Kṛishṇa. Gālava-āśrama—The hermitage of Ṛishi Gālava was situated at a distance of three miles from Jaipur in Rajputana. Gambhirā—A branch of the river Śiprā in Malwa, mentioned by Kālidāsa in his Meghadūta. Gaṇḍak—1. The river Gaṇḍakī. 2. The Śālagrāmī. 3. The Nārāyaṇī. 4. The Silā. 5. The Triśula-Gaṅgā. 6. The Gallikā.

c6.s3.38

Gangabal—The lake Uttara-Gangâ, situated at the foot of the Haramukh mountain in Kâśmîr, supposed to be the source of the river Sindh, which is also called Uttara-Gangâ by the Kâśmîris.

c6.s3.39

Gangâ Lake—Uttara-Mânasa, a place of pilgrimage at the foot of the Haramukh Peak near Nandikshetra in Kâśmîr.

c6.s3.40

Gangâ-Sâgara—1. The Sâgara-Sangama. 2. Kapulâśrama, at the mouth of the Ganges where Kapila destroyed the sons of Sagara by his curse

c6.s3.41

Ganges—1. The river Gangâ 2 The Bhâgîrathî. 3. The Jâhnavî 4 The Trisrotâ.

c6.s3.42

Gangeśvari-Ghât—Śânta-tîrtha in Nepal, at the confluence of the rivers Maradârikâ and Bâgmatî. Pârvatî is said to have performed penance at this place.

c6.s3.43

Gangotri—1. Gangodbheda 2. Gângotrî (Gângâvatarî), the source of the river Ganges in the Rudra Himalaya in Garwal.

c6.s3.44

Ganjam—Ganjam appertained to the ancient Kalînga, the capitals of which were Manipura (Mânikapattana), Ganjam and Râjamahendri at different periods.

c6.s3.45

Gares—See Gurez

c6.s3.46

Garo Hills—Tomara on the south-west of Assam.

c6.s3.47

Garwal Mountains—See Rudra-Himalaya

c6.s3.48

Gaud—1 Gaudâ. 2. Lakshmanâvatî 3 Nivriti 4 Lakhnauti 5. Bijayapura. 6. Pundravardhana 7 Barendra, the ancient capital of Bengal, the ruins of which lie near Mâldâ at a distance of ten miles The Râmakeli fair, which was formerly held at Râmakeli, a village near Gaud, is held every year at the latter town since the time of Chaitanya. Gaud was situated at the junction of the Ganges and Mahânandâ. The Khajeki Masjid, the Daras Mosque and the Dakhil Darwâzâ (city gate) were built by Sultan Hossen Shah The Natun Mosque and Chamkooti are built of coloured bricks

c6.s3.49

Gauhâti—1. Prâgjyotishapura. 2. Kâmarûpa 3 Kâmâkshyâ, the capital of Kâmarûpa, in Assam. It is one of the Pîthas.

c6.s3.50

Gauri-Kunda—At the confluence of the Kedâr-Gangâ and the Bhâgîrathî, at a short distance from Gangotri.

c6.s3.51

Gayâ—1. Gayâśirsha. 2. The southern portion of the modern town of Gayâ was the ancient Gayâ. The present temple of Vishnupada was built by Ahalyâbâi, Mahârânî of Indor (1766 to 1795), on the site of an old Buddhist temple; the impression of Vishnu's foot which is worshipped at present was an engraving of Buddha's foot formerly worshipped by the Buddhists. The Brahmayoni hill on the southern side of the town was the Gayâsîsa or Gayâśirsha mountain of the Buddhists On the site of Aśoka's stûpa on the top of the mountain, the Hindus have built a temple of Chandî or Sâvitrî. All the temples in Gayâ, containing impressions of feet, where the oblation ceremony is performed nowadays, as at Râmsilâ hill and other places, were ancient Buddhist temples appropriated by the Hindus after the decay of Buddhism in India. The Sûrya-kunda near the Vishnupada temple an ancient Buddhist tank. Brahma-sara of the Mahâbhârata is one mile to the south-west from the Vishnupada-temple (Gayâ-mâhâtmya). Gayâ proper is called Brahma-Gayâ; six miles south of it is Bodh-Gayâ or Buddha-Gayâ, Rudra-Gayâ is in Kolhâpura, and Lenar in Berar is called Vishnu-Gayâ. An inscription near the Akshaya-Bata (the undecaying Banian tree) in Gayâ shows its existence as a Tîrtha in the tenth century A.D. (Dr. Bloch's Arch. Rep, 1902, in Calc. Gaz., September 17, 1902, p. 1301).

c6.s3.52

Gendia—Gokarna, a town in North Canara, thirty miles to the south of Goa.

c6.s3.53

Ghaggar—The river Pâvanî in Kurukshetra, which, properly speaking, is the united stream of the Sarasvatî and the Ghaggar.

c6.s3.54

Ghâgrâ—1. The river Sarayû. 2. The Ghargharâ. 3. The Dewâ, in Oudh; the town of Ayodhyâ is situated on this river.

c6.s3.55

GHARA The united stream of the Bias and the Sutlej is called Gharâ, but the natives call Gharâ—¹ (JASB., 1837, p. 179).

c6.s3.56

¹ the guilds of

c6.s3.57

it Nai—The districts of Ghazipur, Jaunpur and Balia in the United Provinces appertain to the ancient Dharmâraṇya (see Baliâ). It is a Mahomedan town. It contains the tomb of Lord Cornwallis and the ruins of a handsome palace of Nawab Kasim Ali in the banquetting-hall of which was a deep trench which was used to be filled with rose water when the Nawab and his friends were feasting there. (Chunder’s Travels of a Hindu).

c6.s3.58

Giriyek—1. Raivata. 2. Raivataka. 3. Ujjayanta. 4. Girinagara. 5. Udayanta,—the Girnar hill in Guzerat. It was the hermitage of Rishi Dattâtreya. Sûta was killed at this place. It is also one of the five hills sacred to the Jains, containing temples of Neminâth and Pârs’vanâth.

c6.s3.59

the te—The Indras’ilâ hill, on the southern border of the district of Patna, ten miles to the south of Bihar (town), comprising the ancient Buddhist village called 1. Giriyek. 2. Ambajed Jarâsandha-kâ-Baiṭhak, which is a Dagoba or tope (stûpa), erected, according to Hiuen Tsiang, in honour of a Hamsa (goose). It is Fa Hian’s “Hill of the Isolated Rock.”

c6.s3.60

Goa—Gî—The river. 1. Dakshiṇa-Gaugâ. 2. The Gautamî. 3. The Gomatî. 4. The Godâvarî. 5. The Gautamî-Gaṅgâ. 6. The Nandâ. 7. The Godâ. It has its source in the Brahmagiri mountain near the village called Tryambaka. The portion of the river which lies between the confluence of the Pranahîtâ and the Ocean was Mahâsûla of the Padma Purâṇa and Maisolos of the Greeks.

c6.s3.61

the l—Gautama-âsrama at Revelganj, seven miles to the west of Chhâprâ (see Ahiârî). The place however appears to have derived its name from the circumstance that Gautama crossed the Ganges at this place after leaving Pâṭaliputra. Godnâ is a corruption of Godâna. Râjâ Janaka is said to have made a gift of cows at this place in order to expiate his sin for killing a Brâhmin.

c6.s3.62

Gogâ—Same as Ghâgrâ.

c6.s3.63

Gogrâ—a—1. Same as Gendia. II. 1. S’leshmâtaka. 2. Uttara Gokarna, two miles to the north-east of Pasupatinâtha in Nepal in the Bagmatî.

c6.s3.64

the n (Purâṇa)—1. Gokula. 2. Braja. 3. Mahâvana, six miles south-west of Mathurâ on the Yamunâ, where Kṛishṇa was reared up by Nanda during his infancy. Same as Mahâvana. The name of Braja was extended to Brindâban and the neighbouring villages, the scene of Krishna’s early life. Gokul or new Gokula which was founded by Ballabhâchârya is the water-side suburb of Mahâvana which has been identified by Growse with Cleisoboras of the Greeks.

c6.s3.65

Klisida—Kala-kuṇḍa, about seven miles from Hyderabad in the Nizam’s territory. The seat of government was removed from Golkonda to Hyderabad in 1589.

c6.s3.66

Gomul—1. Gonardda. 2. Gonanda. 3. Gauḍa in Oudh, it was a sub-division of Uttara Kosala. Gonda is considered by some to be the corruption of Gonardda, the birth-place of Patañjali, author of the Mahâbhâshya.

c6.s3.67

of Pâna—1. Dakshiṇa-Kos’ala (see Berar). 2. Mahâ-kos’ala; it includes Wairagarh in the district of Chanda, about eighty miles from Nagpur. It is the Gaḍ-Katangah of the Mahomedan historians, governed by the celebrated heroine Durgâvatî.

c6.s3.68

Gondwana Hills—The hills of Gondwana were included in the ancient Riksha parvata Govardhan—1. Mount Govardhana, eighteen miles from Brindâban in the district of Mathurâ It is said to have been lifted by Krishna on his little finger 2 Govardhanapura of the Mârkaṇḍeya Purâṇa, a village near Nasik Great Desert—1 Marusthalî 2 Marusthala 3 Maru 4 Marubhûmi 5 Mârava, east of Sindh Gujrât—The district of Gujrât in the Panjab appertained to the ancient kingdom of Paurava Gumbatoi—Masura-vihâra in Buner, about twenty miles to the south west of Manglora, the ancient capital of Udyâna Gumti—1. The river Gomati 2 Vâsishṭhî in Oudh Guptâra—1 Gopratâra 2 Guptahari, on the bank of the Suaju at Fyzabad in Oudh, where Râmachandra is said to have died. Gurez—Daratpuri, the capital of Darada, on the north of Kasmi It may be identified with Urjagunda Gurpa-Hill—1. Gurupâda hill 2 Sobhnâth Peak of the Maher hill in Gayâ, where Mahâkâsyapa died See Kurkihar. Gurudâspur—The district of Gurudâspur was the ancient 1 Audumvara 2 Udumvara 3 Dahmeri, in the Panjab Same as Nurpur. Gutiva—Kshemavatî, the birth place of Buddha Karakuchanda in the Nepalese Terai Guzerat—1. Gurjjara 2 Saurâshṭra 3 Surâshṭra 4 Ânartta 5 Lâṭa. 6 Lâḍa or Lâla 7. Nâṭaka 8 Larike of Ptolemy The south eastern portion of Guzerat about the mouths of the Nerbuda was called Âbhîra, the Aberia of the Greeks In the seventh century, when Hmen Tsiang visited India, the southern parts of Rajputana and Malwa were known by the name of Gurjjara the modern peninsula of Guzerat being then known by the name of Saurâshṭra The Sah kings of Saurâshṭra from Nahapâna to Swâmi Rudra Sah reigned from 79 to 292 A D According to Fergusson the Saka era dates from the coronation of Nahapâna, who was a foreigner (Fergusson's History of Indian and Eastern Architecture, p 150) But the convention of the fourth Buddhist synod by Kanishka, who was a Kushan (included in the general name of Saka), was a more remarkable incident of the time than the coronation of king Nahapâna, as it concerned the religion of the whole of India But Dr. Bhau Daji says "I was strongly inclined to look upon Gautamiputra as the founder of the Sâlivâhana era, but the claims of Nahapâna appear to be much more probable" (Literary Remains of Dr Bhau Daji, p 85) Dr Bhagavânlâl Indraji is of opinion that the Saka era commencing 78 A D was inaugurated by Nahapâna to commemorate his victory over a Sâtakarṇi king, named in honour of his Saka overlord (The Western Kshatrapas in JRAS, 1890, p. 642) Gwalior—1 Gopâdri. 2 Gopichala 3 Gosringa parvata

c6.s3.69

Hagari—The river Bedavati, a tributary of Tungabhadrâ, in the district of Bellari and Mysore Hajipur—The sub division of Hajipur in the district of Muzaffarpur in the province of Bengal, was called 1 Bisâlâ 2 Bisâlâ chhatra. Râmachandra and Lakshmana are said to have halted at Hajipur on their way to Mithilâ at the site of the present temple, which contains the image of Râmachandra, on the western side of the town Hala Mountain—The southern part of the Hala mountain along the lower valley of the Indus was called Somagiri Halebid—1 Dvârâvatî 2 Dorasamudra 3 Dvâra-samudra, in the Hassan district of Mysore It was the capital of Chera under the Hoysala Ballâlas in the tenth century Hampi—1. Pampâ 2. Vidyânagara in the district of Bellari.

c6.s3.70

Haramuk—The mount Haramukta or Haramukuṭa in Kasmir, twenty miles to the north of Srinagar.

c6.s3.71

Hardwâr—1. Gaṅgâdvâra: 2. Haradvâra. 3. Kanakhala. 4. Mâyâpurî. 5. Mayûra. 6. Haridvâra. Though Kanakhala and Mâyâpurî are at present two different towns and distinct from Hardwar, yet at different periods Hardwar was principally known by these two names (see Skanda Purâṇa and Meghadûta of Kâlidâsa). Kanakhala, is two miles to the south-east of Hardwâr. It was the scene of the celebrated Dakshayajña of the Purâṇas. Mâyâpurî is between Hardwâr and Kanakhala, it was one of the seven sacred towns of India. The temple of Mâyâ Devî is situated in Mâyâpur.

c6.s3.72

Hardwar Hills—Uśînara-giri, through which the Ganges enters the plains. Same as Sewalik Range (Imperial Gazetteer, s.v. Haridwar).

c6.s3.73

Harihar—Hariharanâthapura on the river Tuṅgabhadrâ, a celebrated place of pilgrimage mentioned in the Padma Purâṇa.

c6.s3.74

Hari-Parvat—Śârikâ, three miles from Srinagar in Kasmir, where the temple of Śârikâ Devî, one of the 52 Pîṭhas, is situated. It was the hermitage of Ṛishi Kâśyapa, from whom the name of Kâśyapapura or Kâśmîr was derived.

c6.s3.75

Hashtânagar—1. Pushkalâvatî. 2. Pushkarâvatî. 3. Peukelaotes of the Greeks, the old capital of Gândhâra or Gandharva-deśa, founded by Pushkara, son of Bharata and nephew of Râmachandra. It is situated seventeen miles north-west from Peshawar on the river Landai, formed by the united streams of the Swat and the Panjkora.

c6.s3.76

Hassan-Abdul—1. Takshaśilâ. 2. Taxila of the Greeks, eight miles north-west of Shah-dheri in the Panjab, between Attock and Rawalpindi. The Kathâ-sarit-sâgara places it on the bank of the Jhelum. It was founded by Taksha, son of Bharata and nephew of Râmachandra. It has also been identified with the ancient Harya.

c6.s3.77

Hastinâpur—1. Hastinâpura, the capital of the Kurus and of Duryodhana of the Mahâbhârata, twenty-two miles north-east of Mirat. Nichakshu, the grandson of Janamejaya, removed his capital to Kauśâmbî after the diluvion of Hastinâpura by the Ganges. It was also called 2. Gajasâhvayanagara. 3. Nâgapura.

c6.s3.78

Hâthab—Hastakavapra near Bhaonagar in Gujerat, which is the Astacampra of the Periplus and Astakapra of Ptolemy.

c6.s3.79

Hâthiphore Tunnel—The Ṛiksha-vila of the Râmâyaṇa in the Sargujâ State of Chuṭia-Nâgpur. But it appears to have been situated in south Mysore.

c6.s3.80

Hatsu—The river Hastisoma, a tributary of the Mahânadî.

c6.s3.81

Hattia-Haran—Hatyâ-haraṇa, twenty-eight miles south-east of Hardoi in Oudh (see Dhopâp).

c6.s3.82

Hautmatî—The river Hastimatî, a tributary of the Sâbarmatî (Sâbhramatî) in Gujerat.

c6.s3.83

Hazara—1. Abhisârî of the Mahâbhârata. 2. Abhisârâ. 3. Abisares of the Greeks, but this identification is not correct. The ancient Uraga or Urasa has been identified by Dr. Stein with the country of Hazara.

c6.s3.84

Hazaribagh—The eastern portion of the district of Hazaribagh in the province of Bengal appertained to the ancient country of Malladeśa.

c6.s3.85

Helmand—The river Harkhaiti of the Avesta and the Saraswatî of the Atharva Veda, one of the three Saraswatîs in Eastern Afghanistan which was called Arachosia.

c6.s3.86

Herdaun—Same as Hindaun.

c6.s3.87

Himalaya—1. Himâdri. 2. Himâchala. 3. Himâlaya. 4. Himavâna.

c6.s3.88

Hindaun—Hiraṇyapuri, in the Jaipur state, seventy-one miles to the south-west of Agra, where Vishnu is said to have incarnated as Nṛisiṁha Deva and killed Hiraṇyakaśipu, the father of Prahlâda. It is also called Herdoun. But see Multân and Hyrcania.

c6.s3.89

Hindu-Kush—1. Pâripâtra. 2. Niṣadha-parvata. 3. Meru. 4. Sumeru. 5. Kaukasus. 6. Pamir. 7. Paraponesus mountain of the Greeks in Śâkadvîpa.

c6.s3.90

Hinglâj—Hingulâ, situated at the extremity of the Hingulâ range on the coast of the Mekran in Beluchistan. It is one of the Pīṭhas.

c6.s3.91

Hrishīkeśa—A celebrated place of pilgrimage at a short distance from Hardwâr.

c6.s3.92

Hullabid—Same as Halobid.

c6.s3.93

Hundeś—Same as Undeś.

c6.s3.94

Hyderabad—1. Bhaganagara, in the Nizam's territory, named after Bhâgmatî, the favourite mistress of Kutub Mahomed Kuli who founded it in 1589 and removed his seat of government to this place from Golkonda, about seven miles distant. 2. Hyderabao in Sindh has been identified by Cunningham with Patala.

c6.s3.95

Hyrcania—Hiranyapura, the capital of the Daityas (Mbh., Vana, ch. 172, Udyoga, ch. 97), on the south-east of the Caspian Sea near Asterabad. See Hindaun.

Linked texts (10)