Encyclopedia of India–China Cultural Contacts v1.c7.s9.t10: Surendranath Dasgupta
Encyclopedia of India–China Cultural Contacts v1.c7.s9.t10
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- English
Surendranath Dasgupta
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Surendranath Dasgupta (1885-1952 CE), an Indian modern philosopher and pundit, was born in a Sanskrit scholarly family in Bengal Kushtia. He received education in his early life at the school established by Krishna Gal Society. Later he went to Cambridge University to study Western philosophy. He devoted his life to philosophy and the teaching of Sanskrit, and also the research of Indian philosophy history. Dasgupta had been the professor at Chittagong College, head of Department of Philosophy at Calcutta Provincial
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S. Dasgupta
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College, college principal of Calcutta National Sanskrit College, professor of Philosophy at the University of Calcutta and professor of Sanskrit at the University of Edinburgh, etc. Due to his outstanding achievements in Sanskrit and research on the history of Indian philosophy, he was invited by Western universities and went abroad to give lectures many times. He had been to the United States of America, France, Germany, Italy, Poland and other countries to teach Indian philosophy. He also attended international Philosophy conferences as a representative of Indian philosophers.
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Dasgupta occupies an important position in Indian modern philosophy history. After publishing his book *History of Indian Philosophy*, he received praises from scholars both in domestic and foreign countries, thus Dasgupta's name became wellknown. *History of Indian Philosophy* was written in English, divided in five volumes, with total 38 chapters. It was first published in 1922, and was later constantly reprinted. Till 2009, the 7th edition had been published. He advocated digging raw data of India in depth, systematically sorted out national cultural heritages in order to study the development history of Indian philosophy from the nationalist point of view. Thus, in his book, *History of Indian Philosophy*, he collected and collated a lot of original data in Sanskrit, Pali and local dialects, used these data systematically to discuss the germination, emergence and development of Indian philosophy. This philosophy history covered a large time span, from the Vedic era of 15th century BCE till 16th century CE, about 3,000 years of history. This book not only described the philosophy in Vedas and Sanskrit books, Upanishad philosophy, Buddhist philosophy, Jainadharma philosophy, the six schools of Hinduism philosophy: - Samkhya, yoga theory, Vaisesika, Nyāya, Mimamsa theory, Vedanta theory - but also discussed the philosophy of Bhagavad Gita, and a variety of reformist philosophy emerging during the medieval pietistic reform movement, such as Vallabha school, Chanitaniya school, brave Shiva school (also known as Lingayat), Agama and so on. It not only discussed the theories and doctrines of the various philosophical schools in India, but also discussed the ideological differences and struggles between the various schools. *History of Indian Philosophy* has important academic value for the study of ancient Indian philosophy and its research methods also had a profound impact on later philosophers. In addition, his other important book, *Indian Idealism* reflected his own philosophical thoughts and perspectives.
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Regarding Dasgupta's philosophical thoughts, there are introductions and interpretations in many dictionaries and books published in China, such as *Encyclopedia of China - Philosophy Volume* (1987), *South Asia Dictionary* (1998) and so on. *History of Indian Philosophy* (English version) is collected by major libraries in China, such as the National Library, Library of Peking University, and Library of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.
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(Zhu Mingzhong)
Cites (1)
- Bhagavadgītā — Vyāsa, Sanskrit