[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [Historical geography](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.geography) › [Encyclopedia of India–China Cultural Contacts](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.geography.mea-2014) › v2.c10.40 # Encyclopedia of India–China Cultural Contacts v2.c10.40 Encyclopedia of India–China Cultural Contacts v2.c10.40 - **Language:** English ### [v2.c10.40](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.geography.mea-2014.v2.c10.40) All Chinese scholars in the Song wrote poetry and most of them were influenced by Buddhism. They always called themselves Householder: for example, Ouyang Xiu (1007-1087, Liuyi Householder), Zhang Shunmin (?-1100, Fuxiu Householder), Su Shi (Dongpo Householder), Qin Guan (1049-1100, Huaihai Householder), Chen Shidao (1053-1101, Houshan Householder), Li Qingzhao (1084-1151, Yi’an Householder), Fan Chengda (1126-1193, Shihu Householder) and Zhang Xiaoxiang (1132-1169, Yuhu Householder). Not all of them believed in Buddhism, and it only indicated that it was a fashion for scholars to call themselves Householder then; they achieved a kind of elegance that was undoubtedly related to Buddhism. Some scholars in the Song treated Buddhism as a kind of learning. They became recluses, showed indifference to officialdom, called themselves Householder, and did what they liked. - [Previous: v2.c10.39](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.geography.mea-2014.v2.c10.39) - [Next: v2.c10.41](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.geography.mea-2014.v2.c10.41) - [Up: v2.c10](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.geography.mea-2014.v2.c10) --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.geography.mea-2014.v2.c10.40](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.geography.mea-2014.v2.c10.40) · Pramāṇa