Encyclopedia of India–China Cultural Contacts v2.c10.s2.t29: Jainendra Kumar
Encyclopedia of India–China Cultural Contacts v2.c10.s2.t29
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Jainendra Kumar
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Jainendra Kumar (January 2, 1905 - December 24, 1988), a Hindi writer, was born in Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India. His real name was Anandi Lal.
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Jainendra Kumar was educated at an old-fashioned private school founded by his uncle when he was young. In 1919, he joined Banaras Hindu University. But in 1921, he gave up his studies and devoted himself to the non-violent movements led by Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi. He went to prison three times due to his activities in the
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Jainendra Kumar
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national movement. He forged a profound friendship with the Indian writer, Munshi Premchand and succeeded him as the editor of the magazine ‘*Hans*’ after Premchand passed away.
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He completed his maiden work - a medium-length novel ‘*Parakh*’ in 1928 and had it published in 1929. In 1930, he published his first short story collection ‘*Phansi*’. His major works include ‘*Sunita*’ (1935), ‘*Tyagapatra*’ (1937), ‘*Kalyani*’ (1939), ‘*Sukhda*’ (1953) and ‘*Muktibodh*’ (1965). His creation was deeply influenced by the psychoanalytic theory of Sigismund Schlomo Freud, and his works include abundant detail descriptions and psychological descriptions. In 1966, his short story ‘*Muktibodh*’ won him the Sahitya Akademi Award. In 1971, he was awarded the Padma Bhushan by the Government of India. In 1979, he won the Sahitya Akademi Fellowship.
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In 1956, he was invited to China to attend the commemoration of the 20^th anniversary of the death of Lu Xun. His representative work ‘*Tyagapatra*’ was translated into Chinese and published by the People’s Literature Publishing House in 1959.
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(Jia Yan)