[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [Historical geography](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.geography) › [Cosmography and Geography in Early Indian Literature](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.geography.sircar-1967) › c7.s3.47 # Cosmography and Geography in Early Indian Literature c7.s3.47 Cosmography and Geography in Early Indian Literature c7.s3.47 - **Language:** English ### [c7.s3.47](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.geography.sircar-1967.c7.s3.47) 1. Gandharva, 2. Kinnara, 3. Yakṣa, 4. Rakṣas, 5. Vidyādhara, 6. Uraga (Nāga), 7. Kalāpagrāmaka, 8. Kimpuruṣa, 9. Khasa, 10. Kirāta (mountaineers according to Al-Bīrūnī), 11. Pulinda (explained by Al-Bīrūnī as hunters of the plains, who were robbers), 12. Kuru, 13. Bharata, 14. Pañcāla, 15. Kāśī, 6. Matsya (mistake for Vatsa), 17. Magadha, 18. Aṅga, 19. Brahmottara, 20. Vaṅga, and 21. Tāmralipta. - [Previous: c7.s3.46](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.geography.sircar-1967.c7.s3.46) - [Next: c7.s3.48](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.geography.sircar-1967.c7.s3.48) - [Up: c7.s3](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.geography.sircar-1967.c7.s3) --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.geography.sircar-1967.c7.s3.47](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.geography.sircar-1967.c7.s3.47) · Pramāṇa