Vedic Metre in its Historical Development c16.s1: A. Stanzas of Two Verses

Vedic Metre in its Historical Development c16.s1

Language: English

A. Stanzas of Two Verses

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7. Type 8.8.3: occurs v 24 in a hymn of four verses, of which the first is of the type 8.8.4: see § 242 iii.

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9. Type 8.8.8: *Gāyatrī*. Common in all periods; see Ch. VII throughout: for the strophes see § 245 iii.

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10. Type 8.8.11: probably aimed at in i 150, see § 242 ii.

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11. Type 8.8.12: *Uṣṇih*. Regularly used in triplets, § 245 i.

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12. Type 8.12.8: *Kakubh*. For the use in lyric triplets see §§ 245 ii, 246 i; in the Kakubh-Sato-bṛhatī strophe § 246 ii.

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13. Type 11.7.11. Used in x 105, see § 244 iii.

14. Type 11.8.8. This uneven lyric stanza occurs in x 93 2, for which see § 242 v: an occurrence in the popular Rigveda *iv 57 5 may be due to some error in the text. It is possible that this is also the metre aimed at in ix 67 30, where each of the last two verses has nine syllables.

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15. Type 11.11.7. This uneven lyric metre is imperfectly preserved in i 120 1-9: see § 244 ii.

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16. Type 11.11.11: *Virāj [Tripadā Triṣṭubh]*. This metre is established in the strophic period, and the stanzas are usually grouped in triplets: see § 251 i. Hymns not so arranged are i 149, iii 25, vii 1 1-20. This stanza occurs in i 120 3 in place of No. 15.

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17. Type 12.8.8: *Pura uṣṇih*. This stanza usually occurs as the last in a lyric triplet; see § 245 ii: other occurrences are vi 48 13, viii 30 2. Occurrences in the popular Rigveda are doubtful, but appear in the text as *i 23 19, *vii 66 16.

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18. Type 12.8.12. This stanza occurs in ix 110 1-3, and is perhaps the basis of viii 46 14 (13.8.14).

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19. Type 12.12.12: [*Tripadā Jagatī*]. This stanza is found in triplets in ix 110 4-6, 7-9.

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C. STANZAS OF FOUR VERSES.

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²⁰ Type 5.5.5.5: *Dvipadā Virāj [Pentad]*. See § 249.

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²¹ Type 5.5.5.11: *Padapaṅkti*. A variation of No. 20, occurring in iv 10: see § 249 iii.

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²² Type 8.4.8.8: [*Dimeter Pura uṣṇih*]. This stanza is found in the text in viii 28 4, 46 5: in each case the short verse is perhaps a gloss, and the stanza really *Gāyatrī*.

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²³ Type 8.8.4.8: [*Dimeter Kakubh*]. Occurs viii 22 11, as a variation of Kakubh in the usual strophe: see § 246 ii.

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²⁴ Type 8.8.8.4: [*Dimeter Uṣṇih*]. For the occurrences see § 192, and for the arrangement in strophes § 245 i.

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²⁵ Type 8.8.8.8: *Anuṣṭubh*. See Ch. VII throughout.

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26. Type 8.8.12.8: *Bṛhatī*. Most regularly in the *Bṛhatī-Sato-bṛhatī* strophe, see § 246 iii : occasionally in triplets, § 246 iv : in homogeneous hymns and in detached verses, § 246 iv.

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27. Type 8.8.12.12. In viii 10 4 this stanza represents *Sato-bṛhatī* : see § 246 iii. In *x 170 4 it is probably the accidental result of contamination of *Anuṣṭubh* and *Jagatī* verse; cf. Nos. 35, 39, 46.

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28. Type 8.11.11.11. A stanza of this type is found in the text v 19 5 : either it is to be read as a *Paṅkti* verse by omitting *vāyúnā* in *b*, or it is parallel to No. 8 : see § 244 iv.

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29. Type 8.12.8.8: *Skandhogrīvī*. Occurs i 175 1 in an *Anuṣṭubh* hymn.

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30. Type 8.12.8.12: *Viparītā*. This stanza represents *Sato-bṛhatī* in viii 46 12 : see § 246 iii.

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31. Type 8.12.12.8: *Viṣṭārapaṅkti*. This stanza is equivalent to *Satobṛhatī* and is used in connexion with it : it occurs x 140 1, 2, 144 6 : see § 246 v.

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32. The type 9.9.8.8 occurs i 187 11. It is perhaps only an accidental variation of *Anuṣṭubh*.

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33. Type 10.10.10.10: *Virāṭsthānā*. In ii 11 ; complete stanzas are rare, but one is quoted in § 50. See § 250 i.

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34. Type 10.10.10.10: [*Gautamī*]. There is no complete stanza, but i 61 13 is nearly complete. See § 250 iii.

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35. Type 11.8.8.8: *Purastādbr̥hatī*. This important uneven lyric metre is regularly used in x 22 (§ 243) and may probably be restored in x 93 3, 13 (§ 242 v). The occurrence in *x 17 13 is perhaps accidental : cf. Nos. 27, 39, and 46.

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36. Type 11.8.11.8: *Viṣamāpadā*. This appears to be an uneven lyric metre, but only occurs in viii 46 20 : see § 244 iv.

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37. The type 11.11.7.7 occurs i 120 4, and is a variation of No. 15.

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38. Type 11.11.7.11. This is an uneven lyric metre, similar to No. 13 : it is found in i 88 5 (§ 244 i), and in x 132 3, 4, 5 (§ 242 vi).

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39. Type 11.11.8.8. This important uneven lyric metre is found in i 88 6 (§ 244 i) and in x 93 1, 4, 14 (§ 242 v). Cf. Nos. 38 and 46. For the occurrence in *i 164 42 cf. Nos. 27, 35 and 46.

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40. Type 11.11.8.11. This occurs in i 88 1 (§ 244 i), and in the text in i 122 5.

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41. Type 11.11.11.8. This is found in the text in iii 21 4 : see § 244 iv.

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42. Type 11.11.11.11: *Triṣṭubh*. See Ch. VIII throughout.

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43. Type 12.8.8.8. This variation of No. 35, for which it has suggested a title, is only found in x 93 15.

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44. Type 12.8.12.8: *Satobṛhatī*. This stanza is almost exclusively found in strophes (occasionally in triplets) combined either with *Kakubh* or with *Bṛhatī*: see § 246.

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45. Type 12.8.12.12: *Madhyejyotis*. This variation of Sato-bṛhatī is found in viii 10 2, 22 12: see § 246 ii iii.

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46. Type 12.12.8.8: *Prastārapaṅkti*. This stanza is closely connected with No. 39, and is found frequently in x 93 and 132, and as the concluding verse of a triplet in vii 96 3. See §§ 242 v vi, 246 i. There is an occurrence in the popular Rigveda in *x 18 11: cf. Nos. 27, 35 and 39.

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47. Type 12.12.12.8: *Upariṣṭājjyotis*. This is a variation of Sato-bṛhatī, the regular metre of viii 35, and also found in viii 103 5, and x 140 6, 144 5, and 150 4, 5. In x 140 6 it is described in the Anukramaṇī as Triṣṭubh. See § 246 v.

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48. Type 12.12.12.12: *Jagatī*. Common only in the normal and cretic periods, see § 114 Note 4: even in these the metre is almost unknown to Kuśika (Maṇḍala iii). See Chapter viii throughout. For the relation to Triṣṭubh see § 251 vi.

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49. The type 12.12.14.12 appears to occur in viii 97 10: cf. the next No.

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50. Type 13.13.13.13: *Atijagatī*. A complete stanza is found viii 97 13: and the two following stanzas appear to aim at the same result.

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51. Type 20.11.11.11. This is found in *vii 50 4, and invites emendation.

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⁵² Type 5.5.5.5.11: *Mahāpadapaṅkti*. This stanza occurs in iv 10 5, and is an extension of No. 21.

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⁵³ Type 8.8.8.4.8 [*Dimeter Bṛhatī*]. This variation of No. 25 occurs viii 46 7, 62 7-9.

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⁵⁴ Type 8.8.8.8.4: *Upariṣṭādbṛhatī*. This variation of No. 25 is the only lyric metre which is found mostly in the later parts of the Rigveda: it occurs *vii 55 2-4; viii 46 18, 97 11, 12; x 126 1-7 (5 irregular).

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⁵⁵ Type 8.8.8.8.8.8: *Paṅkti*. This metre was originally an extension of No. 25, and only used in concluding stanzas of Anuṣṭubh hymns: but it is found as an independent metre in i 29, 80, 81, 82 1-5, 84 10-12, 105; v 6, 75, 79; viii 31 15-18, 39, 46 21, 24; and in the popular Rigveda in *x 86.

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⁵⁶ Type 8.8.12.8.8: *Mahābṛhatī*. This occurs i 105 8; vi 48 7; and is a variation of No.

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²⁶ See § 246 iii.

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⁵⁷ Type 11.7.7.11.11. This extension of No. 12 is found in x 105 11: see § 244 iii.

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⁵⁸ Type 11.11.11.11.11: *Śakvarī*. This extension of the Triṣṭubh stanza is fairly common in the archaic period, and occasional later: it occurs iv 17 14-15, 27 3; v 2 12, 41 16-17, 19-20, 42 16-17, 43 15-16; vi 2 11, 15 15, 31 4, 49 15, 63 10-11; x 115 9. See § 94 iv.

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⁵⁹ Type 12.8 | 8.8:8: viii 35 23 (cf. No. 49), 46 22, and x 93 9 (cf. No. 48).

Cites (2)

Ṛgvedasaṃhitā — Sanskrit
Anukramaṇī