Vedic Metre in its Historical Development c19.s5: Maṇḍala V
Vedic Metre in its Historical Development c19.s5
- Language
- English
Maṇḍala V
c19.s5.1
[The hymns in Anuṣṭubh with occasional extra verse stand alone in the Rigveda, and appear in the main to constitute the original Atri collection. In these hymns hiatus is extremely common. The trimeter hymns agree closely with the second Maṇḍala in character, only a few bearing indications of early date. See §§ 105 i, 109 iii.]
c19.s5.2
¹ 11a adyá; 11b tiṣṭhā; 12d uru-áñcam, § 178. 2. 12e extra verse. 3. 10a bhūrī námā, § 159 iv. 4. 6b suáyai; 7a Pentad verse: ucáthaih is an attractive correction, § 151 iii. 5. 7b perhaps hótāra, § 174 ii; 10b irregular cadence: perhaps read náma gúhiā; 11c devébhiaḥ. 6. 2a sá; 5d túbhya; 6a prá ū; 9c utá: pupūriāḥ, § 147 i; 10a evá with hiatus; 10d áśu-áśviam. 7. 2a kútra; 5a smā; 7c híri-śmaśāruḥ, § 151 iii; 7d hypersyllabic verse, § 191 iii; 8a smā; 8b sváditir 'va, § 129 ii; 10d, 10e sasahíāt, §§ 147 i, 169 iii; 10e catalectic verse. 8. 1a perhaps ṛtayávaḥ, § 168 iii. 9. 2a daásvataḥ; 3a, 4a smā; 7a abhí, § 167 iii.
c19.s5.3
¹⁰ 1d pánthaam; 2c tué, § 173 v; 4d yéṣaam; 6a nú ū; 7c vibhūṣáham, § 166 iv. 11. 1d -ébhiaḥ. 12. 3c véda. 13. 2b adyá; 5c rāsvā. 15. 5a nú; 5c Pentad verse. 16. 3a maghávanah or perhaps maghávanaḥ; 5a nú ū. 17. 3a vá 'sá u: the Sandhi is unusual, perhaps read asyá 'saú vá u, cf. §§ 130 iii, 171 v; 5a nú ū. 18. 3c yéṣaam; 4b páanti; 5b áśvānaam; 5e extra verse: nṛṇáam. 19. 1, 2 Trochaic Gāyatrī; 5b vāyúnā appears to be a gloss on bhásmanā, § 152 i; 5c, 5d catalectic dimeter verses; 5e -stháaḥ.
c19.s5.4
²¹ 3c tuā. 22. 3a tuā; 3c probably váreṇyasya with y cons.,
c19.s5.5
§ 137 iii; 4b sahasia. 23. 1b perhaps prasáhā, § 167 v; 3c viánti. 24. For the metre see § 242 iii. 25. 3b sumatiā; 7b arcā; 7c, 7d tuát; 8c utá. 27. 2d yácchā; 6a śatadávani. 28. 1b uṣásam, § 170 ii a: perhaps uruyā́, § 178 (H. Oldenberg); 3a śardhā. 29. 5a túbhya; 8c ahuanta, § 142 iii b; 13a kathā́ nú; 14d perhaps táviṣeḥ, § 170 iii; 15b návia, § 151 ii.
c19.s5.6
30. 3a nú; 4d probably Virātsthānā verse; 5b śrútia; 6a perhaps túbhyam íd; 6b sunuánti, § 147; 7c átra; 9c ubhá with final shortened before vowel, § 174 i d. *15a gávia, § 151 ii. 31. 2a dravā̄; 6c probably śaktivaḥ, § 168 ii: ródasī 'bhé, § 128 ii; 13b mā́. 32. 3a tiásya.
c19.s5.7
33. 1a dídhie; 1c Rest at the fourth place; 2b catalectic Bhārgavī verse, § 227 iii b; hárīṇam; 2c as 1c; 2d prá 'riáh, § 145 vi; 3b ásan; 4a Virātsthānā verse (índra type). 4c caesura after the third syllable: the verse becomes regular if tatakṣé is placed at the end; 4d apparently daasásya: extended Triṣṭubh verse; 5a as 4a; 5b yaatā́ḥ; 6a -ényam (y cons.): tué or Virātsthānā verse; 6d tuví-, § 166 vi b; 7a perhaps read evā́ na indra ákavābhir útí; 10a Rest at the fifth place is probable. 34. 1c sunótanā. 35. 2d sú; 8a indra éhi.
c19.s5.8
36. 1a Virātsthānā verse (índra type); 5a tuā̄. 37. 4a yásmin. 38. 3b catalectic verse; 4a utá; 5c, 5d sugopā́ḥ. 40. 1c etc. vṛṣann, § 177 iii; *7a, 7c Rests at the fifth place, but see § 151 i; *9a Epic Anuṣṭubh semi-cadence.
c19.s5.9
41. This hymn contains numerous Rests, words with resolved vowels, and examples of hiatus; 1c trásithām; 3a yáyisṭha (-ā dual shortened); 4d áśu-aśva-; 5b irregular cadence; 7d ha, § 175 ii; 8b Virātsthānā verse; 9a requires correction, § 225; 9b su-aítavaḥ; 10b apā́m or Pentad verse; 10d Rest at the fifth place; 11b perhaps rayā́ye, § 139 i; 11d diaúḥ; 12c probably Pentad or Gautamī verse; 13a mahataḥ or mahaaḥ, see § 178; 14c candrá-agrāḥ; 14d see § 170 ii e; 16b perhaps Rest at the fourth place; 16b, 16c áccha-uktau; 16d Virātsthānā verse; 16e Rest at the fifth place; 19a Pentad verse. 42. 2b hṛ́dia; 3a īrayā̄; 4d sumatí, § 139 iii; 15b yuvanyún is suspicious on account of the rhythm: perhaps yuvayúḥ; 17a extra verse to 16; 18 borrowed from v 76.
c19.s5.10
⁴³ 3b bharatā̄; 4a bāhú, final -ū being shortened before the vowel, § 174 i c; 6b gnāám, § 142 i; 6d vahā̄; 10d gantā̄; 13c gnāáḥ; 14b Virātsthānā verse. 44. 6a evā́; 8d sá; 10b catalectic verse; *15a, *15b, *15c hybrid verses.
c19.s5.11
⁴⁵ This hymn has many archaic variations; 1a viṣiánn, § 148 vi; 1d Rest at the fourth place; 2b Virātsthānā verse; 2d sthū́ṇā iva; 3b mahīnaam; 5a ētā̄; 8c āsaam; 9a yaatu, saptá-aśvaḥ. 46. 2b márutam utá with Sandhi, § 130 iv; 2c rudarā́ḥ, § 149 ii; 4d tvāṣṭā̄ with hiatus; cf. ix 70 1d; 5c vidmā̄. 49. 3b vástav usrā́ḥ, § 170 ii e; 5b probably caesura after third syllable: su-uktá-. 50. 1a nayitúḥ, § 142 iii b; 2a heptasyllabic verse; 2b ca with hiatus; 3c patheṣṭháam, § 142 i; 5b ráthasas pátīḥ, § 151 iii.
c19.s5.12
⁵¹ 12b suastí; 13a Bhārgavī verse, § 227 ii b: the resolution adiā́ can hardly be justified; 13d rudarā́ḥ, § 149 ii; *14b, *14d suastí gives a better rhythm, and -í should probably be read throughout; *14b
c19.s5.13
probably *svastí* pathie, with long fifth syllable: but see § 135; *14c *svastí* with *v* cons., § 125 iii a; *15a *svastí*: *pánthām ánu* with Sandhi, § 130 iv.
c19.s5.14
52. 1a *śyāvāśua*, § 145 ii *b*; 2d *paanti*; 3c *marútaam*; 4d *páanti*; 8c, 9a *smā*; 9a *páruṣṇīām*; 10c *máhya*; 14c *dhṛṣṇava ójasā* with Sandhi seems unavoidable: see § 130 i; 15a *nú ū*; 16a catalectic verse; 16b *gáam*, § 142 ii; 17d *gávia*, § 151 ii. 53. For the metres see § 248 i; 4a *vāśiṣu*; 8a *yātā*; 12a *adyá*; 13c *dhattanā*; 14c *vṛṣṭuí*.
c19.s5.15
54. 4c *ájathā*; 6b *kapanā ’va*, § 129 ii; 6d *cákṣur ’va* ib.; 7d perhaps *rájanam*, § 170 ii *c*; 14b *avathā*; 14d *dhatthā*, and as 7d. 55. 4c *utá*; 10a *nayata*. 56. 1c *marútaam* is doubtful; 3c *śimivān*; 5c Rest at the fourth place; 7b *smā*. 57. 2a *vāśimantaḥ*, § 168 ii; 2c *sthā*; 7c *kṛṇutā*. 58. 4a *íria*; 5d *matí* is probable, § 139 iii; 7b *suám*. 59. 2b probably *nāvāḥ*, § 142 ii; 5b *yūyudhuh*, § 169 iii; 7a *śráyiṇiḥ*. 60. 2c extended Triṣṭubh verse; 8b *pibā*.
c19.s5.16
61. 2a the probable reading is *kú vó ’svāḥ kú abhíśavaḥ*, cf. v 74 1a: § 151 iii. Similarly in 1a *kú* is a probable correction for *ké*. 2b *śekā*, § 158 i; 5c *śyāvāśua-*; 10a *dhenūnāam*; 16c *yajñyāsaḥ*, § 135: but perhaps the true reading is *yajyavaḥ*. 62. 2a *sú*; 3b *mítrā rájānā*, § 166 i; 9d *jigivāṃsaḥ*. 63. 6c *vasatā*. 64. 2c *vaam*, § 151 i; 3a *aśíām*; 3b *yayīām*, § 142 iii *a*; 4a perhaps *mitra varuṇa*, § 166 i; 4b *dhayiām* ib.; 4d *stoṭṛṇāam* or *spuurdháse*, § 151 i; 5d *sákhīnaam*; 7a *ucchántīām*. 65. 5c *tuótayaḥ*; 6a *mitrā*; 6d *má*. 66. 2b *asuryám*, § 135: *ásate*; 6b *mítrā*, § 174 ii. 67. 1a *deva* is doubtful, § 174 ii; 1d *āśathe*; 3d *páanti*; 5ab *mitra...váruṇa*, § 166 i. 68. 4c *devā*. 69. 2c *tiṣṛṇām*. 70. 4b *bhujema*. 72. 2a, 3a irregular cadence. 73. 1c *purú- purū- bhujā*, §§ 160 i, 166 iv; 9a *vā* u, § 171 v.
c19.s5.17
74. 1a *kúa sthaḥ*; the old form *kú* is curiously preserved in a verse where it cannot stand; *deva* with -*ā* shortened, § 174 i *a*; 2b *nāasatya*; 2d *nadīnaam*; 3b *yuñjathe*, § 170 i; 6c *nú ū*; 7a *adyá*; 8b *yāyiṣṭha*; 10c, 10d *vaam*, § 151 i. 75. 2b *ahám sánā* requires correction. 76. 1c *ráthiā*. *78. 5b *súsyantiāḥ*; 9d *jívantiāḥ*. 79. 2c *ucchā*. 80. 1c *uṣásam*, § 170 ii *a*. 81. 5d *śyāvāśuaḥ*.
c19.s5.18
82. 1c *śráyiṣṭham*; 4b, 4c probably require correction as follows: *prajāvat saúbhagam suvā | duśvápniam pārā suvā*. *83. See p. 43; 1a *vadā*; 3a probably *rathír* iva (*Lanman*); 6b *pinvatā*; 9d probably *pṛthvíām*, § 151 iii; 10c extended Triṣṭubh verse. 84. 2c Epic Anuṣṭubh semi-cadence. 85. 6a *nú*.
c19.s5.19
86. 1a *índrā-agnī*; 3b *maghávanoḥ* or *maghávanoḥ*; 5b, 5d *deva* with -*ā* shortened, § 174 i *a*; 6a *evá índrā-agníbhyāam*, heptasyllabic dimeter verse: or read *índrāya agnáye*. 87. For the metre see Ch. ix, App. No. 63; 3c *yésaam*; 4c *suāt*; 9a catalectic verse; 9e *syātā*.
Linked texts (1)
- Ṛgvedasaṃhitā — Sanskrit