Vedic Metre in its Historical Development c7.s1: 85. B. Words Characteristic of the Rigveda Proper

Vedic Metre in its Historical Development c7.s1

Language: English

85. B. Words Characteristic of the Rigveda Proper

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3. *ádri* ‘stone,’ and its compounds *adri-já*, *-jūta*, *-dugdha*, *-barhas*, *-budhna*, *-bhíd*, *-mātar*, *-śuta*, *-saṃhata*, *-sānu*.

4. *ándhas* ‘sap.’ Cf. D 12.
5. *abhíṣṭi* ‘help,’ and its compounds *abhiṣṭi-kṛt, -dyumna, -pá, -mát, -śavas, su-abhiṣṭi, su-abhiṣṭi-ṣumna*.
6. *abhíka* ‘face.’
7. *aráti* ‘minister.’
8. *aruṣá* ‘red,’ and *aruṣástūpa*.
9. *arj* (*ṛj, ṛñj*) ‘stretch.’
10. *árṇas* ‘stream,’ with *arṇasá, arṇovít, khádo-, gó-, dhánu-, mádhu-arṇas*.
11. *ávas* ‘help,’ except the form *ávase*, which remains in use later: also *avasy, avasyú, su-ávas*.
12. *avitár* and *avitṛ́* ‘helper.’
13. *ávya* ‘sheep,’ with *avyáya* and *ávyaya*.
14. *áśvia* ‘of horses.’
15. *asuría* (text *asuryà*) ‘lordly,’ and *asuryá* (text *asuryà*) ‘lordship.’
16. *āyú* ‘age,’ with *āyuṣák, ékāyu, viśváyu, viśváyupoṣas, viśvá-yuvepas*.
17. *índu* ‘drop.’
18. *uruṣy* ‘widen,’ *uruṣyá*, and *uruṣyú*.
19. *uśíj* (proper name) with *auśijá*.
20. *ūtí* (except the dative *ūtáye*, which remains in use later), with *án-, ánti-, itá-, urví-, śatám-, sadyá-, sahásra-, sahásram-, and su-ūtí*.
21. *ṛjiṣín* ‘direct.’
22. *ṛtay* ‘order,’ with *ṛtayá, ṛtayú, ṛtayát, ṛtayín, ṛtayú*.
23. *ṛbhukṣán, ṛbhukṣá* (proper name).
24. *ṛṣvá* ‘upright,’ with *ṛṣvá-ojas* and *ṛṣvávīra*.
25. *kā* ‘regard,’ with *ākāyía* (also included in A 17).
26. *kútsa* (proper name) with *kutsa-putrá, -vatsá*, and *kutsiá*.
27. *kṣití* ‘dwelling,’ with *uru-, dhārayát-, su-kṣití*.
28. *gábhasti* ‘arm,’ with *gábhasti-pūta*, and *pūrṇá-, sú-, su-,* and *syúma-gabhasti*.
29. *giráḥ* ‘songs’ in the plural: *gír* ‘voice’ remains in use in the singular. Also compounds of *gír*, namely *girávṛdh, gírvaṇas, gir-vaṇasyú, gírvāhas, muhurgír, samgír*, and *satyágirvāhas*.
30. *gómant* ‘rich in cattle.’
31. *cánas* ‘delight,’ with *canasy, cániṣṭha, cánohita*.
32. Compounds beginning or ending with *candrá* ‘gold’; namely *aśva-, puru-, viśvá-, su-, svá-, hári-candra: candrá-agra, -nirṇij, -budhna, -ratha, -vat*, and *-varṇa*. *candrá* itself remains in use later.
33. *camú* ‘cup,’ with *camūṣád*.
34. *carṣaṇí* ‘mortal,’ with *carṣaṇī-dhṛt, -prá, -ṣáh*, and *prá-* and *ví-carṣaṇi*. *viśvácarṣaṇi* remains in use later.
35. *júr* ‘aging,’ with *a-, amā-, ṛta-, dhiyā-, ni-, sanā-júr*, and *ájūryat*.

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36. *tánaya* ‘offspring.’ Cf. D 25.
37. *táviṣī* ‘strength,’ with *táviṣī-mat, -y, -yú, -vat* and *ánibhṛṣṭa-taviṣī*.
38. The verb and adjective *tuj* ‘grow,’ with *tujī, túji, tuñjá, tútuji, tūtujī, ātujī*. The noun *túj* remains in use later.
39. Compounds ending in *-tur* ‘conquering,’ namely *ap-, āji-, pṛtsu-, mithas-, rajas-, ratha-, radhra-, viśva-, vṛtra-, supra-túr*.
40. *turá* ‘strong,’ with **turá-gātu, turayá, turáṣáh*.
41. *turváśa* (proper name) and *turváśayádú*.
42. Compounds beginning with *tuvi-*, namely *tuvi-ójas, -kūrmí, -kūrmín, -kratu, -kṣá, -grá, -grábhá, -yrí, -grīva, -jātá, -deṣṇa, -dyumná, -nṛmná, -pratí, -bādhá, -brahman, -maghá, -manyu, -mātrá, -mrakṣá, -rádhas, -vāja, -śagma, -śúṣma, -śravas; tuvíṣṭama, túviṣmat; tuviṣvaṇás, -ṣváni, -ṣvan*; *tuví-magha, -ráva, -rávat*.
43. *damś* ‘excel,’ with *damśána, damśánā, damśánāvat, dámśas, dámśiṣṭha, dámśu, dámśujūta, dámśupatnī; purudámśa, purudámśas, sudámśas*.
44. *dasmá* ‘wondrous,’ with *dasmát, dasmávarcas, dásmia, puru-dasmá*.
45. *dasrá* ‘wondrous.’
46. *daśasy* ‘do worship,’ with *daśasyá*.
47. *dāś* ‘do worship,’ with *dāśú-adhvara, dāśuri, ádāśu, ádāśuri*. The participle *dāśváṃs* is already included in A 26, and the noun *dáś* in A 15.
48. *duroṇá* ‘house,’ with *duroṇa-yú* and *-sád*.
49. *dúvas* ‘worship,’ with *duvasy, duvasyú, duvoyá, duvoyú*.
50. *duṣtára* ‘hard to overthrow.’
51. *devátāt* and *devátāti* ‘divinity.’
52. Compounds beginning or ending with *dyumná* ‘brilliance,’ namely *abhiṣtí-, *rta-, tuvi-, tveṣá-, víbhūta-, su-dyumná; dyumná-vat, -várdhana, -śrávas, -sáh, -sáti, -hūti*; *dyumnín*. The simple noun *dyumná* remains in use later, and also the proper name **pāśadyumna*, for which see D 2.
53. Compounds ending in *-druh: a-, akṣṇayā-, antaka-, ánabhì-, abhi-, asma-, puru-, viṣu-drúh*.
54. *dhanv* ‘run.’
55. *dhītí* ‘insight,’ and *ṛtadhīti*.
56. *dhúni* ‘roaring,’ with *dhunay, dhúni-mat, -vrata, dhúnīcúmurī* and *dhunéti*.
57. *nárya* ‘heroic,’ and *náriāpas*.
58. *návya* and *návyas* ‘young.’
59. *nítya* ‘own,’ with *nítya-aritra, -stotra, -hotar*.
60. *niyút* ‘car,’ with *niyútvat* and *niyúdratha*. Cf. *anáḍvah* in D 2.
61. *nṛtama* ‘most heroic.’
62. *paty* ‘rule.’

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63. pāyú ‘protector.’
64. pavāká ‘brilliant,’ with pavāká-varcas, -varṇa, -śocis.
65. pītí ‘drink,’ with á-, pūrvá-, sá-pīti: most of the former are already included in A 36 above.
66. púramdhi (proper name), with púramdhivat.
67. puruspŕh ‘much desired.’
68. purūvásu ‘very wealthy.’
69. paúṃsia ‘heroic.’
70. pratná ‘ancient,’ with pratnáthā. pratnavát is included in A 42 above.
71. práyas ‘sustenance,’ with práyasvat, and ghṛtá-, su-, hitá-prayas.
72. prāśasti ‘plenty,’ with prāśastikṛ́t.
73. maṃh ‘be mighty,’ with maṃhánā, maṃhaneṣṭhá, maṃhayád-rayi, maṃhayú, māṃhiṣṭha, māṃhīyāṃs.
74. maghá ‘wealth.’
75. maghávan ‘lord,’ except as used of Indra.
76. matsará ‘excited,’ with matsarávat and matsarín.
77. mandrá ‘glad,’ with mandrá-ajani, -jihva, -yú, and purumandrá.
78. mánman ‘thought,’ with manmaśáh, manma-sádhana, and dur-, yajñá-, vípra-, satyá-, and su-mánman.
79. Compounds ending in -mahas ‘might’: citrá-, prá-, mitrá-, vājapra-, ví-, vidyút-, viśvá-, vṛddhá-, sú-mahas.
80. yajatá ‘worshipful,’ with yájatra, yájiṣṭha, and yájīyāṃs.
81. yahú ‘quick,’ with yahví.
82. raṇvá ‘pleasing,’ with raṇvásamḍṛś.
83. rádhas ‘wealth,’ with rādhaspati and rādhodéya, and the compounds anavabhrá-, áśva-, ghṛṣri-, citrá-, tuvi-, paṅktí-, vītí-, satyá-, su-, spārhá-rādhas. arādhas remains in use later.
84. vakṣ ‘grow.’
85. vanús ‘charm,’ with vanuṣy.
86. várivas ‘free room,’ with varivas-y, -yá; varivo-kṛt, -dhá, -víd.
87. vártis ‘path.’
88. várpas ‘wonder,’ with ghorá-, puru-, prátijūti-, bhúri-, hári-varpas.
89. vája ‘prize,’ with vājayát and vājayú, and the compounds citrá-, jyá-, tuví-, puru-, bharád-, bhárad-, śatá-, sanád-, sahásravāja: vāja-kṛtya, -gandhia, -jaṭhara, -dá, -dávan, -draviṇas, -pati, -patnī, -pastia, -peśas, -pramahas, -prasūta, -bandhu, -bharman, vājambhará, vája-ratna, -vat, -śravas, -śruta, -sáni, -sá, -sít. vājasāti is included in No. 104.
90. vājínīvasu ‘liberal.’
91. vára ‘hair, tail,’ with váravat, 1. puruvára, 1. vitávāra.
92. váhas ‘waggon,’ with the compounds ukthá-, gír-, nṛ-, bráhma-, mṛktá-, vípra-, satyágir-, sindhu-, stóma-vāhas. yajñávāhas is in use rather later.
93. vípra ‘poet,’ with vípra-jūta, -manman, -rájia, -vacas, -vāhas, -vīra : a-, sáma-, sú-vīpra.

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94. vītí ‘obtaining,’ with vītí-rādhas and -hotra, and ghaúri-, devá-, and rátha-vīti. vitáye is included in A 36.
95. vīrávat ‘rich in men.’
96. Compounds in -vṛkti, namely námo-, su-, and svá-vṛkti.
97. vṛdhá ‘furtherer’: vṛdhasnú; a-, kavi-, namo-, marúd-, and śé-vṛdha; sadávṛdha. tuávṛdha is included in A 12.
98. śáṃsa ‘praise.’
99. śávas ‘strength,’ with śavasāvat, śavasín, śavasí, śáviṣṭha; ápratidhṛṣṭa-, abhíṣṭi-, asāmi-, dví-, nákṣatra-, vṛddhá-, satyá-śavas.
100. śúṣṇa (proper name) and śúṣṇahátya.
101. Compounds ending in -śocis: ágrbhīta-, ajirá-, ūrdhvá-, citrá-, tigmá-, dīrghāyu-, duróka-, pavāká-, vṛddhá-, śirá-, śukrá-, śréṣṭha-, svá-śocis.
102. śrávas ‘glory,’ with śrávas-kāma, -y, -īā, -yá, -yú; suśravasyá; śráviṣṭha; śrava-eṣá, śravojít; upamá-, gāthá-, gūrtá-, citrá-, tuví-, dīrghá-, devá-, dyumná-, pṛthu-, prathamá-, prá-, bṛhát-, vásu-, vája-, vṛddhá-, satyá-, su-śrávas.
103. sátpati ‘master.’ Cf. D 6.
104. sātí ‘attainment,’ with arká-, árṇa-, toká-, dhána-, medhá-, vája-, śúra-sāti. sātáye is included in A 36.
105. sánu ‘back,’ with sānuká: also adri-, ūrdhvá-, pṛ́dāku-sānu: snú, ghṛtásnu, ghṛtasnú.
106. sukrátu ‘wise,’ with sukratūy and sukratūyá.
107. sumná ‘blessing.’
108. suvitá ‘prosperity.’
109. suvīria ‘heroism.’
110. sūra ‘sun,’ and sūracakṣas; asūrā.
111. sūrī ‘lord.’
112. stotár ‘singer.’
113. spārhá ‘desirable,’ with spārhárādhas, spārhávīra.
114. su-adhvará ‘happy in the sacrifice.’
115. sūarvat ‘glorious.’
116. haryatá ‘desirable.’
117. havīṣmat ‘bringing offerings.’

Cites (2)

Aṣṭādhyāyī — Pāṇini, Sanskrit
Ṛgvedasaṃhitā — Sanskrit