A History of Ancient Sanskrit Literature, so far as it illustrates the Primitive Religion of the Brahmans c4: Errata
A History of Ancient Sanskrit Literature, so far as it illustrates the Primitive Religion of the Brahmans c4
- Language
- English
Errata
c4.1
Page 36. line 26. read Sakuntalâ. ” 45. line 37. ” Dvâraka. ” 110. line 21. ” Purâṇa. ” 160. line 28. ” ûshman. ” 181. line 24. ” Dhânanjayya. ” 200. line 30. ” ἀπὸ. ” 227. line 26. ” यत्तु line 30. न्नि Ibid. प्यवेद. ” 247. line 27. ” kripîṭam, kirîṭam. ” 284. line 2. ” tirîṭa. ” 364. line 27. ” Śaunakins. ” 382. line 14. ” Kâkshîvateti; line 16., Dîrgha. ” 499. line 4. ” σήματα. ” 573. line 9. ” नारदं. ” 576. line 10. ” निर्दश. ” 585. line 5. ” शौद्रान्यायाद.
c4.2
Page 252. line 26. The Kratusangraha is frequently quoted by Sâyaṇa, in his Commentary on the Tâṇḍya-brâhmaṇa in elucidation of obscure passages. P. 252. l. 27. The Viniyoga-sangraha is likewise quoted by Sâyaṇa as containing explanations of the Mantras employed in the Tâṇḍya-brâhmaṇa.
c4.3
Page 325. line 22. There was no space left for printing the list of the Upanishads; it will be published in one of the Oriental Journals.
c4.4
Page 580. line 3. The statement of Ajîgarta intending to devour his own son is clearly a modern addition of the Sânkhâyanas.
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Traces of the Buddhistic crisis in the latest productions of the Vedic Literature . . . . . 35 Distinction between Vedic and non-Vedic works . . 36 The Epic Poems, the Râmâyana and Mahâbhârata, no authority for the History of the Vedic Age . . 36 Traces of earlier Epic Poetry . . . . 37 Extract from the Sânkhâyana-sûtras . . . 37 Meaning of Gâthâ, Nârâsansî, Itihâsa, Âkhyâna, Purâna, Kalpa, Vidyâ, Upanishad, Sloka, Sûtra, Vyâkhyâna, and Anuvyâkhyâna, as titles of Vedic Literature . . 40 Supposed quotation of the Bhârata or Mahâbhârata, in the Sûtras of Âsvalâyana . . . . 42 The war between the Kurus and Pândavas, unknown in the Vedic Age . . . . . 44 The original Epic Traditions of India were remodelled by the Brahmans . . . . . 46 The Five Husbands of Draupadî . . . . 46 The Two Wives of Pându, and the Burning of Mâdrî at his Death . . . . . 48 King Dasaratha killing the Son of a Brahman . . 49 The relation between Parasú-Râma and Râma . . 49 Variety of Local Customs during the Vedic Age . . 49 Family-laws and Traditions . . . . 51 Vedic customs differing from the later Brahmanic Law . 56 The Story of Kakshîvat . . . . . 56 The Story of Kavasha Ailûsha . . . . 58 The Purânas, no authority for the History of the Vedic Age 61 The so-called Laws of Manu, no authority for the History of the Vedic Age . . . . . 61 The Veda the only safe basis of Indian History . . 62 Importance of the Veda in the History of the World . 63 Importance of the Veda in the History of India . . 63 The Veda, the most Ancient Book of the Aryan Family . 65
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HISTORY OF VEDIC LITERATURE.
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External criteria for distinguishing between Vedic and non-Vedic Works . . . . . 67 Metre, as an external Criterion . . . . 68 No work written in continuous Anushtubh-ślokas belongs to the Vedic age . . . . . 68
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Division of the Vedic Age . . . . . 70 The Chhandas, Mantra, Brâhmaṇa, and Sûtra Periods . 70
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CHAPTER I.
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THE SÛTRA PERIOD.
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The peculiarities of the Sûtras . . . . 71 The Paribhâshâ or key to the Sûtras . . . 72 The Law of Anuvṛitti and Nirvṛitti . . . 73 The system of Pûrva-paksha, Uttara-paksha, and Siddhânta 73 The Sûtras belong to the Smṛiti or non-revealed Literature of the Brahmans . . . . . . 74 The distinction between Śruti (revelation) and Smṛiti (tradition) was made by the Brahmans after their ascendancy was established . . . . . . 76 It preceded the Schism of Buddha . . . 77 Attacks on the Brahmans before Buddha’s time . . 80 Viśvâmitra, Janaka, Buddha, all Kshatriyas . . 80 Arguments used by the Brahmans against the Buddhists . 82 The Brahmans appeal to the absolute authority of the Śruti or revelation . . . . . . 82 A similar argument adopted in later times by the Buddhists themselves . . . . . . 83 Extract from Kumârila . . . . . 84 The Admission of a human Authorship for the Sûtras shows, that at the time of the Buddhistic Controversy the Sûtras were works of recent origin . . . 86 Smṛiti and Smṛitis . . . . . . 86 The Authority of the Smṛiti defended . . . 87 Extract from Sâyaṇa’s Commentary on Parâśara’s Smṛiti . 87 The Sûtras are not classed as Śruti, though they treat on subjects connected with the Veda . . . 95 Extract from Kumârila . . . . . 95 The Sûtras divided into Śrauta and Smârta . . 99 The Admission of Lost Śâkhâs discussed . . 100 Extract from Haradatta’s Commentary on the Sâmayâ- chârika-sûtras . . . . . . 100 Extract from Âpastamba . . . . . 105 Probability of the loss of Śâkhâs . . . 106 The distinction between Śruti and Smṛiti known to the authors of the Sûtras . . . . . 107
c4.12
*The Six Vedângas, or Branches of Vedic Exegesis* . . 108 The Name of the Vedângas . . . . . 109 The Number of the Vedângas . . . . . 111 The First Vedânga, Śikshâ or Pronunciation . . . 113 It formed part of the Âraṇyakas . . . . 113 It became the principal Subject of the Prâtiśâkhyas . 116 Origin of the Prâtiśâkhyas . . . . . 117 Numerous Authors quoted in the Prâtiśâkhyas . . 118 Prâtiśâkhyas attached to the different Śâkhâs of each Veda . . . . . . . 118 The proper meaning of Śâkhâ and Prâtiśâkhya . . 119 Difference between Śâkhâ and Charaṇa . . . 125 Difference between Charaṇa and Parishad . . . 128 Character of Parishads, in ancient and modern Times . 129 Legal Sûtras, belonging to the Charaṇas . . . 132 The original sources of the “Laws of Manu,” &c. . . 132 The threefold Division of Law . . . . 133 The Prâtiśâkhya of the Śâkala-śâkhâ of the Rig-veda by Śaunaka . . . . . . . 135 The Prâtiśâkhya of some Śâkhâ of the Taittirîya-veda . 137 The Prâtiśâkhya of the Mâdhyandina-śâkhâ of the Yajur-veda by Kâtyâyana . . . . . 138 The Prâtiśâkhya of some Śâkhâ of the Atharva-veda . 139 List of Teachers quoted in the Prâtiśâkhyas, the Nirukta, and Pâṇini . . . . . . 142 No Prâtiśâkhya required for the Sâma-veda . . 143 General character of the Prâtiśâkhyas . . . 144 The metrical Vedânga on Śikshâ . . . . 145 The Mâṇḍûkî-śikshâ . . . . . . 146 The Second Vedânga, Chhandas or Metre . . . 147 Treatise by Śaunaka . . . . . . 147 Treatise by Kâtyâyana . . . . . . 147 The Nidâna-sûtra of the Sâma-veda . . . 147 The Treatise ascribed to Pingala . . . . 147 Lost Works on Metre, by Yâska, and Saitava . . 148 Nomenclature of Metres . . . . . 149 The Third Vedânga, Vyâkaraṇa or Grammar . . 150 Pâṇini and his predecessors . . . . . 150 The Uṇâdi-sûtras . . . . . . 151 The Phiṭsûtras of Śântana . . . . . 152 The Fourth Vedânga, Nirukta or Etymology . . 152