[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [Polity, law and society](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity) › [The World of Courtesans](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.chandra-1973) › c8.65 # The World of Courtesans c8.65 The World of Courtesans c8.65 - **Language:** English ### [c8.65](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.chandra-1973.c8.65) \*Aksharamushtika\* or cipher language: This is divided into two classes, visible (\*sabhasa\*) and invisible (\*nirabhasa\*) The first was also known as \*aksharamudra\*. It was used in conveying secret messages \*Nirabhasa\*, also known as \*bhutamudra\*, was a sort of sign language through which different mudras conveyed their own meanings and it was used in secret counsel - [Previous: c8.64](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.chandra-1973.c8.64) - [Next: c8.66](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.chandra-1973.c8.66) - [Up: c8](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.chandra-1973.c8) --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.chandra-1973.c8.65](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.chandra-1973.c8.65) · Pramāṇa