[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [Polity, law and society](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity) › [Hindu Administrative Institutions](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.dikshitar-1929) › c6.s3.9 # Hindu Administrative Institutions c6.s3.9 Hindu Administrative Institutions c6.s3.9 - **Language:** English ### [c6.s3.9](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.dikshitar-1929.c6.s3.9) The king is said to be the maker of \*kāla\* or time. He makes and unmakes the four \*yugas\* by his actions. He must ever endeavour to create the Kṛta Yuga as against the Kali Yuga.¹ In a later chapter (91) Bhīṣma speaks of the king himself as the Yuga (\*v\* 6). \*Daṇḍa\* or well-timed and impartial justice is \*dharma\*, and \*artha\* is the root of \*dharma\*. The whole chapter² is devoted to the discussion of this subject of \*trivarga\* and its place in Indian polity. The fruits of \*dharma\* are said to be the attainment of divinity and of heaven; of \*artha\* enjoyment (\*bhoga\*), of \*kāma\* (satisfaction of the senses) and of \*mokṣa\*, release from the bonds of these three. There must be healthy restraints in the realization of the three ends of life in order that this life may lead to \*mokṣa\*.³ There must be a harmonious co-ordination of these spiritual standards. In this context Bhīṣma narrates the discourse which took place between Kāmandaka Ṛiṣi and Angariṣṭa Rāja. The king enquires of the sage: ‘If a king under the influence of anger and jealousy commit deeds of sin and repent afterwards, will he be absolved of the sin? Can a king get salvation if in ignorance he practises \*adharma\* as \*dharma\*?’ The sage replied that the king who abandoned \*dharma\* and \*artha\*, and enjoyed \*kāma\* in excess would ruin his powers of knowledge, and in this state wicked people would increase in numbers. He would get himself involved in all kinds of troubles. - [Previous: c6.s3.8](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.dikshitar-1929.c6.s3.8) - [Next: c6.s3.10](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.dikshitar-1929.c6.s3.10) - [Up: c6.s3](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.dikshitar-1929.c6.s3) --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.dikshitar-1929.c6.s3.9](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.dikshitar-1929.c6.s3.9) · Pramāṇa