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Life in Ancient India as Depicted in the Jain Canons, with Commentaries: An Administrative, Economic, Social and Geographical Survey c13.s1.t1: The Eighteen Livis

Life in Ancient India as Depicted in the Jain Canons, with Commentaries: An Administrative, Economic, Social and Geographical Survey c13.s1.t1

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The Eighteen Livis

c13.s1.t1.1

The following *livis* or scripts are mentioned :—

c13.s1.t1.2

(1) Bambhī, (2) Javanāliyā or Javanāṇiyā, (3) Dosāuriā, (4) Kharotthiā, (5) Pukkharasāriā, (6) Paharāṇā, (7) Uccattarā,¹³ (8) Akkharaputthiyā, (9) Bhogavayatā, (10) Veṇatiyā, (11) Niṇhaiyā, (12) Aṅka livi, (13) Gaṇia livi, (14) Gandhavva livi—Bhūya livi, (15) Ādamsa livi, (16) Māhesarī livi, (17) Dāmilī livi and (18) Polindī livi.¹⁴

c13.s1.t1.3

¹³ According to the *Paṇṇa* (1 55a), we have *Antakkhariyā, Uyantarikkhiyā* or *Uyantarakariyā* in place of *Uccattarā*, and *Ayāsa* in place of *Ādaṃse*, Punyavijaya, *Jain citrakalpa*., p. 6.

c13.s1.t1.4

¹⁴ The Viseṣa Ti (V 464) mentions the following eighteen livis (1) Hamsa livi, (2) Aṅka livi, (3) Jakkhi, (4) Rakkhasi, (5) Uddi, (6) Javani, (7) Turukki, (8) Kūī, (9) Davidi, (10) Sindhaviyā, (11) Mālavī, (12) Nadī, (13) Nāgarī, (14) Lāda livi, (15) Pāravī, (16) Animitti, (17) Cānakki and (18) Mūladevi. For some of these livis such as Aṅka livi, Nāgarī, Cānakki and Mūladevi see Punyavijaya, op cit, p 6 f note The other lists of the livis are given by Lāvanyasamayagani in his Vimalaprabandha (p 123) and Laksmi-vallabha Upādhyāya in his commentary on the Kalpasūtra, (H R Kapadia, op cit, p 94).

Cites (2)