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History of Dharmashastra (Ancient and Mediaeval Religious and Civil Law in India) v1.c6.s16.t7: 22. Jātūkarṇya

History of Dharmaśāstra (Ancient and Mediaeval Religious and Civil Law in India) v1.c6.s16.t7

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22. Jātūkarṇya

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Viśvarūpa on (Yāj. I. 4-5) quotes a verse of Vṛddha-Yājñavalkya in which Jātūkarṇa is mentioned as an expounder of dharma."²¹⁹ The name is variously written as Jātūkarṇī or Jātūkarṇya or as Jātūkarṇa. The Smṛticandrikā quotes a passage from Aṅgiras in which Jātūkarṇya is enumerated among writers of Upasmṛtis. Viśvarūpa quotes prose passages from Jātūkarṇya a number of times.²²⁰ On Yāj. I. 1, he gives a sūtra about "pratilomas"; on Yāj. I. 2 there is a sūtra sying that a pupil should not all of a sudden put a question to his teacher in an assembly of people, on Yāj. I. 29 about a Kṣatriya and Vaiśya wearing an Upavīta of hemp and wool when initiated for sacrifice, on Yāj. I. 37 as to the age when a Brāhmaṇa became a vrātya, about the prohibition of marrying another wife of a different caste when one has already married a savarṇa wife (on Yāj. I. 79), about the time for śrāddhas (on Yāj. I. 215). These quotations show that Jātūkarṇya composed a sūtra work on ācāra and śrāddha, which was comparatively ancient. The quotations of Jātūkarṇya in Mitākṣarā Haradatta, Aparārka, and later writers are in verse and so it appears that by that time the work had been lost or forgotten. Aparārka (p. 423) quotes a verse of Jātūkarṇya which refers to the zodiacal sign Virgo. This would place the verse Jātūkarṇya not very much earlier than the 3rd or 4th century A. D.

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²¹⁹ भूयांसो धर्मवक्तार उत्पन्ना भाविनस्तथा। निधानं सर्वधर्माणां वेद एव हि शाश्वतः॥ नारदः पुलहो गार्ग्यः पुलस्त्यः शौनकः क्रतुः। बौधायनो जातुकर्णी विश्वामित्रः पितामहः॥

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²²⁰ 'प्रतिलोमास्त्वन्तावसायिनः', 'नाकस्मात्सresourceमवाये गुरुं पृच्छेत्'; 'दीक्षितौ चेद्राजन्यवैश्यौ शाणाविके कुर्वीताम्'; 'द्विगुणां गायत्रीमतिक्रम्य ब्राह्मणो व्रात्यः स्यात्'; 'सवर्णाया कृतदारो नान्यामिच्छेत्सन्तानस्यान्यगामित्वात्'; 'अथ श्राद्धमपरपक्षे सर्वत्राविशेषात्। नभस्य एव वा सामर्थ्योपपत्तिभ्याम्'.

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