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History of Dharmashastra (Ancient and Mediaeval Religious and Civil Law in India) v1.c6.s46: 59. Bhartṛyajña

History of Dharmaśāstra (Ancient and Mediaeval Religious and Civil Law in India) v1.c6.s46

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59. Bhartṛyajña

v1.c6.s46.1

This seems to have been a very ancient commentator. Medhātithi⁵²³ in his bhāṣya on Manu 8. 3 says 'other explanations have been well brought out by Bhartṛyajña and they should be understood from his work'. Trikāṇḍa-Maṇḍana (who flourished before 1100 A. D.) in his Āpastambasūtradhvanitārtha-kārikā⁵²⁴ (I. 41) refers to the views of Bhartṛyajña that one who had committed to memory the text of the Veda had the privilege (the *adhikāra*) of consecrating the sacred fires, though he may be innocent of the meaning of the Vedic texts. From Ananta's bhāṣya it appears that Bhartṛyajña composed a bhāṣya on the Kātyāyanaśrautasūtra which had been lost (*utsanna*) in the former's day. From Gadādhara's comments on the Pāraskara gṛhyasūtra it appears that Bhartṛyajña commented on Pāraskara.⁵²⁵ The Gṛhastharatnākara of Caṇḍeśvara quotes Bhartṛyajña's explanation of the word *saṁvibhāga* occurring in Gautamadhārmasūtra (10. 39 'svāmī riktha-kraya-saṁvibhāga-parigrahādhigameṣu)'.⁵²⁶ The Nityācārapradīpa (B. I. series) after quoting Gautamadharmasūtra (11. 29 varṇāśramāḥ svadharmaniṣṭhāḥ &c. ) cites the comment of Bhartṛyajña⁵²⁷ on the word *tac-cheṣeṇa* occurring in that sūtra. Therefore it appears probable that Bhartṛyajña like Asahāya was an ancient commentator of the Gautamadharmasūtra. The Gṛhastharatnākara, after quoting from Vasiṣṭha (17. 1) and Viṣṇu the well-known verse of the Aitareyabrāhmaṇa (ṛṇam-asmin saṁ-nayati) cites the explanation of Bhartṛyajña as to the word 'jātasya' occurring therein.⁵²⁸

v1.c6.s46.2

⁵²³ व्याख्यानान्तराणि भर्तृयज्ञेनैव सम्यक्कृतानि इति तत एवावगन्तव्यानि सर्वथा प्रमाणमूलानि ।

v1.c6.s46.3

⁵²⁴ यद्वाऽध्ययनसंसिद्धविद्वानर्रहितोपि सन् । नातीवाधिकार्यःशून्यो भर्तृयज्ञादिदर्शनात् ॥ त्रिकाण्डमण्डन (B. I. series);

v1.c6.s46.4

⁵²⁵ on पारस्करगृह्य I. 1. 2. 'एते पञ्च भूसंस्कारा इति भर्तृयज्ञभाष्ये अन्यथा इति कर्कोपाध्यायः'; on पारस्कर I. 2 1. the भाष्य of भर्तृयज्ञ on the word दारकाले is quoted; on the सूत्र 'केशसंमितो ब्राह्मणस्य &c.' (पारस्कर II. 5. 23) गदाधर says 'इदं च सूत्रं सूत्रत्वेन हरिहरभाष्ये तिष्ठति भर्तृयज्ञककीदिग्रन्थेषु नोपलभ्यते'.

v1.c6.s46.5

⁵²⁶ संविभागो भर्तृदाय इति भर्तृयज्ञः। गृहस्थरत्नाकर folio 78a of D. C. ms. No 44 of 1883-84.

v1.c6.s46.6

⁵²⁷ अत्र तच्छेषेण इति तस्यैव नित्याचारकर्मणः शेषेणेति भर्तृयज्ञः। नित्याचारप्रदीप p. 12.

v1.c6.s46.7

⁵²⁸ अत्र जातस्येति ऋण.पाकरणयोग्यस्येति भर्तृयज्ञः। गृहस्थरत्नाकर folio 133a.

v1.c6.s46.8

Since Bhartṛyajña is quoted by Medhātithi who also mentions Asahāya but not Viśvarūpa, it follows that Bhartṛyajña must have flourished before 800 A. D. and was probably a contemporary of or slightly later than Asahāya.

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