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History of Dharmashastra (Ancient and Mediaeval Religious and Civil Law in India) v1.c6.s69: 84. Harihara

History of Dharmaśāstra (Ancient and Mediaeval Religious and Civil Law in India) v1.c6.s69

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84. Harihara

v1.c6.s69.1

From quotations in the Vivādaratnākara it appears that Harihara wrote on vyavahāra. For example, the Vivādaratnākara first quotes (on p. 220) the definition of 'saṁsaraṇa' given by Bṛhaspati and then cites three verses of Kātyāyana defining a *catuṣpatha* and a *rājamārga* and prescribing punishments for causing obstruction and committing nuisance thereon. Then it notices that the verse ‘yas-tatra’ cited by it from Kātyāyana is cited by Harihara as from Prajāpati when the topic immediately preceding is ‘saṁsaraṇa’.⁷⁹⁶ The Vivādaratnākara quotes a sūtra of Śaṅkha-Likhita prescribing the punishment for sexual intercourse with a virgin against her will and Harihara's explanation of the word ‘dvyaṅgulaccheda’.⁷⁹⁷ From these it is clear that Harihara wrote some work on vyavahāra, which has not yet been recovered. He must have flourished earlier than 1300 A. D.

v1.c6.s69.2

⁷⁹⁶ हरिहरादिभिः संसरणानुवृत्तौ प्रजापतिरिति मस्तके दत्त्वा यस्तत्रेति वाक्यमवतारितमिह न फलतो विशेष इति। वि. र. p. 221.

v1.c6.s69.3

⁷⁹⁷ शङ्खलिखितौ - कन्यायाममकामायां द्व्यङ्गुलच्छेदो दण्डः। ... हरिहरस्तु द्व्यङ्गुलपरिमाणलिङ्गच्छेद इत्याह । वि. र. p. 402.

v1.c6.s69.4

There is a commentary on the Pāraskaragṛhyasūtra composed by Harihara who is styled *agnihotrin* in the colophons. In one ms. copied in śake 1707 (1785-86 A. D.) he is described as the pupil of Vijñāneśvara. In the introductory second verse he says he relies on Vāsudeva. In the body of the work he refers (Gujarati Press edition) to Karkopādhyāya (p. 200), Kalpatarukāra, Reṇudīkṣita, and Vijñāneśvarācārya (p. 370). Therefore he is later than 1150 A. D. Harihara's views are mentioned by Hemādri,⁷⁹⁸ the Samayapradīpa and Ācārādarśa of Śrīdatta and in the Smṛtisāra of Harinātha. Therefore this Harihara must be earlier than 1250 A. D. Whether he was really the pupil of Vijñāneśvara is doubtful. In his bhāṣya Harihara refers to words current in Kanoj.⁸⁰⁰ Hemādri mentions Harihara's explanation of *nepālakambala* wherein the latter says that it is well known among the northerners.⁸⁰¹ Hariharapaddhati is mentioned in the Śrāddhatattva (vol. I, p. 281) and Harihara in the Yajurvediśrāddhatattva (vol. II, p. 488). We have seen above that a Harihara commented upon the Āśaucadaśaka of Vijñāneśvara. This fact together with his being not far from Vijñāneśvara's time may have led to the belief that he was a pupil of Vijñāneśvara. It appears probable that the jurist Harihara who flourished before 1300 and Harihara the bhāṣyakāra of Pāraskara who flourished between 1150 and 1250 A. D. are identical. The views ascribed to Harihara by Hemādri in his section on śrāddha are not found in the bhāṣya on Pāraskara. Therefore Hemādri is referring to some other work of Harihara. From a passage of Hemādri it appears that Harihara wrote after the Mahārṇava⁸⁰² (Prakāśa). Hemādri also tells us that Harihara refuted the views of Jayantasvāmi on a certain verse.⁸⁰³ The same Harihara who commented on Pāraskara also wrote a commentary on Kātyāyana's Snānavidhisūtra wherein he mentions the Kalpatarukāra (vide D. C. ms. No. 101 of 1891-95). Several Hariharas are known. There is Hariharabhaṭṭācārya, the father of the great Bengal writer Raghunandana. A Hariharācārya composed an astrological work Samayapradīpa in śake 1481 (1559-1560 A. D.).

v1.c6.s69.5

⁷⁹⁸ तस्मात् त्रयोदशे श्राद्धं न कुर्यान्नोपनिष्ठते इत्येव बहुग्रन्थदृष्टः काश्मीरलेखितश्च पाठो ज्यायान् । तथा च हरिहरादिग्रन्थेष्वप्येवमेव पाठो गृह्यते । चतुर्वर्ग० ( काल ) vol. III. 2. p. 52; *vide* pp. 447, 483 of the same vol. for other references to हरिहर and also vol. III. 1. pp. 159, 1131, 1139, 1177, 1280.

v1.c6.s69.6

⁷⁹⁹ तत्र हरिहरो मेघादिच्छन्नस्यापि निमित्तत्वमाह प्राप्तावच्छिन्नकालस्य गणितप्रमितत्वात् । समयप्रदीप (D. C. ms. No. 371 of 1875-76 folio 52a).

v1.c6.s69.7

⁸⁰⁰ सभाविश्रामार्थं काष्ठपाषाणविन्यासविशेषः पट्टकः । पह्ठहर इति कान्यकुब्जे प्रसिद्धः । p. 376 of हरिहर's पारस्करभाष्य (Gujarati press ed.).

v1.c6.s69.8

⁸⁰¹ हरिहरेण तु पार्वतीयराजलोमभैर्निर्मितः कम्बलाकारः पट उदीच्येषु प्रसिद्ध इत्येवं व्याख्यातः । चतुर्वर्ग० III. 1. p. 1177.

v1.c6.s69.9

⁸⁰² अथाम्यान्यपि हरिहरेण कुहूग्रहणपराण्येषामिर्ज्ञातकर्तृत्वेन महार्णवलिखितत्वेन चोपालभ्य कैश्चिदुक्तानीत्युक्त्वोपन्यस्तानि । **चतुर्वर्ग०** III. 1. 183.

v1.c6.s69.10

⁸⁰³ इह जयन्तस्वामिमतं हरिहरेणोपन्यस्तम् । अन्धभावे तु विप्रस्येति श्लोकस्य कदाचित्क-विदसंनिहिताभिः साभिरेव विषयः । ... तदेतज्जयन्तस्वामिसंमतं त्रैवर्णिकमात्रविषय-त्वमस्य तेनैव दूषितम् । **चतुर्वर्ग०** III. 1. 1339.

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