[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [Polity, law and society](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity) › [History of Dharmashastra (Ancient and Mediaeval Religious and Civil Law in India)](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930) › v2.c19.206 # History of Dharmashastra (Ancient and Mediaeval Religious and Civil Law in India) v2.c19.206 History of Dharmaśāstra (Ancient and Mediaeval Religious and Civil Law in India) v2.c19.206 - **Language:** English ### [v2.c19.206](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v2.c19.206) \*Karaṇa\*. According to Gaut. (IV. 17 the view of some ācāryas) and Yāj. I. 92, he is the child of the marriage of a vaiśya and a śūdra woman (i. e. he is an anuloma). Manu (X. 22) says that a kṣatriya who is a vrātya (i. e. for whom no upanayana has been performed) has from a similar woman a child variously called Jhalla, Malla, Niccivi (Licchivi?), Naṭa, Karaṇa, Khaśa, Draviḍa. Ādiparva 115. 43 tells us that Dhṛtarāṣṭra had from a vaiśya female a karaṇa son named Yuyutsu. Kṣīrasvāmī on Amara says that karaṇa also denotes a group of officers like kāyasthas and adhyakṣas (superintendents). The Sahyādrikhaṇḍa (26. 49-51) says he is the same as cāraṇa or vaitālika and his business is to sing the praises of kings and brāhmaṇas and study the science of erotics. - [Previous: v2.c19.205](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v2.c19.205) - [Next: v2.c19.207](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v2.c19.207) - [Up: v2.c19](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v2.c19) ## Linked texts (5) - [Mānava Dharmaśāstra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.manu.10.22) — Manu & Bhṛgu, Sanskrit - [Yājñavalkyasmṛti](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.yajnavalkya.1.92) — Yājñavalkya, Sanskrit - [Gautamadharmasūtra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.kalpa.dharma.gautama.4.17) — Gautama (dharmasūtrakāra), Sanskrit - [Mahābhārata](https://indike.org/pramana/in.lit.mahabharata.vyasa.1.115) — Vyāsa, Sanskrit - [Tibetan translation ('Chi med mdzod)](https://indike.org/pramana/in.art.kosa.paryaya.amarakosa*bo) — Classical Tibetan --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v2.c19.206](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v2.c19.206) · Pramāṇa