[Pramāṇa](https://indike.org/pramana/) › [Studies](https://indike.org/pramana/ins) › [Polity, law and society](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity) › [History of Dharmashastra (Ancient and Mediaeval Religious and Civil Law in India)](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930) › v3.c45.37 # History of Dharmashastra (Ancient and Mediaeval Religious and Civil Law in India) v3.c45.37 History of Dharmaśāstra (Ancient and Mediaeval Religious and Civil Law in India) v3.c45.37 - **Language:** English ### [v3.c45.37](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v3.c45.37) The Baud. Dh. S. III. 3 gives an intricate classification of vānaprasthas. They are either \*pacamānakas\* (who take cooked or ripe food) or \*apacamānakas\* (who do not cook their food). Each of these two classes is again sub-divided into five. The five \*pacamānakas\* are \*sarvāraṇyakas\*, \*vaituṣikas\*, those who subsist on fruits, roots and bulbous roots, those who subsist on fruits only, those who subsist on vegetables only. Sarvāraṇyakas are of two kinds, viz. \*indrāvasiktas\* (who bring creepers, shrubs and cook them, offer agnihotra therewith and offer it to guests and eat the rest) and \*reto-vasiktas\* (who bring the flesh of animals killed by tigers, wolves or hawks and cook it and offer to Agni &c.). The \*apacamānakas\* are five vīz. \*unmajjakas\* (who do not employ implements of iron or stone for holding food), \*pravṛttāśinaḥ\* (who eat food from their hands, without using any vessel), \*mukhenādāyinaḥ\* (who eat food with their mouth, without using their hands, as beasts do), \*toyāhāras\* (who subsist on water only), \*vāyubhakṣāḥ\* (who observe total fast). These are according to Baud. the ten \*dīkṣās\* of Vaikhānasaṣ. Manu also (VI. 29) calls the rules to be observed by forest hermits dīkṣās. - [Previous: v3.c45.36](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v3.c45.36) - [Next: v3.c45.38](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v3.c45.38) - [Up: v3.c45](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v3.c45) ## Cites (2) - [Mānava Dharmaśāstra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.niti.dharma.manu.6.29) — Manu & Bhṛgu, Sanskrit - [Baudhāyanadharmasūtra](https://indike.org/pramana/in.vedanga.kalpa.dharma.baudhayana.3.3) — Baudhāyana, Sanskrit --- Source: [https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v3.c45.37](https://indike.org/pramana/ins.polity.kane-1930.v3.c45.37) · Pramāṇa